Staging and Follow-Up of Leukemia

Variant: 1 Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
US scrotum	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	O
Radiography chest	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Nuclear medicine ventriculography	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 2 Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
Radiography chest	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Nuclear medicine ventriculography	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 3 Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
CT chest without IV contrast	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢
Radiography chest	Usually Not Appropriate	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Nuclear medicine ventriculography	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 4 Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢☢
Radiography chest	Usually Not Appropriate	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 5 Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
Radiography chest	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢
CT chest with IV contrast	May Be Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Nuclear medicine ventriculography	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 6 Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
Radiography chest	Usually Not Appropriate	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 7 Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	☢☢☢☢
Radiography chest	Usually Not Appropriate	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 8 Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
Radiography chest	Usually Not Appropriate	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
Gallium scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Variant: 9 Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.

Procedure	Appropriateness Category	Relative Radiation Level
CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	May Be Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	May Be Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
US abdomen	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Radiography chest	Usually Not Appropriate	☢
Radiography chest abdomen pelvis	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
Radiography skeletal survey	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI abdomen without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
MRI head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	O
Bone scan whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT head without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢
CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CT neck and chest without IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
FDG-PET/CT whole body	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢
CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast	Usually Not Appropriate	☢☢☢☢☢

Panel Members

Rustain L. Morgan, MD^a; Tharakeswara Kumar Bathala, MD^b; Sandeep S. Arora, MBBS^c; Namrata Chandhok, MD^d; Amanda S. Corey, MD^e; Savita V. Dandapani, MD, PhD^f; Lauren Kim, MD^g; Lisa Law, MD^h; Bahar Mansoori, MDⁱ; Cara E. Morin, MD, PhD^j; Andrew T. Trout, MD^k; Darcy J. Wolfman, MD^l; Terence Z. Wong, MD, PhD^m.

Summary of Literature Review

Introduction/Background

Special Imaging Considerations

Discussion of Procedures by Variant

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
^. Nuclear medicine ventriculography

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
_. Radiography chest

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
`. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
a. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 1: Child. Male. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
b. US scrotum

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
^. Nuclear medicine ventriculography

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
_. Radiography chest

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
`. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 2: Child. Female. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
a. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
^. Nuclear medicine ventriculography

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
_. Radiography chest

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
`. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 3: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
a. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
^. Radiography chest

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
_. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 4: Adult. Posttherapy evaluation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with extra medullary disease at diagnosis.
`. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
^. Nuclear medicine ventriculography

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
_. Radiography chest

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
`. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 5: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for acute myeloid or promyelocytic leukemia.
a. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
^. Radiography chest

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
_. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 6: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic myeloid leukemia.
`. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
^. Radiography chest

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
_. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 7: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
`. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
K. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
L. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
M. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
N. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
O. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
P. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
Q. Gallium scan whole body

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
R. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
S. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
T. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
V. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
W. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
X. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
Y. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
Z. Radiography chest

Variant 8: Adult. Surveillance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with suspected histologic transformation (ie, Richter syndrome).
[. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
A. Bone scan whole body

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
B. CT abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
C. CT abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
D. CT abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
E. CT chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
F. CT chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
G. CT chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
H. CT chest with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
I. CT chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
J. CT chest without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
K. CT head with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
L. CT head without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
M. CT head without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
N. CT neck and chest with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
O. CT neck and chest without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
P. CT neck and chest without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
Q. CTA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
R. FDG-PET/CT skull base to mid-thigh

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
S. FDG-PET/CT whole body

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
T. MRA chest abdomen pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
U. MRI abdomen and pelvis with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
V. MRI abdomen and pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
W. MRI abdomen and pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
X. MRI abdomen without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
Y. MRI abdomen without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
Z. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
[. MRI chest abdomen pelvis without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
\. MRI head without and with IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
]. MRI head without IV contrast

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
^. Radiography chest

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
_. Radiography chest abdomen pelvis

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
`. Radiography skeletal survey

Variant 9: Adult. Asymptomatic. Initial staging for hairy cell leukemia.
a. US abdomen

Summary of Highlights

Supporting Documents

The evidence table, literature search, and appendix for this topic are available at https://acsearch.acr.org/list. The appendix includes the strength of evidence assessment and the final rating round tabulations for each recommendation.

For additional information on the Appropriateness Criteria methodology and other supporting documents, please go to the ACR website at https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Clinical-Tools-and-Reference/Appropriateness-Criteria.

Gender Equality and Inclusivity Clause

The ACR acknowledges the limitations in applying inclusive language when citing research studies that predates the use of the current understanding of language inclusive of diversity in sex, intersex, gender, and gender-diverse people. The data variables regarding sex and gender used in the cited literature will not be changed. However, this guideline will use the terminology and definitions as proposed by the National Institutes of Health.

Appropriateness Category Names and Definitions

Appropriateness Category Name	Appropriateness Rating	Appropriateness Category Definition
Usually Appropriate	7, 8, or 9	The imaging procedure or treatment is indicated in the specified clinical scenarios at a favorable risk-benefit ratio for patients.
May Be Appropriate	4, 5, or 6	The imaging procedure or treatment may be indicated in the specified clinical scenarios as an alternative to imaging procedures or treatments with a more favorable risk-benefit ratio, or the risk-benefit ratio for patients is equivocal.
May Be Appropriate (Disagreement)	5	The individual ratings are too dispersed from the panel median. The different label provides transparency regarding the panel’s recommendation. “May be appropriate” is the rating category and a rating of 5 is assigned.
Usually Not Appropriate	1, 2, or 3	The imaging procedure or treatment is unlikely to be indicated in the specified clinical scenarios, or the risk-benefit ratio for patients is likely to be unfavorable.

Relative Radiation Level Information

Potential adverse health effects associated with radiation exposure are an important factor to consider when selecting the appropriate imaging procedure. Because there is a wide range of radiation exposures associated with different diagnostic procedures, a relative radiation level (RRL) indication has been included for each imaging examination. The RRLs are based on effective dose, which is a radiation dose quantity that is used to estimate population total radiation risk associated with an imaging procedure. Patients in the pediatric age group are at inherently higher risk from exposure, because of both organ sensitivity and longer life expectancy (relevant to the long latency that appears to accompany radiation exposure). For these reasons, the RRL dose estimate ranges for pediatric examinations are lower as compared with those specified for adults (see Table below). Additional information regarding radiation dose assessment for imaging examinations can be found in the ACR Appropriateness Criteria^® Radiation Dose Assessment Introduction document.

Relative Radiation Level Designations
Relative Radiation Level*	Adult Effective Dose Estimate Range	Pediatric Effective Dose Estimate Range
O	0 mSv	0 mSv
☢	<0.1 mSv	<0.03 mSv
☢☢	0.1-1 mSv	0.03-0.3 mSv
☢☢☢	1-10 mSv	0.3-3 mSv
☢☢☢☢	10-30 mSv	3-10 mSv
☢☢☢☢☢	30-100 mSv	10-30 mSv
*RRL assignments for some of the examinations cannot be made, because the actual patient doses in these procedures vary as a function of a number of factors (e.g., region of the body exposed to ionizing radiation, the imaging guidance that is used). The RRLs for these examinations are designated as “Varies.”

References

1.	Siegel RL, Miller KD, Fuchs HE, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2022. CA Cancer J Clin 2022;72:7-33.
2.	American College of Radiology. ACR–NASCI–SIR–SPR Practice Parameter for the Performance and Interpretation of Body Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). Available at: https://gravitas.acr.org/PPTS/GetDocumentView?docId=164+&releaseId=2.
3.	Fujiki T, Nishimura R, Mase S, et al. Accurate detection of renal leukemic involvement in children using 3-D computed tomography modeling. Pediatr Int. 61(7):679-687, 2019 Jul.
4.	Brown P, Inaba H, Annesley C, et al. Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Version 2.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J. Natl. Compr. Cancer Netw.. 18(1):81-112, 2020 01.
5.	Krull K, Kunstreich M, Bronsema A, et al. Osteonecrosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia at initial diagnosis and prior to any chemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma. 60(1):78-84, 2019 01.
6.	Cao W, Liang C, Gen Y, Wang C, Zhao C, Sun L. Role of diffusion-weighted imaging for detecting bone marrow infiltration in skull in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Diagn Interv Radiol. 22(6):580-586, 2016 Nov-Dec.
7.	Pryweller JR, Glass JO, Sabin ND, et al. Characterization of Leukoencephalopathy and Association With Later Neurocognitive Performance in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Invest Radiol. 56(2):117-126, 2021 02 01.
8.	Lauer M, Kernen E, Schwabe D, Lehrnbecher T, Porto L. The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of central nervous system involvement in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 67(10):e28294, 2020 10.
9.	Ranta S, Palomaki M, Levinsen M, et al. Role of neuroimaging in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and central nervous system involvement at diagnosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 64(1):64-70, 2017 01.
10.	Smith WT, Shiao KT, Varotto E, et al. Evaluation of Chest Radiographs of Children with Newly Diagnosed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Pediatr. 223:120-127.e3, 2020 08.
11.	Ceesay MM, Desai SR, Cleverley J, et al. Pre-symptomatic (Baseline) computed tomography predicts invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in high-risk adult haemato-oncology patients. Br J Haematol 2018;182:723-27.
12.	Brown PA, Shah B, Advani A, et al. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Version 2.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J. Natl. Compr. Cancer Netw.. 19(9):1079-1109, 2021 09 20.
13.	Holland EM, Yates B, Ling A, et al. Characterization of extramedullary disease in B-ALL and response to CAR T-cell therapy. Blood Adv. 2022 Apr 12;6(7):2167-2182.
14.	Bitterman R, Hardak E, Raines M, et al. Baseline Chest Computed Tomography for Early Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Hemato-oncological Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis. 69(10):1805-1808, 2019 10 30.
15.	Vallipuram J, Dhalla S, Bell CM, et al. Chest CT scans are frequently abnormal in asymptomatic patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 58(4):834-841, 2017 04.
16.	Stefanski M, Jamis-Dow C, Bayerl M, Desai RJ, Claxton DF, Van de Louw A. Chest radiographic and CT findings in hyperleukocytic acute myeloid leukemia: A retrospective cohort study of 73 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 95(44):e5285, 2016 Nov.
17.	Heuser M, Ofran Y, Boissel N, et al. Acute myeloid leukaemia in adult patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2020;31:697-712.
18.	Pollyea DA, Bixby D, Perl A, et al. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Version 2.2021. J. Natl. Compr. Cancer Netw.. 19(1):16-27, 2021 01 06.
19.	Gurnari C, Breccia M, Di Giuliano F, et al. Early intracranial haemorrhages in acute promyelocytic leukaemia: analysis of neuroradiological and clinico-biological parameters. British Journal of Haematology. 193(1):129-132, 2021 04.
20.	Cribe AS, Steenhof M, Marcher CW, Petersen H, Frederiksen H, Friis LS. Extramedullary disease in patients with acute myeloid leukemia assessed by 18F-FDG PET. Eur J Haematol. 90(4):273-8, 2013 Apr.
21.	Stolzel F, Rollig C, Radke J, et al. 18F-FDG-PET/CT for detection of extramedullary acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica. 96(10):1552-6, 2011 Oct.
22.	Gentile M, Cutrona G, Fabris S, et al. Total body computed tomography scan in the initial work-up of Binet stage A chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients: Results of the prospective, multicenter O-CLL1-GISL study. Am J Hematol. 88(7):539-44, 2013 Jul.
23.	Mauro FR, Chauvie S, Paoloni F, et al. Diagnostic and prognostic role of PET/CT in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and progressive disease. Leukemia. 29(6):1360-5, 2015 Jun.
24.	Strati P, Uhm JH, Kaufmann TJ, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of central nervous system involvement by chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica. 101(4):458-65, 2016 Apr.
25.	Reinert CP, Federmann B, Hofmann J, et al. Computed tomography textural analysis for the differentiation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and diffuse large B cell lymphoma of Richter syndrome. Eur Radiol. 29(12):6911-6921, 2019 Dec.
26.	Federmann B, Mueller MR, Steinhilber J, Horger MS, Fend F. Diagnosis of Richter transformation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: histology tips the scales. Ann Hematol. 97(10):1859-1868, 2018 Oct.
27.	Falchi L, Keating MJ, Marom EM, et al. Correlation between FDG/PET, histology, characteristics, and survival in 332 patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia. Blood. 123(18):2783-90, 2014 May 01.
28.	Mato AR, Wierda WG, Davids MS, et al. Utility of positron emission tomography-computed tomography in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia following B-cell receptor pathway inhibitor therapy. Haematologica. 104(11):2258-2264, 2019 11.
29.	Papajik T, Myslivecek M, Urbanova R, et al. 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography examination in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia may reveal Richter transformation. Leuk Lymphoma. 55(2):314-9, 2014 Feb.
30.	Conte MJ, Bowen DA, Wiseman GA, et al. Use of positron emission tomography-computed tomography in the management of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 55(9):2079-84, 2014 Sep.
31.	Jones G, Parry-Jones N, Wilkins B, Else M, Catovsky D, British Committee for Standards in Haematology. Revised guidelines for the diagnosis and management of hairy cell leukaemia and hairy cell leukaemia variant*. Br J Haematol. 156(2):186-95, 2012 Jan.
32.	Robak P, Jesionek-Kupnicka D, Kupnicki P, Polliack A, Robak T. Multifocal osteolytic lesions in hairy cell leukemia-the importance of PET/CT in diagnosis and assessment. Ann Hematol 2021;100:1641-45.
33.	Gibson G, Lai J, Thomas P. Unusual soft tissue infiltrates with 18F-FDG uptake in a patient with hairy cell leukemia. Clin Nucl Med 2015;40:e282-4.
34.	National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Committee on National Statistics; Committee on Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. In: Becker T, Chin M, Bates N, eds. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US) Copyright 2022 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.; 2022.
35.	American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Radiation Dose Assessment Introduction. Available at: https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/americancoldf5f-acrorgf92a-productioncb02-3650/media/ACR/Files/Clinical/Appropriateness-Criteria/ACR-Appropriateness-Criteria-Radiation-Dose-Assessment-Introduction.pdf.

Disclaimer

The ACR Committee on Appropriateness Criteria and its expert panels have developed criteria for determining appropriate imaging examinations for diagnosis and treatment of specified medical condition(s). These criteria are intended to guide radiologists, radiation oncologists and referring physicians in making decisions regarding radiologic imaging and treatment. Generally, the complexity and severity of a patient’s clinical condition should dictate the selection of appropriate imaging procedures or treatments. Only those examinations generally used for evaluation of the patient’s condition are ranked. Other imaging studies necessary to evaluate other co-existent diseases or other medical consequences of this condition are not considered in this document. The availability of equipment or personnel may influence the selection of appropriate imaging procedures or treatments. Imaging techniques classified as investigational by the FDA have not been considered in developing these criteria; however, study of new equipment and applications should be encouraged. The ultimate decision regarding the appropriateness of any specific radiologic examination or treatment must be made by the referring physician and radiologist in light of all the circumstances presented in an individual examination.