| 1. Tuite MJ, Small KM. Imaging Evaluation of Nonacute Shoulder Pain. [Review]. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 209(3):525-533, 2017 Sep. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
The purpose of this article is to examine the evidence for the most helpful radiographic views and the best imaging test after radiographs for different clinical presentations of chronic shoulder pain. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 2. Jacobson JA, Roberts CC, Bencardino JT, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Chronic Extremity Joint Pain-Suspected Inflammatory Arthritis. J Am Coll Radiol 2017;14:S81-S89. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for chronic extremity joint pain. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 3. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria®: Imaging After Shoulder Arthroplasty. Available at: https://acsearch.acr.org/docs/3097049/Narrative/. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for a specific clinical condition. |
No abstract available. |
4 |
| 4. Bestic JM, Wessell DE, Beaman FD, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Primary Bone Tumors. J Am Coll Radiol 2020;17:S226-S38. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for primary bone tumors. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 5. Kransdorf MJ, Murphey MD, Wessell DE, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Soft-Tissue Masses. J Am Coll Radiol 2018;15:S189-S97. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for soft-tissue masses. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 6. Amini B, Beckmann NM, Beaman FD, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Shoulder Pain-Traumatic. J Am Coll Radiol 2018;15:S171-S88. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for traumatic shoulder pain. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 7. Horiuchi S, Nozaki T, Tasaki A, et al. Comparison Between Isotropic 3-Dimensional Fat-Suppressed T2-Weighted Fast Spin Echo (FSE) and Conventional 2-Dimensional Fat-Suppressed Proton-Weighted FSE Shoulder Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3-T in Patients With Shoulder Pain. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography. 42(4):559-565, 2018 Jul/Aug. |
Observational-Dx |
78 patients |
To compare isotropic 3-dimensional fat-suppressed T2-weighted fast spin echo (FSE) imaging (T2FS) with 2-dimensional fat-suppressed proton-density-weighted FSE imaging (2D-PDFS) and evaluate feasibility of isotropic 3-dimensional FSE shoulder imaging at 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). |
Three-dimensional T2FS showed significantly higher scores for rotator cuff (P = 0.020), lower scores for bone (P < 0.001), and higher relative contrast of rotator cuff to fluid (P < 0.001) and labrum to fluid (P < 0.001) in comparison with 2D-PDFS. |
2 |
| 8. Lee SH, Yun SJ, Jin W, Park SY, Park JS, Ryu KN. Comparison between 3D isotropic and 2D conventional MR arthrography for diagnosing rotator cuff tear and labral lesions: A meta-analysis. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 48(4):1034-1045, 2018 10. |
Meta-analysis |
11 studies including 825 patients |
To perform a comparison of the diagnostic performance of 3D-isotropic MR arthrography and 2D-conventional MR arthrography for diagnosis of RCT (solely RCT, full/partial-thickness supraspinatus [SST]-infraspinatus [IST] tear, or subscapularis [SSc] tear) and labral lesions. |
Eleven studies (825 patients) were included. Overall, 3D-isotropic MR arthrography had similar pooled sensitivity (0.90 [95% CI, 0.87-0.93]) (P = 0.95) and specificity (0.92 [95% CI, 0.87-0.95]) (P = 0.99), relative to 2D-conventional MR arthrography (sensitivity, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.86-0.94]); specificity, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.87-0.95]). Multiple-subgroup analyses showed that sensitivities (P = 0.13-0.91) and specificities (P = 0.26-0.99) on 3D-isotropic MR arthrography for diagnosing RCT, full/partial-thickness SST-IST tear, SSC tear, and labral lesions were not significantly different from 2D-conventional MR arthrography. On meta-regression analysis, 3D-TSE sequence demonstrated higher sensitivity (P < 0.01) than 3D-GRE for RCT and labral lesions. |
Good |
| 9. Subhas N, Benedick A, Obuchowski NA, et al. Comparison of a Fast 5-Minute Shoulder MRI Protocol With a Standard Shoulder MRI Protocol: A Multiinstitutional Multireader Study. AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology. 208(4):W146-W154, 2017 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
147 patients. |
To compare the diagnostic performance of a 5-minute shoulder MRI protocol consisting of multiplanar 2D fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences with parallel imaging to that of a standard shoulder MRI protocol. |
Interprotocol reader agreement was essentially equal to reader agreement on standard MRI (mean difference = 1%; 95% CI, -3.8% to 3.9%; 61-96% across structures). Interprotocol kappa values (0.373-0.645) were similar to standard MRI kappa values (0.320-0.726). Frequencies of major findings on fast and standard MRI were similar (0.7-19.6% across structures; p = 0.08). Sensitivities of fast MRI for tendon and labral tears (33-92%) were equivalent or higher than those of standard MRI with similar specificities (77-98%). |
2 |
| 10. Goud A, Segal D, Hedayati P, Pan JJ, Weissman BN. Radiographic evaluation of the shoulder. Eur J Radiol. 2008;68(1):2-15. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the radiographic examinations that are used at our hospital for evaluating arthritis, impingement, trauma and instability. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 11. Park SH, Choi CH, Yoon HK, Ha JW, Lee C, Chung K. What can the radiological parameters of superior migration of the humeral head tell us about the reparability of massive rotator cuff tears?. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]. 15(4):e0231843, 2020. |
Observational-Dx |
64 patients |
To identify the relation between AHI, IGHD, and UMI when measured with radiography and MRI and to determine whether superior migration can predict the irreparability of massive rotator cuff tears. |
Thirty-five patients had partially reparable and 29 had completely reparable tears. Parameters measured with either radiography or MRI were highly correlated with each other. The radiographic measurements showed a moderate or low correlation with the MRI measurements. All parameters of superior migration of the humeral head on radiography and MRI, the tangent sign, fatty infiltration of the infraspinatus muscle, and the Patte grade showed significant differences between patients with partially and completely repaired tears. Among these, the independent predictors for irreparability was Patte grade = 3. |
3 |
| 12. Ghandour TM, Elghazaly SA, Ghandour AM. Greater Tuberosity Sclerosis: A Radiographic Sign Of Rotator Cuff Tear?. Acta Orthopaedica Belgica. 83(3):416-420, 2017 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
425 patients |
To investigate the relation of sclerosis of the greater tuberosity to cuff tear, or whether this may signify partial or complete tear. |
Greater tuberosity sclerosis had 93.5% sensitivity for rotator cuff tear, 67.5% specificity, 90.4% positive predictive value (PPV), 51.9% negative Predictive value (NPV) and 85.2% accuracy. |
2 |
| 13. Hussain A, Muzzammil M, Butt F, Valsamis EM, Dwyer AJ. Effectiveness Of Plain Shoulder Radiograph In Detecting Degenerate Rotator Cuff Tears. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad: JAMC. 30(1):8-11, 2018 Jan-Mar. |
Observational-Dx |
150 symptomatic patients |
To show that plain x-rays are a good modality for initial evaluation of rotator cuff tears. |
When both cortical irregularity and sclerosis were present on the plain radiograph, these signs had a sensitivity of 78.8% [95% CI 65.7, 87.8%] and specificity 77.4% [95% CI 67.2, 85.0%] with a positive predictive value of 68.3%, using contingency table analysis. |
2 |
| 14. van der Reijden JJ, Nienhuis SL, Somford MP, et al. The value of radiographic markers in the diagnostic work-up of rotator cuff tears, an arthroscopic correlated study. Skeletal Radiology. 49(1):55-64, 2020 Jan. |
Observational-Dx |
236 patients |
To evaluate the value of radiographs during the diagnostic work-up of rotator cuff tears, using arthroscopy as reference standard. |
Seventy-two out of 131 shoulders (55%) had inferior cortical acromial sclerosis, 37 (28%) lateral acromial spur, 21 (16%) superior migration of the humeral head, 7 (5%) greater tubercle cysts and 15 subacromial space calcifications (11%). Inferior cortical acromial sclerosis (P = 0.001), lateral spur (P = 0.001), superior migration (P = 0.002), and cysts (P = 0.03) were significantly and independently associated with rotator cuff tears, whereas subacromial calcifications (p = 0.21) was not. Inferior cortical acromial sclerosis, superior migration, lateral acromial spur, and cysts combined have a positive predictive value of 78%. |
3 |
| 15. Charousset C, Bellaiche L, Duranthon LD, Grimberg J. Accuracy of CT arthrography in the assessment of tears of the rotator cuff. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87(6):824-828. |
Observational-Dx |
259 patients |
To compare CT arthrography with arthroscopy in order to establish their ability to determine the existence of a tear as well as its size and extent in the two directions according to the classification of the French Arthroscopy Society. |
CT arthrography had a sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 100% for the diagnosis of tears of supraspinatus. For infraspinatus these figures were 97.44% and 99.52%, respectively and, for subscapularis, 64.71% and 98.17%. For lesions of the long head of the biceps, the sensitivity was 45.76% and the specificity was 99.57%. |
3 |
| 16. Oh JH, Kim JY, Choi JA, Kim WS. Effectiveness of multidetector computed tomography arthrography for the diagnosis of shoulder pathology: comparison with magnetic resonance imaging with arthroscopic correlation. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2010;19:14-20. |
Observational-Dx |
148 patients |
To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of computed tomography arthrography (CTA) in the assessment of various shoulder pathologies with arthroscopic correlation. |
The sensitivity, specificity, and agreement were comparable in each imaging study for Bankart, SLAP, and Hill-Sachs lesions, and full-thickness rotator cuff tears, but those of CTA were significantly lower than MRA for partial-thickness cuff tears. The AUROC curve for CTA and MRA were not significantly different for any of the pathologies, except partial-thickness cuff tears. |
2 |
| 17. Omoumi P, Bafort AC, Dubuc JE, Malghem J, Vande Berg BC, Lecouvet FE. Evaluation of rotator cuff tendon tears: comparison of multidetector CT arthrography and 1.5-T MR arthrography. Radiology 2012;264:812-22. |
Observational-Dx |
56 patients |
To compare the diagnostic performance of multidetector computed tomographic (CT) arthrography and 1.5-T magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography in the evaluation of rotator cuff lesions, with arthroscopic correlation. |
There was no statistically significant difference in sensitivity and specificity between CT arthrography and MR arthrography in depiction of rotator cuff lesions. The respective sensitivity and specificity of CT arthrography were 92% and 93%-97% for the supraspinatus, 100% and 77%-79% for the infraspinatus, 75%-88% and 85%-90% for the subscapularis, and 55%-65% and 100% for the biceps tendon. The respective sensitivity and specificity of MR arthrography were 96% and 83%-93% for the supraspinatus, 88%-100% and 81%-83% for the infraspinatus, 75%-88% and 90%-100% for the subscapularis, and 65%-85% and 100% for the biceps tendon. Interobserver agreement was substantial to almost perfect (kappa = 0.744-0.964 for CT arthrography; kappa = 0.641-0.893 for MR arthrography), and intertechnique agreement was almost perfect (kappa > 0.819). CT and MR arthrography both yielded moderate interobserver and intertechnique agreement for measuring rotator cuff tears and grading muscle fatty infiltration. |
2 |
| 18. Lecouvet FE, Simoni P, Koutaissoff S, Vande Berg BC, Malghem J, Dubuc JE. Multidetector spiral CT arthrography of the shoulder. Clinical applications and limits, with MR arthrography and arthroscopic correlations. Eur J Radiol. 2008;68(1):120-136. |
Review/Other-Tx |
N/A |
To illustrate the capabilities and limits of CTA for the study of rotator cuff tears, shoulder instability, cartilage lesions, anatomical variants and abnormalities of the glenoid labrum, with MRA and surgical correlations. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 19. Fitzgerald M, Lawler SM, Lowe JT, Nelson R, Mantell MT, Jawa A. Computed tomography underestimates rotator cuff pathology in patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 27(8):1451-1455, 2018 Aug. |
Observational-Dx |
49 patients |
To determine the sensitivity and specificity of CT in diagnosing full-thickness RCTs and compare the evaluation of fatty infiltration and muscle atrophy on CT vs. MRI in the setting of GHOA. |
CT sensitivity and specificity were 20% and 95.5%, respectively. Fatty infiltration was significantly lower on CT for the supraspinatus (P = .003), infraspinatus (P < .001), and subscapularis (P = .0182), whereas muscle atrophy was significantly lower on CT for only the supraspinatus (P = .0023). |
3 |
| 20. Akbari N, Ozen S, Senlikci HB, Haberal M, Cetin N. Ultrasound-guided versus blind subacromial corticosteroid and local anesthetic injection in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome: A randomized study of efficacy. Jt. dis. relat. surg.. 31(1):115-22, 2020. |
Observational-Dx |
28 patients |
To compare the effects of ultrasound (US)-guided and blind subacromial corticosteroid and local anesthetic (LA) injection in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) on shoulder pain, range of motion (ROM), and functionality. |
There was a significant improvement in VAS for shoulder pain, active ROM, DASH questionnaire score and modified CMS in both groups four weeks after treatment (p<0.05). There was no between-group difference in VAS, ROM or DASH questionnaire scores. Following treatment, the modified CMS in the US-guided injection group was higher than in the blind injection group (p=0.02). However, when the mean change in modified CMS in the US-guided injection group was compared to that of the blind injection group, the difference was insignificant (p=0.23). |
1 |
| 21. Sari A, Eroglu A. Comparison of ultrasound-guided platelet-rich plasma, prolotherapy, and corticosteroid injections in rotator cuff lesions. Journal of Back & Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. 33(3):387-396, 2020. |
Observational-Tx |
129 patients |
To evaluate the efficacy of different injection methods (platelet-rich plasma [PRP], corticosteroid [COR] and prolotherapy [PRO]) in RC tendon lesions. |
In the COR group in the 3rd week, VAS and WORC scores were significantly lower than the other groups (p< 0.01 and p< 0.05 respectively). In the PRP group in the 24th week, VAS and WORC scores were found to be significantly lower than the COR group (p< 0.01 and p< 0.05 respectively). In the COR group in the 3rd week the ASES score was found to be significantly higher than the PRP and PRO group (p< 0.01). |
1 |
| 22. Pourcho AM, Colio SW, Hall MM. Ultrasound-Guided Interventional Procedures About the Shoulder: Anatomy, Indications, and Techniques. [Review]. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 27(3):555-72, 2016 Aug. |
Review/Other-Tx |
N/A |
To review common indications and effective techniques for USG injections about the shoulder. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 23. Fritz B, Del Grande F, Sutter R, Beeler S, Peterson CK, Pfirrmann CWA. Value of MR arthrography findings for pain relief after glenohumeral corticosteroid injections in the short term. European Radiology. 29(12):6416-6424, 2019 Dec. |
Observational-Dx |
212 patients |
To determine the predictive value of MR arthrography findings for pain relief after glenohumeral corticosteroid injection. |
Pain reduction of = 2 points was considered to represent clinically relevant improvement, which was seen in 71% of patients 1 week and in 74% of patients 1 month after glenohumeral injection. Univariate analysis of MR findings showed that signs of adhesive capsulitis and an intact labrum were associated with significantly higher NRS reductions after 1 month in comparison to patients without these findings (median 4 vs. 3, p = 0.007 and 4 vs. 2, p = 0.003, respectively). Multivariate analysis proved both factors to be independent predictors of improved outcome after 1 month (beta = 0.176, p = 0.039 and beta = 0.212, p = 0.001, respectively). |
3 |
| 24. de Jesus JO, Parker L, Frangos AJ, Nazarian LN. Accuracy of MRI, MR arthrography, and ultrasound in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears: a meta-analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2009;192:1701-7. |
Meta-analysis |
65 articles |
To compare the diagnostic accuracy of MRI, MR arthrography, and ultrasound for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears through a meta-analysis of the studies in the literature. |
In diagnosing a full-thickness tear or a partial-thickness rotator cuff tear, MR arthrography is more sensitive and specific than either MRI or ultrasound (p < 0.05). There are no significant differences in either sensitivity or specificity between MRI and ultrasound in the diagnosis of partial- or full-thickness rotator cuff tears (p > 0.05). Summary ROC curves for MR arthrography, MRI, and ultrasound for all tears show the area under the ROC curve is greatest for MR arthrography (0.935), followed by ultrasound (0.889) and then MRI (0.878); however, pairwise comparisons of these curves show no significant differences between MRI and ultrasound (p > 0.05). |
M |
| 25. Hodler J, Kursunoglu-Brahme S, Snyder SJ, et al. Rotator cuff disease: assessment with MR arthrography versus standard MR imaging in 36 patients with arthroscopic confirmation. Radiology. 1992;182(2):431-436. |
Observational-Dx |
36 patients |
To determine the relative diagnostic usefulness of standard proton density and T2-weighted irnages and contrast material-enhanced Ti-weighted sequences (MR anthrogmaphy) in the evaluation of the rotator cuff. |
In 19 rotator cuffs normal at arthroscopy, MR arthrography revealed no tear in 16 patients, a partial tear in one patient, and a full-thickness tear in two patients. Standard proton-density- and T2-weighted images were normal in 15 of these patients and revealed a partial tear in two patients and a full-thickness tear in two patients. In 13 partial tears found at arthroscopy, MR arthrography showed a partial tear in six patients, no tear in five patients, and a full-thickness tear in two patients; standard MR imaging revealed a partial tear in one patient, no tear in 10 patients, and a full-thickness tear in two patients. All four full-thickness tears proved with arthroscopy were correctly diagnosed with both MR imaging methods. |
3 |
| 26. Magee T. 3-T MRI of the shoulder: is MR arthrography necessary? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2009;192:86-92. |
Observational-Dx |
150 patients |
To report the diagnostic sensitivity of 3-T conventional MRI versus MR arthrography of the shoulder in the same patient population. |
Three full-thickness and nine partial-thickness supraspinatus tendon tears, seven SLAP tears, six anterior labral tears, and two posterior labral tears were seen on MR arthrography but not on conventional MRI. All additional MR arthrography findings were confirmed at arthroscopy. On conventional MRI, sensitivities and specificities compared with arthroscopy were as follows: anterior labral tear, 83% sensitivity and 100% specificity; posterior labral tear, 84% and 100%; SLAP tear, 83% and 99%; supraspinatus tendon tear, 92% and 100%; partial-thickness articular surface tear, 68% and 100%; and partial-thickness bursal surface tear, 84% and 100%. On MR arthrography, sensitivities and specificities compared with arthroscopy were as follows: anterior labral tear, 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity; posterior labral tear, 95% and 100%; SLAP tear, 98% and 99%; supraspinatus tendon tear, 100% and 100%; partial-thickness articular surface tear, 97% and 100%; and partial-thickness bursal surface tear, 84% and 100%. MR arthrography showed a statistical improvement in sensitivity (p<0.05) for detection of partial-thickness articular surface supraspinatus tears, anterior labral tears, and SLAP tears at 3 T. |
3 |
| 27. Huang T, Liu J, Ma Y, Zhou D, Chen L, Liu F. Diagnostic accuracy of MRA and MRI for the bursal-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears: a meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery. 14(1):436, 2019 Dec 12. |
Meta-analysis |
12 studies including 1740 patients and 1741 shoulders. |
To compare the diagnostic value of MRA and MRI for the bursal-sided partial-thickness RCTs. |
Twelve studies involving 1740 patients and 1741 shoulders were identified. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR, and AUC of MRA to diagnose bursal-sided partial-thickness RCTs were 0.77 (95% CI, 0.67-0.85), 0.98 (95% CI, 0.95-0.99), 73.01 (95% CI, 35.01-152.26), and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.85-0.91), respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR, and AUC of MRI were 0.77 (95% CI, 0.66-0.86) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.81-0.99), and 37.12 (95% CI, 8.08-170.64) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.78-0.85), respectively. |
Good |
| 28. McCrum E. MR Imaging of the Rotator Cuff. [Review]. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America. 28(2):165-179, 2020 May. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review rotator cuff anatomy and identification of pathologic conditions with MRI. |
No results stated in abstracts. |
4 |
| 29. Liu F, Cheng X, Dong J, Zhou D, Han S, Yang Y. Comparison of MRI and MRA for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears: A meta-analysis. Medicine. 99(12):e19579, 2020 Mar. |
Meta-analysis |
12 studies involving a total of 1030 patients and 1032 shoulders. |
To compare the accuracy of MRI with MRA in detection of rotator cuff tears. |
The results of the analysis showed that MRA has a higher sensitivity and specificity than MRI for the detection of any tear; similar results were observed in the detection of full-thickness tears. However, for the detection of partial-thickness tear, MRI has similar performance with MRA. |
Good |
| 30. Singer AD, Rosenthal J, Umpierrez M, Guo Y, Gonzalez F, Wagner E. A comparison of saline and gadolinium shoulder MR arthrography to arthroscopy. Skeletal Radiology. 49(4):625-633, 2020 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
58 patients included |
To compare the diagnostic performance of saline and gadolinium shoulder magnetic resonance arthrograms (MRA) in the detection of labral and rotator cuff injury compared to arthroscopy. |
The accuracy of saline MRA was similar compared to gadolinium MRA in the diagnosis of tears of the supraspinatus (accuracy 0.88 vs 0.74, respectively) and infraspinatus (accuracy 0.88 vs 0.65, respectively) tendons and tears of the anterior/anterior inferior, posterior, and superior labrum, (accuracy 0.79 vs 0.76, 0.71 vs 0.62, and 0.58 vs 0.56), and saline vs gadolinium, respectively. |
3 |
| 31. Helms CA, McGonegle SJ, Vinson EN, Whiteside MB. Magnetic resonance arthrography of the shoulder: accuracy of gadolinium versus saline for rotator cuff and labral pathology. Skeletal Radiol. 40(2):197-203, 2011 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
100 MRA examinations. |
To evaluate the necessity of intra-articular gadolinium versus saline alone in magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) of the shoulder. |
Of the 100 MRA examinations, there were 15 discordant cases. Two cases were discordant with regard to rotator cuff pathology and 13 were discordant on the basis of labral pathology. When the discordant cases were reviewed in consensus, the T2W images appeared to display rotator cuff and labral pathology as definitively as the T1W images. Interobserver and intraobserver variability was favored to have played a role in causing the discordances. |
3 |
| 32. Lee SY, Lee JK. Horizontal component of partial-thickness tears of rotator cuff: imaging characteristics and comparison of ABER view with oblique coronal view at MR arthrography initial results. Radiology. 2002;224(2):470-476. |
Observational-Dx |
16 patients |
To determine the characteristics of horizontal components of partial-thickness tears of the rotator cuff at magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography and to determine whether use of the abduction and external rotation (ABER) position improved detection of a horizontal component in partial-thickness tears. |
A horizontal component (24 lesions; one tendon involved in eight patients and two tendons involved in eight patients) was observed in 100% of the lesions on ABER views and in 21% of the lesions (n = 5) on oblique coronal images. The mean length of the horizontal components, measured on ABER views, was 1.9 cm (range, 0.6-4.5 cm). Thirteen (54%) of the 24 lesions were classified as grade I (<3 mm) in depth, four (17%) were classified as grade II (3-6 mm), and seven (29%) were classified as grade III (>6 mm). Articular separation sites with a flap lesion were visualized in 15 (62%) of 24 lesions on ABER views. |
3 |
| 33. Roger B, Skaf A, Hooper AW, Lektrakul N, Yeh L, Resnick D. Imaging findings in the dominant shoulder of throwing athletes: comparison of radiography, arthrography, CT arthrography, and MR arthrography with arthroscopic correlation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1999;172(5):1371-1380. |
Observational-Dx |
17 patients |
To compare conventional radiography, arthrography, CT arthrography, and MR arthrography--including use of the abduction and external rotation position--with arthroscopic correlation, to determine the spectrum of abnormalities encountered and the relative benefits of each imaging method in the evaluation of shoulder lesions occurring in 17 throwing athletes. |
Structures found to be affected were, in decreasing order of frequency, the following: the posterosuperior labrum, supraspinatus tendon, infraspinatus tendon, humeral head, glenoid cavity and rim, acromioclavicular joint, anteroinferior capsulolabral complex, biceps tendon, and subscapularis tendon. MR arthrography without and with abduction and external rotation yielded the highest sensitivity and specificity for all lesions with the exceptions of bone sclerosis and enthesophytes (which were best seen with CT arthrography). MR arthrography with abduction and external rotation was most accurate for diagnosis of rotator cuff and anteroinferior capsulolabral complex tears. |
3 |
| 34. Bergin D, Schweitzer ME. Indirect magnetic resonance arthrography. [Review] [29 refs]. Skeletal Radiol. 32(10):551-8, 2003 Oct. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the established and potential uses of indirect magnetic resonance arthrography and the pathology that is demonstrated by this technique. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 35. Lee JH, Yoon YC, Jung JY, Yoo JC. Rotator cuff tears noncontrast MRI compared to MR arthrography. Skeletal Radiol. 44(12):1745-54, 2015 Dec. |
Observational-Dx |
333 patients |
To compare the accuracy of indirect magnetic resonance arthrography and noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosing rotator cuff tears. |
Sensitivity for diagnosing articular-surface partial-thickness supraspinatus-infraspinatus tendon tear was slightly higher in group B than in group A. Statistical significance was confirmed by multivariate analysis using the generalized estimating equation (p = 0.046). The specificity for diagnosing subscapularis tendon tear (85% vs. 68%, p = 0.012) and grading accuracy (57% vs. 40%, p = 0.005) was higher in group B than in group A; the differences were statistically significant for one out of two readers. Univariate analysis using the generalized estimating equation showed that the accuracy for diagnosing subscapularis tendon tear in group B was higher than in group A (p = 0.042). |
2 |
| 36. Lee JH, Yoon YC, Jee S. Diagnostic performance of indirect MR arthrography for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears at 3.0 T. Acta Radiol. 56(6):720-6, 2015 Jun. |
Observational-Dx |
149 patients. |
To assess the diagnostic performance of indirect fast spin-echo (FSE) MR arthrography for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears at 3.0 T. |
The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of readers I and II for the diagnosis of SSP-ISP tendon tears were 94% and 95%, 89% and 85%, and 93% and 93%, respectively. The sensitivity of imaging for detection of SSP-ISP tendon tears by readers I and II were 100% and 100% for full-thickness tears and 84% and 86% for partial-thickness tears, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of readers I and II for the diagnosis of SSC tendon tears were 80% and 76%, 89% and 93%, and 85% and 85%, respectively. |
2 |
| 37. Kneeland JB, Middleton WD, Carrera GF, et al. MR imaging of the shoulder: diagnosis of rotator cuff tears. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987;149(2):333-337. |
Observational-Dx |
25 patients |
To present the results of MR imaging of 25 patients with suspected rotator cuff tears on whom arthrography or surgery was performed. |
MR visualized abnormalities consistent with a tear in 20 of the 22 tears diagnosed by arthrography or surgery. In most cases, tears were seen as regions of increased signal intensity within the cuff on long-TR pulse sequences, although two cases simply showed an almost complete absence of normal cuff. The MR appearance of the two cases with partial tears was similar to that of full-thickness tears. Of the four cases with normal arthrograms, one case had MR findings consistent with a tear. |
3 |
| 38. Teefey SA, Rubin DA, Middleton WD, Hildebolt CF, Leibold RA, Yamaguchi K. Detection and quantification of rotator cuff tears. Comparison of ultrasonographic, magnetic resonance imaging, and arthroscopic findings in seventy-one consecutive cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86-A(4):708-716. |
Observational-Dx |
124 patients |
To compare the accuracy of the two tests for detection and measurement of the size of rotator cuff tears, with arthroscopic findings used as the standard. |
Ultrasonography correctly identified forty-five of the forty-six full-thickness tears and magnetic resonance imaging, all forty-six. Ultrasonography correctly identified thirteen of the nineteen partial-thickness rotator cuff tears and magnetic resonance imaging, twelve of the nineteen. The overall accuracy for both imaging tests was 87%. Ultrasonography correctly predicted the degree of retraction of 73% of the full-thickness tears and the length of 85% of the partial-thickness tears, and magnetic resonance imaging correctly predicted the retraction and length of 63% and 75%, respectively. Ultrasonography correctly predicted the width of 87% of the full-thickness tears and 54% of the partial-thickness tears, and magnetic resonance imaging correctly predicted the width of 80% and 75%, respectively. No significant differences between ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging were demonstrated (p > 0.05). |
2 |
| 39. Zlatkin MB, Iannotti JP, Roberts MC, et al. Rotator cuff tears: diagnostic performance of MR imaging. Radiology. 1989;172(1):223-229. |
Observational-Dx |
32 patients including 8 asymptomatic volunteers |
To determine the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of suspected rotator cuff tears. |
The sensitivity of MR imaging for all tears (partial and full thickness) was 0.91, and the specificity was 0.88; whereas the sensitivity and specificity of arthrography were each 0.71. The scoring system improved the sensitivity to 1.0 and the specificity to 0.92. Linear regression analysis showed excellent correlation between preoperative assessment of the size of rotator cuff tears and measurement at surgery (r = .95). |
3 |
| 40. Kim JY, Park JS, Rhee YG. Can Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predict the Reparability of Massive Rotator Cuff Tears?. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 45(7):1654-1663, 2017 Jun. |
Observational-Dx |
105 patients |
To assess the association between factors identified on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), especially infraspinatus fatty infiltration, and the reparability of massive RCTs. |
Reparability was associated with fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus ( P = .0045) and infraspinatus ( P < .001) muscles, the tangent sign ( P = .0033), and the Patte classification ( P < .001) but not with fatty infiltration of the subscapularis and teres minor ( P = .425 and .132, respectively). The cut-off values for supraspinatus and infraspinatus fatty infiltration were grade >3 and grade >2, respectively. The examination of single variables revealed that infraspinatus fatty infiltration showed the highest AUC value (0.812; sensitivity: 0.86; specificity: 0.76), while the tangent sign showed the lowest AUC value (0.626; sensitivity: 0.38; specificity: 0.87). Among 2-variable combinations, the combination of infraspinatus fatty infiltration and the Patte classification showed the highest AUC value (0.874; sensitivity: 0.54; specificity: 0.96). The combination of 4 variables, that is, infraspinatus and supraspinatus fatty infiltration, the tangent sign, and the Patte classification, had an AUC of 0.866 (sensitivity: 0.28; specificity: 0.98), which was lower than the highest AUC value (0.874; sensitivity: 0.54; specificity: 0.96) among the 2-variable combinations. |
3 |
| 41. Jung SW, Jin JW, Kim DH, et al. Diagnostic value of the axial view of magnetic resonance imaging to identify two-dimensional shapes of full-thickness rotator cuff tears. Acta Radiologica. 61(11):1545-1552, 2020 Nov. |
Observational-Dx |
166 patients. |
To correlate the preoperative axial MRI views and arthroscopic surgical findings to identify the two-dimensional shapes in rotator cuff tears. |
The agreement of axial MRI views with the arthroscopic view was 88.0% in crescent, 97.2% in longitudinal, 78.6% in massive, and 100% in rotator cuff tear arthropathy. The mean agreement rate of axial MRI views with arthroscopic view was 81.9%. Mean mediolateral and anteroposterior tear sizes on axial MRI were 16.68 mm and 19.33 mm, respectively. Mean mediolateral and anteroposterior tear sizes by arthroscopic view were 21.49 mm and 21.04 mm, respectively. Tear sizes by MRI axial images were 71.3% of arthroscopic view. SST/IST degenerative changes were noted in most patients with massive tears and rotator cuff arthropathy (P = 0.001). |
3 |
| 42. Bureau NJ, Dussault RG, Keats TE. Imaging of bursae around the shoulder joint. Skeletal Radiol. 1996;25(6):513-517. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the anatomy of the major bursae around the shoulder joint and discuss the use of the different imaging modalities which demonstrate their radiologic features. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 43. Mayerhoefer ME, Breitenseher MJ, Roposch A, Treitl C, Wurnig C. Comparison of MRI and conventional radiography for assessment of acromial shape. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184(2):671-675. |
Observational-Dx |
61 patients |
To determine the value of different MRI planes independently and in combination for assessment of acromial shape. |
Kappa coefficients were 0.36 (36%) for S-1, 0.41 (41%) for S-2, and -0.10 (-10%) for S-3. For the outlet view radiographs, the kappa coefficient was 0.55 (55%), showing better correlation than any single slice position. Best results, however, were achieved with a combination of S-1 and S-2, with a kappa coefficient of 0.66 (66%). |
3 |
| 44. Chernchujit B, Kanokvaleewong C, Parate P, Boontanapibul K, Arirachakaran A, Kongtharvonskul J. A new method for measurement of the size of subacromial spurs of the shoulder by cassette tilt view. Eur. j. orthop. surg. traumatol.. 29(3):553-558, 2019 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
43 patients |
To examine a cassette tilt view can be used to evaluate the size of a subacromial spur. |
The size of the spurs from intraoperative measurement was not significantly different from the spur size measured using the cassette tilt view with a mean difference of 0.54 (95% confidence interval (CI): - 0.58, 1.65), but the intraoperative measurement was significantly different from the Rockwood view spur measurement, with a mean difference of 2.84 (95% CI: 1.56, 4.11). Average proportions of the size of the spur from the cassette tilt and Rockwood view compared to that from intraoperative measurements were 1.09 and 1.55, respectively. |
3 |
| 45. Vlychou M, Dailiana Z, Fotiadou A, Papanagiotou M, Fezoulidis IV, Malizos K. Symptomatic partial rotator cuff tears: diagnostic performance of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging with surgical correlation. Acta Radiol. 2009;50(1):101-105. |
Observational-Dx |
56 patients |
To apply ultrasound (US) imaging in order to evaluate the prevalence of partial rotator cuff tears in patients with painful shoulders. |
Arthroscopy or mini-open surgery revealed 53 cases with partial tears of the rotator cuff and three with extensive tendinopathy. Both imaging modalities detected successfully 44 cases of partial tears of the supraspinatus tendon. US imaging yielded a sensitivity of 95.6%, a specificity of 70%, an accuracy of 91%, and a positive predictive accuracy of 93.6%. The corresponding values for MRI were 97.7%, 63.6%, 91%, and 91.7%, respectively. |
2 |
| 46. Toprak U, Turkoglu S, Aydogan C, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in subscapularis tendon abnormalities and the importance of operator experience. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica. 54(4):423-429, 2020 Jul. |
Observational-Dx |
78 patients |
To investigate the reasons behind the compliance, diagnostic success, and failure of ultrasound (US) examinations of two radiologists with reference to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the abnormalities of subscapularis (SSC) tendon, including tendinosis. |
The inter-operator agreement on the US findings was moderate. The US-MRI compliance was fair for operator-1, but substantial for operator-2. The circumferential soft tissue thickness and US-MRI compliance were not correlated (p>0.05). The interobserver agreement in US was moderate (K: 0.415). The US-MRI compliance was fair for operator-1 (K: 0.344) and substantial for operator-2 (K: 0.616). The accuracy rates for the differentiation of normal tendon, tendinosis, PT, and FT were 59%, 75%, 72%, and 100%, respectively, for operator-1 and 87%, 83%, 85%, and 100%, respectively, for operator-2. However, the respective sensitivity of operator-1 was 46%, 19%, 44%, and 100%; and operator-2 was 91%, 67%, 82%, and 100%. The diagnostic performance of operator-1 was lower, except for FT. |
1 |
| 47. Liang W, Wu H, Dong F, Tian H, Xu J. Diagnostic performance of ultrasound for rotator cuff tears: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medical Ultrasonography. 22(2):197-202, 2020 May 11. |
Meta-analysis |
7 studies that covered 554 rotator cuff tears in 868 patients. |
To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound in diagnosing rotator cuff tears. |
No results stated in abstract. |
Good |
| 48. Park BK, Hong SH, Jeong WK. Effectiveness of Ultrasound in Evaluation of Fatty Infiltration in Rotator Cuff Muscles. Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery. 12(1):76-85, 2020 Mar. |
Observational-Dx |
108 shoulders |
To verify the diagnostic performance of Ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of fatty infiltration (FI) in rotator cuff muscles and to analyze the diagnostic values of each measurement component. |
US grading of the infraspinatus based on short-axis architecture showed good agreement (? = 0.62). US grading-based on architecture showed good agreement for both supraspinatus and infraspinatus in long- and short-axis scans (supraspinatus, ? = 0.63; infraspinatus, ? = 0.68), while that based on echogenicity showed moderate agreement (supraspinatus, ? = 0.51; infraspinatus, ? = 0.50). |
2 |
| 49. Okoroha KR, Mehran N, Duncan J, et al. Characterization of Rotator Cuff Tears: Ultrasound Versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Orthopedics. 40(1):e124-e130, 2017 Jan 01. |
Observational-Dx |
61 patients |
To compare the characterization of rotator cuff tears by ultrasound and MRI in terms of size, muscle atrophy, and fatty infiltration in surgical patients. |
Three musculoskeletal radiologists evaluated each ultrasound and MRI in a randomized and blinded fashion on 2 separate occasions. Tear size, retraction status, muscle atrophy, and fatty infiltration were analyzed and compared between the 2 modalities. Ultrasound measurements were statistically smaller in both tear size (P=.001) and retraction status (P=.001) compared with MRI. |
2 |
| 50. Soker G, Gulek B, Soker E, et al. Sonographic assessment of subacromial bursa distension during arm abduction: establishing a threshold value in the diagnosis of subacromial impingement syndrome. J Med Ultrason (2001). 45(2):287-294, 2018 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
45 patients |
To establish a quantitative threshold value in the diagnosis of subacromial impingement syndrome by measuring the thickness of the subacromial bursa during abduction and adduction. |
The mean subacromial bursa thickness in the abduction position was 1.8 ± 1.1 mm in the study group and 0.9 ± 0.3 mm in the control group. The mean subacromial bursa thickness in the adduction position was 0.9 ± 0.5 mm in the study group and 0.8 ± 0.3 mm in the control group. The subacromial impingement ratio showed a statistically significant difference between groups (p < 0.0001), and the ratio being 2.0 ± 0.5 in the study group and 1.2 ± 0.1 in the control group. For measurements performed in the abduction position, the best cut-off value was calculated as 1.3 mm, and sensitivity and specificity were 70.6 and 85.2%, respectively. The best cut-off value was 1.4 for the subacromial impingement ratio, and sensitivity and specificity were 88.2 and 96.3%, respectively. |
3 |
| 51. Breidahl WH, Newman JS, Taljanovic MS, Adler RS. Power Doppler sonography in the assessment of musculoskeletal fluid collections. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1996;166(6):1443-1446. |
Review/Other-Dx |
39 patients |
To evaluate the ability of power Doppler sonography to differentiate musculoskeletal fluid collections of varying etiologies. |
Adjacent to 36 effusions and fluid collections, we saw moderate or marked hyperemia. Thirty-five of the 36 had an inflammatory or neoplastic cause, including 15 infected collections. One fluid collection had a degenerative etiology (subdeltoid bursitis secondary to supraspinatus tendon tear). Adjacent to the seven remaining effusions and fluid collections, we saw normal or mildly increased hyperemia; none of these collections had an inflammatory etiology. |
4 |
| 52. Kalayci CB, Kizilkaya E. Calcific tendinitis: intramuscular and intraosseous migration. Diagnostic & Interventional Radiology. 25(6):480-484, 2019 Nov. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To illustrate the imaging findings of intramuscular and intraosseous migration. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 53. Farin PU. Consistency of rotator-cuff calcifications. Observations on plain radiography, sonography, computed tomography, and at needle treatment. Invest Radiol. 1996;31(5):300-304. |
Observational-Dx |
20 patients |
To analyze findings of consistency of rotator-cuff calcifications found at ultrasound (US)-guided needle treatment compared with findings of plain radiography, US, and computed tomography (CT). |
At needle treatments, 45% (9 of 20) of the calcifications were soft or nearly liquid, and 55% (11 of 20) were hard. On plain radiographs, 67% (6 of 9) were as soft and 64% (7 of 11) as hard. On sonograms, 77% (7 of 9) were soft and 82% (9 of 11) were hard. On CT images, 77% (7 of 9) were soft and 91% (10 of 11) were hard; CT attenuation values were 77% (7 of 9) and 91% (10 of 11), respectively. |
4 |
| 54. Arirachakaran A, Boonard M, Yamaphai S, Prommahachai A, Kesprayura S, Kongtharvonskul J. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy, ultrasound-guided percutaneous lavage, corticosteroid injection and combined treatment for the treatment of rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy: a network meta-analysis of RCTs. [Review]. Eur. j. orthop. surg. traumatol.. 27(3):381-390, 2017 Apr. |
Meta-analysis |
7 studies |
To compare clinical outcomes of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), ultrasound-guided percutaneous lavage (UGPL or barbotage), subacromial corticosteroid injection (SAI) and combined treatment. |
ESWT significantly improved CMS and VAS when compared to placebo. Barbotage plus ESWT significantly improved CMS, VAS and decreased size of calcium deposit when compared to ESWT, while barbotage plus SAI significantly improved CMS and decreased size of calcium deposit when compared to SAI. There have no different adverse effects of all treatment groups. Multiple active treatment comparisons indicated that barbotage plus SAI significantly improved VAS and size of calcium deposit when compared to other groups, while barbotage plus SAI improved CMS when compared to other groups. But there was no significant difference. The network meta-analysis suggested that combined US-guided needling and subacromial corticosteroid injection significantly decreased shoulder pain VAS, improved CMS score and decreased the size of calcium deposits, while also lowering risks of adverse event when compared to barbotage plus ESWT, ESWT and subacromial corticosteroid injection. |
Good |
| 55. De Zordo T, Ahmad N, Odegaard F, et al. US-guided therapy of calcific tendinopathy: clinical and radiological outcome assessment in shoulder and non-shoulder tendons. Ultraschall Med. 32 Suppl 1:S117-23, 2011 Jan. |
Observational-Tx |
40 patients |
To analyze the effectiveness and complication rate of ultrasound (US)-guided perforation and lavage using a two-needle technique with 16 - 18 G needles in the treatment of patients with calcific tendinopathy in the shoulder, elbow, hip, and knee by radiological and clinical follow-up. |
34 shoulder tendons and 6 non-shoulder tendons were identified. The mean calcium reduction was 39.9 mm(2) (range, 0 - 215; p < 0.001), while 80 % of patient showed a resolution of more than 60 % resulting in good clinical improvement. A very low complication rate was found (1 partial tear). |
2 |
| 56. Lanza E, Piccoli F, Intrieri C, et al. US-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy of the rotator cuff in patients with or without previous external shockwave therapy. Radiologia Medica. 126(1):117-123, 2021 Jan. |
Observational-Tx |
70 patients |
To compare the outcome of US-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy (US-PICT) of the rotator cuff in patients with or without previous external shockwave therapy (ESWT). |
No treatment-related complications were observed. Follow-up was averagely 14.4 months (median = 11.6, SD = 11.9, range 1-45); 37 patients had a follow-up shorter than 12 months (1-11.6); 35 patients were visited after more than 1 year (12.2-45.6, Table W). Before treatment, the mean CMS was 35 (SD = 21); after treatment, it reached 75.4, with an average CMS improvement of 40.3 points (SD = 23.7, p < 0.001). The comparison of improvement between the ESWT and non-ESWT group yielded no significant difference (p = 0.3). |
2 |
| 57. Louwerens JKG, Sierevelt IN, Kramer ET, et al. Comparing Ultrasound-Guided Needling Combined With a Subacromial Corticosteroid Injection Versus High-Energy Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy for Calcific Tendinitis of the Rotator Cuff: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arthroscopy. 36(7):1823-1833.e1, 2020 07. |
Observational-Tx |
81 patients |
To compare clinical and radiographic outcomes after treatment with standardized high-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) and ultrasound-guided needling (UGN) in patients with symptomatic calcific tendinitis of the rotator cuff who were nonresponsive to conservative treatment. |
At 1-year follow-up, the UGN group showed similar results as the ESWT group with regard to the change from baseline CMS (20.9 vs 15.7; P = .23), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (-20.1 vs -20.7; P = .78), and visual analog scale for pain (-3.9 and -2.6; P = .12). The mean calcification size decreased by 13 ± 3.9 mm in the UGN group and 6.7 ± 8.2 mm in the ESWT group (<P = .001). In total, 22% of the UGN and 41% of the ESWT patients received an additional treatment during follow-up because of persistent symptoms. |
1 |
| 58. Milman E, Pierce TP, Issa K, et al. Ultrasound-Guided Calcium Debridement of the Shoulder Joint: A Case Series. Surg Technol Int. 33:308-311, 2018 Nov 11. |
Observational-Tx |
38 patients |
To assess the outcomes of those who underwent an ultrasound-guided debridement of the deposits. |
The mean DASH score improved from 21 to 10 points (p=0.0001). Additionally, mean UCLA score increased from 2 to 7 points (p=0.0001). Furthermore, the mean reported VAS improved from 8 to 1.6 (p=0.0001). Ninety-seven percent of patients reported being satisfied. There were no reported complications in our cohort. |
2 |
| 59. Yoo JC, Koh KH, Park WH, Park JC, Kim SM, Yoon YC. The outcome of ultrasound-guided needle decompression and steroid injection in calcific tendinitis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2010;19(4):596-600. |
Observational-Tx |
30 patients |
To document preliminarily clinical and radiographic results of ultrasound (US)-guided fine needle decompression and subacromial steroid injection in patients with calcific tendinitis of the shoulder. |
At 6 months after the index procedure, 25 shoulders (71.4%) showed ASES and Constant score improvements from 48.0 and 53.7 to 84.6 and 87.9, respectively (P < .01). Ten shoulders (28.6%) showed no symptom relief at the last follow-up. In shoulders with pain improvement, the mean size of calcific deposits reduced from 13.6 to 5.6 mm (P < .01), and in shoulders with no pain improvement or that underwent operation, mean size was 13.1 mm at initial visits and 12.7 mm at final visits (P = .75). |
2 |
| 60. Zhang T, Duan Y, Chen J, Chen X. Efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous lavage for rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. 98(21):e15552, 2019 May. |
Meta-analysis |
8 RCTs with 617 cases. |
To compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided percutaneous lavage with other techniques in the treatment of rotator cuff calcific tendinopathy. |
There were significant differences between the UGPL and ESWT group in 12-month follow-up VAS, constant shoulder score (CSS), the average particle size of the calcium deposition, and the calcification disappearance rate. However, there was no significant difference in complication between 2 groups. |
Good |
| 61. Gatt DL, Charalambous CP. Ultrasound-guided barbotage for calcific tendonitis of the shoulder: a systematic review including 908 patients. [Review]. Arthroscopy. 30(9):1166-72, 2014 Sep. |
Review/Other-Dx |
13 articles with a total of 908 patients. |
To assess the outcomes and complications of ultrasound-guided barbotage (repeated injection and aspiration) for calcific tendonitis of the shoulder. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 62. Sconfienza LM, Bandirali M, Serafini G, et al. Rotator cuff calcific tendinitis: does warm saline solution improve the short-term outcome of double-needle US-guided treatment?. Radiology. 262(2):560-6, 2012 Feb. |
Experimental-Tx |
462 patients |
To determine whether saline temperature influences procedure performance and outcome in patients undergoing ultrasonography (US)-guided lavage for the treatment of rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT). |
Procedure duration was significantly shorter (P<.001) in patients treated with warm saline (mean, 576 seconds±121) than in those treated with room-temperature saline (mean, 777 seconds±151). Calcium dissolution was significantly easier in patients treated with warm saline (median score, 1) than in those treated with room-temperature saline (median score, 2). Subgroup analysis according to calcification appearance at US showed a significant difference between groups for both soft (P=.003) and hard (P<.001) calcifications. No overall significant differences were found for VAS score (warm saline group: baseline=8.9±0.6, 1 month=4.7±0.6, 2 months=4.0±0.7, 3 months=3.4±0.4, 1 year=3.0±0.7; room-temperature saline group: baseline=9.2±0.4, 1 month=4.5±0.7, 2 months=4.1±0.9, 3 months=3.1±0.7, 1 year=3.2±0.8; P=.491). Postprocedural bursitis was observed in eight patients in the warm saline group and 20 in the room-temperature saline group (P<.022). |
1 |
| 63. Orlandi D, Mauri G, Lacelli F, et al. Rotator Cuff Calcific Tendinopathy: Randomized Comparison of US-guided Percutaneous Treatments by Using One or Two Needles. Radiology. 285(2):518-527, 2017 11. |
Observational-Tx |
211 patients. |
To determine whether the use of one or two needles influences procedure performance and patient outcomes for ultrasonography (US)-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy. |
No difference in procedure duration was seen overall (P = .060). Procedure duration was shorter with the double-needle procedure in hard calcifications (P < .001) and with the single-needle procedure in fluid calcifications (P = .024). Ease of calcium dissolution was not different between single- and double-needle procedures, both overall and when considering calcification appearance (P > .089). No clinical differences were found (Constant scores for single-needle group: baseline, 55 ± 7; 1 month, 69 ± 7; 3 month, 90 ± 5; 1 year, 92 ± 4; double-needle group: 57 ± 6; 71 ± 9; 89 ± 7; 92 ± 4, respectively; P = .241). In the single-needle group, nine of 100 cases (9%) of postprocedural bursitis were seen, whereas four of 111 cases (3.6%) were seen in the double-needle group (P = .180). |
1 |
| 64. Darrieutort-Laffite C, Varin S, Coiffier G, et al. Are corticosteroid injections needed after needling and lavage of calcific tendinitis? Randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 78(6):837-843, 2019 06. |
Experimental-Tx |
132 patients . |
To determine whether saline solution was non-inferior to steroids in the prevention of acute pain reactions in the week following UGPL. |
The estimated mean difference in the first week's maximal pain between these two groups was 11.76 (95% CI 3.78 to 19.75). Steroids significantly improved VAS pain at rest and during activities, as well as function at 7 days and 6 weeks. They did not change the rate of calcification resorption, which occurred in 83% and 74% of patients at 12 months in the saline and steroid groups. |
1 |
| 65. Dumoulin N, Cormier G, Varin S, et al. Factors Associated With Clinical Improvement and the Disappearance of Calcifications After Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Lavage of Rotator Cuff Calcific Tendinopathy: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 49(4):883-891, 2021 03. |
Observational-Tx |
132 patients. |
To study the clinical, procedural, and radiological characteristics associated with improved shoulder function and the disappearance of calcification on radiograph after UGPL. |
Good clinical outcomes at 3 months were associated with steroid injections after the procedure (odd ratio [OR], 3.143; 95% CI, 1.105-8.94). At 6 months, good clinical evolution was associated with a lower DASH score at 3 months (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.890-0.956) and calcium extraction (OR, 10.7; 95% CI, 1.791-63.927). A lower DASH at 6 months was also associated with a long-term favorable outcome at 12 months (OR, 0.939; 95% CI, 0.912-0.966). Disappearance of calcification at 3 and 12 months occurred more frequently in patients in whom communication was created between the calcification and the subacromial bursa during the procedure (OR, 2.728 [95% CI, 1.194-6.234] at 3 months; OR, 9.835 [95% CI, 1.977-48.931] at 12 months). |
2 |
| 66. Vassalou EE, Klontzas ME, Plagou AP, Karantanas AH. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy: redefining predictors of treatment outcome. Eur Radiol. 31(4):2634-2643, 2021 Apr. |
Review/Other-Dx |
79 patients. |
To identify prognostic factors affecting the clinical outcome in patients treated with rotator cuff ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy (US-PICT), by evaluating the degree of calcium removal, the size and consistency of calcific deposits, and baseline level of shoulder pain and functionality. |
Pain improvement correlated with the presence of larger calcifications and lower baseline VAS score, at 1 week (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively) and 1 year (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively). Improved functionality correlated with total calcification retrieval, higher baseline CS, and fluid/soft calcific consistency at 1 week (p = 0.013, p = 0.003, p = 0.019, respectively). |
4 |
| 67. Klontzas ME, Vassalou EE, Karantanas AH. Calcific tendinopathy of the shoulder with intraosseous extension: outcomes of ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation. Skeletal Radiology. 46(2):201-208, 2017 Feb. |
Observational-Tx |
45 patients |
To evaluate the outcome of ultrasound-guided percutaneous irrigation of calcific tendinopathy (US-PICT) in patients with intraosseous involvement. |
Mean improvement scores of group A were significantly lower than those of group B at all time points (p < 0.0001). Improvement of group B was noted mainly within the first 3 months post-treatment (p = 0.016). |
2 |
| 68. Brinkman JC, Zaw TM, Fox MG, et al. Calcific Tendonitis of the Shoulder: Protector or Predictor of Cuff Pathology? A Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based Study. Arthroscopy. 36(4):983-990, 2020 04. |
Review/Other-Dx |
318 shoulders with calcific tendonitis. |
To assess the incidence of rotator cuff tears in cases of calcific tendonitis and evaluate for differences in the incidences of rotator cuff tears by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between calcific lesions of different morphology, size, or location. |
In the final cohort of 318 shoulders with calcific tendonitis, the incidence of concomitant rotator cuff tears was 56%. Of all 177 tears, 164 (93%) were partial-thickness and 13 (7%) were complete. Type III calcification morphology (cloudy with soft contour) was most frequently associated with rotator cuff tears and demonstrated an increased odds of tear by a factor of 1.8 (CI95% 1.1-2.9).There was no statistical difference regarding calcification size or location prognosticating rotator cuff tears or tear thickness. Intraclass correlation coefficients for calcification size, morphology, and location were 0.78, 0.30, and 0.50, respectively. |
4 |
| 69. Sill AP, Zaw T, Flug JA, et al. Calcific Tendinosis Reduces Diagnostic Performance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Detection of Rotator Cuff Tears. Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography. 46(2):219-223, 2022 Mar-Apr 01. |
Observational-Dx |
Forty-eight MRI and 7 MRA patients |
To investigate the effect of calcific tendinosis on the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears (RCTs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA). |
Reader 1 and reader 2 sensitivity/specificity values for RCTs on MRI were 95%/50% and 89%/30%, and the values on MRA were 100%/67% and 100%/100%, respectively. Overall agreement was present in 87% (48 of 55; ? = 0.55 [95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.85]). |
2 |
| 70. Flemming DJ, Murphey MD, Shekitka KM, Temple HT, Jelinek JJ, Kransdorf MJ. Osseous involvement in calcific tendinitis: a retrospective review of 50 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;181(4):965-972. |
Review/Other-Dx |
50 patients |
to describe the spectrum of radiologic and pathologic manifestations of calcific tendinitis involving bone. |
The average age of patients was 50 years (range, 16-82 years), with 29 female patients (58%). Calcific tendinitis with associated bone involvement was seen most commonly in the femur (40%) and the humerus (40%). Concretions were most commonly solid-appearing (50%). Cortical erosion was the most common manifestation of osseous involvement (78% of cases). Marrow involvement was shown in 18 (36%) of 50 cases. Marrow extension was most commonly seen in the lesser and greater tuberosities of the humerus, which accounted for 61% (11/18) of cases. Focal increased radionuclide uptake was seen in 13 (100%) of 13 cases. CONCLUSION: Calcific tendinitis presenting with osseous destruction, marrow changes, and soft-tissue calcifications may be confused with neoplasm both radiologically and pathologically. |
4 |
| 71. Albano D, Coppola A, Gitto S, Rapisarda S, Messina C, Sconfienza LM. Imaging of calcific tendinopathy around the shoulder: usual and unusual presentations and common pitfalls. [Review]. Radiol Med (Torino). 126(4):608-619, 2021 Apr. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To illustrate the usual and unusual imaging findings of RCCT that radiologists should know to reach the correct diagnosis and to exclude other entities with the purpose of preventing further unnecessary imaging examinations or interventional procedures. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 72. Acid S, Le Corroller T, Aswad R, Pauly V, Champsaur P. Preoperative imaging of anterior shoulder instability: diagnostic effectiveness of MDCT arthrography and comparison with MR arthrography and arthroscopy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012;198:661-7. |
Observational-Dx |
40 patients |
To assess the diagnostic effectiveness of MDCT arthrography in the preoperative planning of anterior shoulder instability compared with MR arthrography and arthroscopy. |
In detecting glenoid rim fractures, MDCT arthrography had a sensitivity of 100% (12/12), a specificity of 96% (27/28), and better agreement with surgery (kappa = 0.94) than did MR arthrography (kappa = 0.74). For the depiction of glenoid cartilage lesions, MDCT arthrography had a sensitivity of 82% (18/22), a specificity of 89% (16/18), and slightly better agreement with surgery (kappa = 0.70) than did MR arthrography (kappa = 0.66). In identifying anterior labral periosteal sleeve avulsion lesions, MDCT arthrography had a sensitivity of 93% (26/28), a specificity of 100% (12/12), and better agreement with surgery (kappa = 0.89) than did MR arthrography (kappa = 0.74). For the diagnosis of humeral avulsion of the inferior glenohumeral ligament lesions, MDCT arthrography had a sensitivity and a specificity of 100% (2/2) and better agreement with surgery (kappa = 1) than did MR arthrography (kappa = 0.79). |
2 |
| 73. Magee T. Imaging of the post-operative shoulder: does injection of iodinated contrast in addition to MR contrast during arthrography improve diagnostic accuracy and patient throughput?. Skeletal Radiol. 47(9):1253-1261, 2018 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
100 patients. |
To assess MR versus MR arthrography versus CT arthrography in the post-operative shoulder. |
Of these 100 patients, 35 had SLAP (superior labral anterior to posterior) tears, 22 had posterior labral tears, 24 had anterior labral tears, and 46 had full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tears on conventional MR exam. On MR arthrography, 48 patients had SLAP tears, 26 had posterior labral tears, 27 had anterior labral tears, and 54 had full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tears. MR arthrogram detected 12 SLAP tears, three posterior labral tears, three anterior labral tears, and nine supraspinatus tendon tears not detected on conventional MR exam. Twenty-two patients had additional imaging performed with CT arthrography due to metallic artifacts precluding MR assessment of shoulder pathology. There were four SLAP tears, six posterior labral tears, five anterior labral tears, and five supraspinatus tendon tear seen on CT arthrography not seen on MR exam. |
3 |
| 74. Nashikkar PS, Rhee SM, Desai CV, Oh JH. Is Anatomical Healing Essential for Better Clinical Outcome in Type II SLAP Repair? Clinico-Radiological Outcome after Type II SLAP Repair. Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery. 10(3):358-367, 2018 Sep. |
Observational-Tx |
43 patients |
To assess the failure rate of anatomical healing after arthroscopic repair of SLAP lesions using computed tomography arthrography (CTA), investigate correlation of the rate with clinical outcomes, and identify prognostic factors for anatomical failure following SLAP repair. |
Anatomical failure occurred in 32.6% of patients (14/43), whereas 16.3% of patients (7/43) had clinical failure. Clinicoradiological assessment revealed that clinical failure occurred only in 7.1% of patients (1/14) with unhealed SLAP lesions, whereas it occurred in 20.7% of patients (6/29) with healed SLAP lesions. Isolated SLAP repair resulted in a higher risk of anatomical failure (risk ratio, 7.0) than combined SLAP repair (p = 0.015). Nonoverhead activities were associated with higher risk of anatomical failure (risk ratio, 2.9; p = 0.041). Patients above 35 years of age had more risk of anatomical failure (risk ratio, 3.5; p = 0.010). Clinical outcomes significantly improved regardless of anatomical failure (p < 0.001) and were not significantly different between unhealed and healed repairs (all p > 0.05). |
2 |
| 75. Foti G, Mantovani W, Catania M, et al. Evaluation of glenoid labral tears: comparison between dual-energy CT arthrography and MR arthrography of the shoulder. Radiologia Medica. 125(1):39-47, 2020 Jan. |
Observational-Dx |
47 patients. |
To compare the diagnostic accuracy of dual-energy computed tomography arthrography (DE-CTA) and magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) of the shoulder in depicting glenoid labral tears. |
Surgery revealed the presence of labral tears in 38/47 patients (80.9%). Sensitivity and specificity values in diagnosing labral tears were 84.2% and 77.8% for MRA (Reader 3), 84.2% and 77.8% for CTA (Reader 1), 84.2% and 88.9% for CTA (Reader 2), 89.5% and 88.9% for DE-CTA (Reader 1), and 92.1% and 88.9% for DE-CTA (Reader 2). A nonsignificant increase in AUC values with respect to MRA was obtained by reading the CTA (p = 0.470) and DE-CTA dataset (p = 0.217), respectively. Inter-observer agreements were near perfect for CTA (k = 0.84) and substantial for DE-CTA reading (k = 0.76). Intra-observer agreements were near perfect both for CTA (k = 0.88) and for DE-CTA reading (k = 0.82). |
2 |
| 76. Bencardino JT, Gyftopoulos S, Palmer WE. Imaging in anterior glenohumeral instability. Radiology. 2013;269(2):323-337. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To focus on imaging findings in acute first-time shoulder dislocation, chronic instability with repeated dislocation, and chronic instability without repeated dislocation. |
The goal of imaging depends on the clinical scenario. Image interpretation and reporting may need to emphasize diagnosis and the identification of lesions that are associated with instability or the characterization of lesions for treatment planning. |
4 |
| 77. Liu T, Ma J, Cao H, Hou D, Xu L. Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of the simple method of computed tomography in the assessment of patients with shoulder instability: a prospective cohort study. BMC Medical Imaging. 18(1):45, 2018 11 23. |
Observational-Dx |
145 patients. |
To access the diagnostic performance of the Computed Tomography (CT) in the assessment of patients with shoulder instability and to diagnose the Bankart and bony Bankart lesions. |
Sensitivity (0.972 ± 0.18 vs. 1, p = 0.11) and accuracy (0.942 ± 0.17 vs. 1, p < 0.0001, q = 3.88) for the clinical examination tests combining the traditional radiological images were same to CT. However, the clinical examination tests combining the traditional radiological images had more inconclusive results (5 vs. 1), false-positive results (6 vs. 5), and false negative results (4 vs. 1) than CT. |
3 |
| 78. Shijith KP, Sood M, Sud AD, Ghai A. Is CT scan a predictor of instability in recurrent dislocation shoulder?. Chin J Traumatol. 22(3):177-181, 2019 Jun. |
Review/Other-Dx |
44 patients. |
To assess the clinical and radiological co-relation in the patients with recurrent dislocation shoulder. |
There were an average of 4.68 (SD ± 3.1, range 2-15, median 3) episodes of dislocation. Forty-one patients had the glenoid bone loss while 40 had the Hill-Sachs lesions. The mean glenoid width defect was 10.80% (range 0-27%) while the mean Hill-Sachs defect was 14.27 mm (range 0-26.6 mm). The mean area of bone loss of the glenoid surface was 10.81% (range 0-22.4%). The lesions were on track in 34 patients and off track in 10 patients. |
4 |
| 79. Stevens KJ, Preston BJ, Wallace WA, Kerslake RW. CT imaging and three-dimensional reconstructions of shoulders with anterior glenohumeral instability. Clin Anat. 1999;12(5):326-336. |
Review/Other-Dx |
11 patients |
To evaluate the bony abnormalities associated with glenohumeral instability using CT imaging with 3-D reconstruction images. |
In the 12 shoulders imaged, we identified four main abnormalities. A humeral-head defect or Hill-Sachs deformity was seen in 83% cases, fractures of the anterior glenoid rim in 50%, periosteal new bone formation secondary to capsular stripping in 42%, and loose bone fragments in 25%. Manipulation of the 3-D images enabled the abnormalities to be well seen in all cases, giving a graphic visualization of the joint, and only two 3-D images were needed to demonstrate all the necessary information. |
4 |
| 80. Saito H, Itoi E, Sugaya H, Minagawa H, Yamamoto N, Tuoheti Y. Location of the glenoid defect in shoulders with recurrent anterior dislocation. Am J Sports Med. 2005;33(6):889-893. |
Review/Other-Dx |
123 patients |
To clarify the location and extent of the glenoid defect in shoulders with recurrent anterior dislocation. |
The defects were located between 12:08 and 6:32, with the range between 2:30 and 4:20 being the most frequent. The extent of the glenoid defect was 106.7 degrees +/- 27.1 degrees (mean +/- standard deviation). The mean orientation of the defect was pointing toward 3:01 on the clock face of the glenoid, at a mean angle of 90.5 degrees +/- 10.4 degrees from the 12-o'clock direction. |
4 |
| 81. Sugaya H, Moriishi J, Dohi M, Kon Y, Tsuchiya A. Glenoid rim morphology in recurrent anterior glenohumeral instability. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85-A(5):878-884. |
Review/Other-Dx |
100 patients |
To quantify glenoid osseous defects and to define their characteristics in patients with recurrent anterior instability. |
Investigation of the normal glenoids revealed no side-to-side differences. Investigation of the affected glenoids revealed an abnormal configuration in ninety shoulders. Fifty glenoids had an osseous fragment. One fragment was large (26.9% of the glenoid fossa), twenty-seven fragments were medium (10.6% of the glenoid fossa, on the average), and twenty-two were small (2.9% of the glenoid fossa, on the average). In the forty shoulders without an osseous fragment, the anteroinferior portion of the glenoid appeared straight on the en face view and it appeared obtuse or slightly rounded, compared with the normally sharp contour of the normal glenoid rim, on the oblique view, suggesting erosion or a mild compression fracture at this site. Arthroscopic investigation revealed a Bankart lesion in ninety-seven of the 100 shoulders and an osseous fragment in forty-five of the fifty shoulders in which an osseous Bankart lesion had been identified with the three-dimensionally reconstructed computed tomography. In the shoulders with distinctly abnormal morphology on three-dimensionally reconstructed computed tomography, the arthroscopic appearance of the anteroinferior portion of the glenoid rim was compatible with the appearance demonstrated by the three-dimensionally reconstructed computed tomography. |
4 |
| 82. Stefaniak J, Kubicka AM, Wawrzyniak A, Romanowski L, Lubiatowski P. Reliability of humeral head measurements performed using two- and three-dimensional computed tomography in patients with shoulder instability. International Orthopaedics. 44(10):2049-2056, 2020 10. |
Observational-Dx |
100 humeral heads. |
To compare two measurement methods of humeral head defects in patients with shoulder instability. Intra- and inter-observer reliability of humeral head parameters were performed with the use of 2D and 3D computed tomography. |
For 3D inter-observer reliability, ICC values were "excellent" for all parameters and MDC95% values were "excellent" or "reasonable." All intra-observer ICC and MDC95% values for 3D were "excellent" for experienced and inexperienced observers. For 2D-CT, ICC values were usually "good" or "moderate" with MDC95% values higher than 10 or 30%. |
2 |
| 83. Ho A, Kurdziel MD, Koueiter DM, Wiater JM. Three-dimensional computed tomography measurement accuracy of varying Hill-Sachs lesion size. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 27(2):350-356, 2018 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
9 polyurethane humerus bone substitutes. |
To assess the accuracy and reliability of measuring Hill-Sachs lesion sizes using 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT). |
Interclass correlation coefficient reliability demonstrated strong agreement for all variables measured (0.856-0.975). Percentage error between measured length and measured depth and the true measurement significantly varied with respect to both lesion depth (P = .003 and P = .005, respectively) and lesion size (P = .049 and P = .004, respectively). |
3 |
| 84. Mulleneers LIC, Van Rompaey H, Haloui B, Pouliart N. Determining On-/Off-track Lesions in Glenohumeral Dislocation Using Multiplanar Reconstruction Computed Tomography Is Easier and More Reproducible Than Using 3-dimensional Computed Tomography. Am J Sports Med. 49(1):137-145, 2021 01. |
Observational-Dx |
52 patients |
To evaluate a new method for determining the glenoid track using computed tomography (CT) scan with multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) in comparison with using 3DR images. |
In absolute values, only small differences were seen between the MPR and 3DR methods, amounting to a maximal difference of 0.07 cm for the HSI and 0.04 cm for the glenoid width. For glenoid measurements, both methods were similar. |
3 |
| 85. Younan Y, Wong PK, Karas S, et al. The glenoid track: a review of the clinical relevance, method of calculation and current evidence behind this method. [Review]. Skeletal Radiol. 46(12):1625-1634, 2017 Dec. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the common surgical procedures for the reparable and nonreparable massive rotator cuff tears, their expected postoperative MR imaging findings, and imaging appearance of a range of complications. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 86. Makihara T, Abe M, Yamazaki M, Okamura K. Bone union of the transferred coracoid graft is the key factor affecting the extent of postoperative graft changes and the clinical results following the modified Bankart and Bristow procedure: a computed tomography scan study. J. ORTHOP. SURG.. 14(1):84, 2019 Mar 21. |
Review/Other-Dx |
21 subjects |
To to quantify the postoperative changes in bone surface area as assessed on computed tomography, as well as to clarify the impact of such changes on the clinical results. |
Bone area increased in 15 shoulders (65.2%) and decreased in eight shoulders (34.8%). Bone area increased by 51.3% in shoulders with bone union in the superior part of the coracoid process graft, with no significant differences between the superior and inferior sides of the graft regarding the rate of change in bone surface area (41.4% vs. 68.9% increase). However, in shoulders with bone union in the inferior part of the coracoid process graft, the rate of change in bone area differed significantly between the superior and inferior sides of the graft, exhibiting a 42.3% decrease on the superior side and 39.8% increase on the inferior side. In shoulders with no bone union, bone area decreased by 29.5% (17.4% vs. 39.3% decrease on the superior and inferior side, respectively), whereas the Rowe and Walch-Duplay scores were significantly lower than those noted in shoulders with bone union. |
4 |
| 87. Vadala A, Lanzetti RM, De Carli A, et al. Latarjet procedure: evolution of the bone block and correspondent clinical relevance-a clinical and radiological study. Musculoskelet Surg. 101(Suppl 2):113-120, 2017 Dec. |
Observational-Tx |
24 patients |
To correlate the bone block graft position, its dimension, its reabsorption and its integration with clinical outcome in patients operated on for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. |
At 24 months, none of the 24 patients reported further episodes of dislocation. Clinically at the final follow-up, we found excellent results in all the evaluation scales. Mean reduction in bone graft from T0 to T1 was 42% of the overall volume; similarly reduction in the overall surface was 29.3%; decrease in length, width and depth was, respectively, 3.4, 2.2 and 1.0 mm; all these parameters decreased significantly (p < 0.05). |
1 |
| 88. Arirachakaran A, Boonard M, Chaijenkij K, Pituckanotai K, Prommahachai A, Kongtharvonskul J. A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test of MRA versus MRI for detection superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions type II-VII. [Review]. Skeletal Radiology. 46(2):149-160, 2017 Feb. |
Meta-analysis |
32 studies (2,013 shoulders) and 11 studies (1,498 shoulders) were evaluated with MRA and MRI. |
To determine the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in superior labrum anterior to posterior lesions (type II-VII) of the shoulder. |
The summary sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio (positive and negative) and AUROC were 0.87 (95 % confidence interval, CI: 0.82, 0.91), 0.92 (95 %CI: 0.85, 0.95), 10.28 (95 %CI: 5.84, 18.08), 0.14 (95 %CI: 0.10, 0.20) and 0.94 (95 %CI: 0.92, 0.96) respectively for MRA, and 0.76 (95 %CI: 0.61, 0.86), 0.87 (95 %CI: 0.71, 0.95), 5.89 (95 %CI: 2.5, 13.86), 0.28 (95 %CI: 0.17, 0.47) and 0.94 (95 %CI: 0.92, 0.96) respectively for MRI. |
Good |
| 89. Symanski JS, Subhas N, Babb J, Nicholson J, Gyftopoulos S. Diagnosis of Superior Labrum Anterior-to-Posterior Tears by Using MR Imaging and MR Arthrography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. [Review]. Radiology. 285(1):101-113, 2017 10. |
Meta-analysis |
32 studies including 3524 imaging examinations. |
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of nonenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR arthrography for diagnosis of superior labrum anterior-to-posterior (SLAP) tears by using a systematic review and meta-analysis. |
Mean sensitivities of direct MR arthrography, MR imaging, and indirect MR arthrography for SLAP tear diagnosis were 80.4%, 63.0%, and 74.2%, respectively. Mean specificities of direct MR arthrography, MR imaging, and indirect MR arthrography were 90.7%, 87.2%, and 66.5%, respectively. Summary receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated superior accuracy of direct MR arthrography compared with those of MR imaging and indirect MR arthrography. Similar findings were observed in the low-bias subanalysis. Summary ROC curve demonstrated overall superiority of 3-T imaging, with or without intra-articular contrast material compared with 1.5-T imaging, with or without intra-articular contrast material. Significant variance was observed for MR imaging and direct MR arthrography (P < .001) studies for both mean sensitivity and specificity. |
Good |
| 90. Ajuied A, McGarvey CP, Harb Z, Smith CC, Houghton RP, Corbett SA. Diagnosis of glenoid labral tears using 3-tesla MRI vs. 3-tesla MRA: a systematic review and meta-analysis. [Review]. Archives of Orthopaedic & Trauma Surgery. 138(5):699-709, 2018 May. |
Meta-analysis |
Ten studies including 929 patients. |
To compare 3-tesla MRI and 3-tesla MRA in the diagnosis of glenoid labral tears. |
For anterior labral lesions, 3T MRI was less sensitive (0.83 vs. 0.87 p = 0.083) than 3T 2D neutral MRA. Compared to 3T 2D neutral MRA, both 3T 3D Isotropic MRA and 3T ABER MRA significantly improved sensitivity (0.87 vs. 0.95 vs. 0.94). For SLAP lesions, 3T 2D neutral MRA was of similar sensitivity to 3T MRI (0.84 vs. 0.83, p = 0.575), but less specific (0.99 vs. 0.92 p < 0.0001). For posterior labral lesions, 3T 2D neutral MRA had greater sensitivity than 3T 3D Isotropic MRA and 3T MRI (0.90 vs. 0.83 vs. 0.83). |
Good |
| 91. Cvitanic O, Tirman PF, Feller JF, Bost FW, Minter J, Carroll KW. Using abduction and external rotation of the shoulder to increase the sensitivity of MR arthrography in revealing tears of the anterior glenoid labrum. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;169(3):837-844. |
Observational-Dx |
256 patients |
To compare oblique axial MR arthrograms obtained with the patient's shoulder in abduction and external rotation (ABER) position with conventional axial MR arthrograms obtained with the patient's arm in neutral position and the shoulder not rotated in revealing tears of the anterior glenoid labrum (AGL). |
Of the 92 patients who underwent surgery, AGL tears were found in 27. Conventional axial MR arthrograms revealed 13 tears (sensitivity, 48%; specificity, 91%). A separate review of MR arthrograms obtained with patients in the ABER position revealed 24 tears (sensitivity, 89%; specificity, 95%). Reviewed together, axial MR arthrograms and MR arthrograms obtained with patients in the ABER position revealed 26 tears (sensitivity, 96%; specificity, 97%). |
2 |
| 92. Tirman PF, Bost FW, Steinbach LS, et al. MR arthrographic depiction of tears of the rotator cuff: benefit of abduction and external rotation of the arm. Radiology. 1994;192(3):851-856. |
Observational-Dx |
5 patients |
To show the effectiveness of positioning the arm in abduction and external rotation (ABER) during magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography for depiction of tears of the rotator cuff. |
One partial tear of the distal infraspinatus tendon was detected with ABER MR arthrography only. One full-thickness tear was detected with both MR arthrography and ABER MR arthrography, but the component of the tear that extended into the infraspinatus tendon was depicted with ABER MR arthrography only. One partial tear was detected with both MR arthrography and ABER MR arthrography; no additional information was provided by either technique alone. |
4 |
| 93. Wang W, Huang BK, Sharp M, et al. MR Arthrogram Features That Can Be Used to Distinguish Between True Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament Complex Tears and Iatrogenic Extravasation. AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology. 212(2):411-417, 2019 02. |
Observational-Dx |
35 patients. |
To identify features seen at shoulder MR arthrography that distinguish between iatrogenic contrast material extravasation and inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) complex tears. |
Anterior band disruption was present in eight of 16 patients with true tears and in zero of 19 patients with iatrogenic contrast material extravasation (p < 0.001). Isolated extravasation through the posterior half of the axillary pouch was present in 12 patients with iatrogenic extravasation, compared with none of the patients with true tears (p < 0.001). Thick ends were present in 10 of the true tears, whereas none of the cases of iatrogenic extravasation showed this finding (p < 0.001). Scarred margins were seen in eight true tears and none of the iatrogenic extravasation cases (p < 0.001). The presence of a torn anterior band, thick ligament, reverse-tapered caliber, and scarred appearance of the torn margin were shown to be 100.0% specific, and a torn posterior band showed 84.2% specificity for true tears. The presence of isolated involvement of the posterior portion of axillary pouch showed 63.2% sensitivity and 100.0% specificity for iatrogenic extravasation. |
3 |
| 94. Tiegs-Heiden CA, Rhodes NG, Collins MS, Fender QA, Howe BM. MR arthrogram of the postoperative glenoid labrum: normal postoperative appearance versus recurrent tears. Skeletal Radiology. 47(11):1475-1481, 2018 Nov. |
Observational-Dx |
30 patients |
To describe the MR arthrogram appearance of the postoperative glenoid labrum and to describe the features consistent with recurrent tear. |
Following consensus review, 18/30 MRIs were felt to demonstrate recurrent glenoid labral tear, 11/30 showed an irregular labrum, and 1/30 was called normal. The radiology impression regarding the presence or absence of a recurrent glenoid labral tear agreed with the operative report in 24/30 (80%) cases, and was discrepant in six. This equals 83.3% sensitivity and 81.8% specificity of MR arthrogram in the diagnosis of recurrent labral tear in this study. A paralabral cyst was present in 3/30 (10%) cases, all three of which were torn. |
3 |
| 95. Major NM, Browne J, Domzalski T, Cothran RL, Helms CA. Evaluation of the glenoid labrum with 3-T MRI: is intraarticular contrast necessary?. AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology. 196(5):1139-44, 2011 May. |
Observational-Dx |
42 patients |
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3-T MRI versus 3-T MR arthrography for assessing labral abnormalities in the shoulder using arthroscopy as the gold standard. |
Of the 22 arthroscopies performed, 26 labral tears were found in 18 shoulders and four shoulders were normal with respect to the labrum. There were 12 superior, nine posterior, and five anterior labral tears identified at arthroscopy. By consensus review, conventional MRI identified nine of 12 superior (sensitivity, 75%; specificity, 100%), seven of nine posterior (sensitivity, 78%; specificity, 92%), and three of five anterior (sensitivity, 60%; specificity, 94%) labral tears. MR arthrography identified nine of 12 superior (sensitivity, 75%; specificity, 100%), eight of nine posterior (sensitivity, 89%; specificity, 100%), and five of five anterior (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 100%) labral tears. |
2 |
| 96. Ma YJ, West J, Nazaran A, et al. Feasibility of using an inversion-recovery ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequence for quantification of glenoid bone loss. Skeletal Radiology. 47(7):973-980, 2018 Jul. |
Observational-Dx |
11 shoulder specimens and three patients. |
To utilize the 3D inversion recovery prepared ultrashort echo time with cones readout (IR-UTE-Cones) MRI technique for direct imaging of lamellar bone with comparison to the gold standard of computed tomography (CT). |
Compared with the reference standard (3D CT), glenoid bone diameter measurements made on 2D CT and 3D IR-UTE-Cones were not significantly different for either reader, whereas T1-weighted images underestimated the diameter (mean difference of 0.18 cm, p = 0.003 and 0.16 cm, p = 0.022 for readers 1 and 2, respectively). However, mean margin of error for measuring glenoid bone loss was small for all modalities (range, 1.46-3.92%). All measured ICCs were near perfect. |
2 |
| 97. Breighner RE, Endo Y, Konin GP, Gulotta LV, Koff MF, Potter HG. Technical Developments: Zero Echo Time Imaging of the Shoulder: Enhanced Osseous Detail by Using MR Imaging. Radiology. 286(3):960-966, 2018 03. |
Observational-Dx |
34 patients |
To determine the intermodality agreement of morphologic grading and clinically relevant quantitative measurements between computed tomography (CT) and zero echo time (ZTE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the shoulder. |
Binary classification and nominal/ordinal grades showed substantial or better agreement between raters and modalities (? or ICC > 0.6). Continuous measurements exhibited strong correlation between raters and modalities, although not universally. Bankart ICCs were not significant, owing to low prevalence. ZTE exhibited greater conspicuity of enthesopathic cysts and marrow edema. In 21 of 34 cases, ZTE imaging of osseous features exceeded SOC MR imaging. Conclusion ZTE MR imaging provides "CT-like" contrast for bone. |
2 |
| 98. de Mello RAF, Ma YJ, Ashir A, et al. Three-Dimensional Zero Echo Time Magnetic Resonance Imaging Versus 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography for Glenoid Bone Assessment. Arthroscopy. 36(9):2391-2400, 2020 09. |
Observational-Dx |
6 shoulder specimens for the ex vivo study. 10 patients for the in vivo study. |
To evaluate the 3-dimensional (3D) zero echo time (ZTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique and compare it with 3D computed tomography (CT) for the assessment of the glenoid bone. |
Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for inter-modality assessment showed almost perfect agreement for both readers, ranging from 0.949 to 0.991 for the ex vivo study and from 0.955 to 0.987 for the in vivo patients. Excellent interobserver agreement was found for both the ex vivo (ICCs = 0.98) and in vivo (ICCs = 0.92) studies. For the ex vivo study, Bland-Altman analyses for CT versus MRI showed a mean difference of 0.6 to 1 mm at 1.0-mm3 MRI resolution, 0.3 to 0.6 mm at 0.8-mm3 MRI resolution, and 0.3 to 0.6 mm at 0.6-mm3 MRI resolution for both readers. For the in vivo study, Bland-Altman analyses for CT versus MRI showed a mean difference of 0.6 to 0.8 mm at 1.0-mm3 MRI resolution, 0.5 to 0.6 mm at 0.8-mm3 MRI resolution, and 0.4 to 0.8 mm at 0.7-mm3 MRI resolution for both readers. Mean post-processing times to generate 3D images of the glenoid ranged from 32 to 46 seconds for CT and from 33 to 64 seconds for ZTE MRI. |
2 |
| 99. Yanke AB, Shin JJ, Pearson I, et al. Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Glenoid Bone Loss Is Equivalent to 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Quantification: Cadaveric Study. Arthroscopy. 33(4):709-715, 2017 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
6 cadaveric shoulders. |
To assess the ability of 3-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, 1.5 and 3 tesla [T]) to quantify glenoid bone loss in a cadaveric model compared with the current gold standard, 3D computed tomography (CT). |
In specimens with 10% or 25% defects, no difference was detected between imaging modalities when comparing the measured defect size (10% defect P = .27, 25% defect P = .73). All 3 modalities demonstrated a strong correlation with the actual defect size (CT, ? = .97; 1.5-T MRI, ? = .93; 3-T MRI, ? = .92, P < .0001). When looking at the absolute difference between the actual and measured defect area, no significance was noted between imaging modalities (10% defect P = .34, 25% defect P = .47). The error of 3-T 3D MRI increased with increasing defect size (P = .02). |
3 |
| 100. Aygun U, Duran T, Oktay O, Sahin H, Calik Y. Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Scans of the Glenoid Version in Anterior Dislocation of the Shoulder. Orthopedics. 40(4):e687-e692, 2017 Jul 01. |
Observational-Dx |
55 patients. |
To show that it is possible to use MRI instead of CT, which is accepted as the gold standard today for the evaluation of the glenoid version. |
The glenoid version was measured in the axial plane on MRI and CT. Mean glenoid version measured by the observers was -1.6°±4.7° (95% confidence interval, -2.3° to -0.8°) and -1.8°±4.3° (95% confidence interval, -2.5° to -1.2°) by CT and MRI, respectively (P=.126). The evaluation of the CT and MRI measurements made by the 3 observers (X, Y, and Z) revealed no significant difference, as the P values of X CT - X MRI, Y CT - Y MRI, and Z CT - Z MRI were .550, .406, and .238, respectively. Interclass correlation among the 3 observers for CT and MRI was 0.996 and 0.981, respectively. |
3 |
| 101. Ogul H, Tas N, Ay M, Kose M, Kantarci M. Sonoarthrographic examination of posterior labrocapsular structures of the shoulder joint. British Journal of Radiology. 93(1106):20190886, 2020 Feb 01. |
Observational-Dx |
82 patients. |
To describe the posterior labral lesions and labrocapsular abnormalities of the shoulder on sonoarthrography and to compare these findings with MR arthrography results. |
In sonoarthrographic examinations of 82 shoulders, 5 and 6 posterior labral tears were identified by Observer 1 and 2, respectively. Moreover, 6 and 7 posterior sublabral clefts, and 2 and 3 posterior synovial folds were identified by Observer 1 and 2, respectively. All the 82 patients were examined with MR arthrography; however, only 14 patients underwent arthroscopic examination. No significant difference was found among the 82 patients with regard to age, gender, and the prevalence of posterior labral tear, posterior labral cleft, and posterior synovial fold (p > 0.05). Interobserver variability showed substantial agreement between the sonoarthrographic and MR arthrographic results of the posterior labrocapsular structures (? = 0.71, p < 0.05). |
3 |
| 102. Duchstein LDL, Jakobsen JR, Marker L, et al. The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of frozen shoulder. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 29(1):210-215, 2021 Jan. |
Observational-Dx |
20 patients |
To explore the possibility to use positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with a 18F Flour-Deoxy-Glucose (FDG) tracer in the diagnostic process. |
Kappa for interobserver agreement in the visual assessments was 0.74. Sensitivity was 92% and specificity 93% of the visual assessment, 77% and 93%, respectively, of the semi-quantified analyses, and by combining the two types of analyses sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 93% for the distinction between frozen shoulders and subacromial impingement/unaffected shoulders. |
2 |
| 103. Sridharan R, Engle MP, Garg N, Wei W, Amini B. Focal uptake at the rotator interval or inferior capsule of shoulder on 18F-FDG PET/CT is associated with adhesive capsulitis. Skeletal Radiology. 46(4):533-538, 2017 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
15 patients and 109 controls. |
To determine if focal increased uptake at the rotator interval (RI) and/or inferior capsule (IC) on 18F-FDG PET/CT (“positive PET”) predicts the presence of adhesive capsulitis (AC). |
The prevalence of focal activity at either the RI or IC (“positive PET”) was 0.53%. Nine patients had a clinical diagnosis of AC and 15 patients had a positive PET. The sensitivity and specificity of PET for detection of AC was 56% and 87%, respectively. PET/CT had a positive likelihood ratio for AC of 6.3 (95% CI: 2.8–14.6). |
2 |
| 104. Won KS, Kim DH, Sung DH, et al. Clinical correlation of metabolic parameters on 18F-FDG PET/CT in idiopathic frozen shoulder. Ann Nucl Med. 31(3):211-217, 2017 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
35 patients with unilateral idiopathic frozen shoulder. |
To characterize the uptake pattern on 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with idiopathic FS and to determine if there is a correlation between its metabolic parameters and clinical findings. |
Mean SUVmax values for four ROIs of the affected shoulder were significantly higher than those of the unaffected shoulder. Mean SUVmax values of RI and AR were significantly higher than those of AJC and PJC and mean SUVmax of AJC was significantly higher than that of PJC in the affected side. Three recognizable patterns of increased uptake were noted: (1) AR dominant type (15 patients); (2) RI dominant type (9 patients); (3) both RI and AR dominant type (11 patients). The SUVmax of AR showed negative correlation with abduction and forward flexion. The SUVmax of RI showed negative correlation with external rotation and internal rotation. The SUVmax of AJC showed negative correlation with all ROMs. |
3 |
| 105. Ahn JH, Lee DH, Kang H, Lee MY, Kang DR, Yoon SH. Early Intra-articular Corticosteroid Injection Improves Pain and Function in Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder: 1-Year Retrospective Longitudinal Study. PM R. 10(1):19-27, 2018 01. |
Observational-Tx |
339 patients |
To determine whether intra-articular corticosteroid injection has better outcomes in patients with earlier stage than later stage of adhesive capsulitis. |
The result of the multiple regressions, which considered the main and the interaction effect of confounding variables, showed that the differences of all outcomes in both short-term effect at month 1 and long-term effect at month 12 are greater when the duration of pain prior to injection is shorter. Among the confounders, the injection number in the difference of internal rotation and extension between month 0 and 12 (IRE ?(0-12)) was statistically significant. IRE ?(0-12) was also greater when the pain duration was shorter, though the decrease in IRE ?(0-12) differed depending on the number of injections. |
2 |
| 106. Cho CH, Min BW, Bae KC, Lee KJ, Kim DH. A prospective double-blind randomized trial on ultrasound-guided versus blind intra-articular corticosteroid injections for primary frozen shoulder. Bone Joint J. 103-B(2):353-359, 2021 Feb. |
Observational-Tx |
90 patients |
To compare the accuracy and efficacy of US-guided compared with blind corticosteroid injections into the glenohumeral joint in patients with primary frozen shoulder (FS). |
The accuracy of injection in the US and blind groups was 100% (45/45) and 71.1% (32/45), respectively; this difference was significant (p < 0.001). Both groups had significant improvements in VAS pain score, ASES score, SSV, forward flexion, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation throughout follow-up until 12 weeks after injection (all p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the VAS pain scores, the ASES score, the SSV and all ROMs between the two groups at the time points assessed (all p > 0.05). |
1 |
| 107. Raeissadat SA, Rayegani SM, Langroudi TF, Khoiniha M. Comparing the accuracy and efficacy of ultrasound-guided versus blind injections of steroid in the glenohumeral joint in patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis. Clin Rheumatol. 36(4):933-940, 2017 Apr. |
Experimental-Tx |
41 patients |
To compare efficacy and accuracy of US-guided injections versus blind injections of steroid in the glenohumeral joint. |
Improvements in pain, ROM, and functional score after 1 and 4 weeks were more prominent in the US-guided group, but the differences were not statistically significant, except for the changes in extension where the improvements were significantly higher in the US-guided group (p = 0.01). The accuracy of injections was also higher in the US-guided group (90 % vs. 76.19 %), but the differences were not found to be significant (p = 0.24). |
1 |
| 108. Park GY, Park JH, Kwon DR, Kwon DG, Park J. Do the Findings of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Arthrography, and Ultrasonography Reflect Clinical Impairment in Patients With Idiopathic Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder?. Archives of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation. 98(10):1995-2001, 2017 10. |
Observational-Dx |
75 patients. |
To investigate the correlation between arthrography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography (US) findings in patients with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis (IAC) of the shoulder and their clinical presentation as well as functional impairment. |
None of the MRI parameters was correlated with clinical assessment scores. The total score of shoulder arthrographic criteria was negatively correlated with passive range of motion of the total shoulder motion (P<.05), shoulder forward flexion (P<.05), and abduction (P<.05). The total Constant-Murley score was well correlated with the total score of shoulder arthrographic criteria (P<.05). The total shoulder joint space capacity was positively correlated with passive range of motion of the total shoulder motion (P<.05) and shoulder forward flexion (P<.05). The IGHL thickness, IGHL ratio, CHL thickness, and CHL ratio were negatively correlated with shoulder external rotation (P<.05). |
3 |
| 109. Mengiardi B, Pfirrmann CW, Gerber C, Hodler J, Zanetti M. Frozen shoulder: MR arthrographic findings. Radiology. 2004;233(2):486-492. |
Observational-Dx |
22 patients including 22 healthy controls |
To evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) arthrographic findings in patients with frozen shoulder. |
Patients with frozen shoulder had a significantly thickened CHL (4.1 mm vs 2.7 mm in controls) and a thickened joint capsule in the rotator cuff interval (7.1 mm vs 4.5 mm; P < .001 for both comparisons, Mann-Whitney test) but not in the axillary recess. The volume of the axillary recess was significantly smaller in patients with frozen shoulder than in control subjects (P = .03, Mann-Whitney test). Thickening of the CHL to 4 mm or more had a specificity of 95% and a sensitivity of 59% for diagnosis of frozen shoulder. Thickening of the capsule in the rotator cuff interval to 7 mm or more had a specificity of 86% and a sensitivity of 64%. Synovitis-like abnormalities at the superior border of the subscapularis tendon were significantly more common in patients with frozen shoulder than in control subjects (P = .014, chi(2) test). Complete obliteration of the fat triangle between the CHL and the coracoid process (subcoracoid triangle sign) was specific (100%) but not sensitive (32%). |
3 |
| 110. Lee YT, Chun KS, Yoon KJ, et al. Correlation of Joint Volume and Passive Range of Motion With Capsulo-Synovial Thickness Measured by Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adhesive Capsulitis. Pm & R. 10(2):137-145, 2018 02. |
Review/Other-Dx |
103 patients. |
To investigate the relationships among the capsulo-synovial thickness measured by CE-MRI, joint volume, and passive range of motion (ROM) in patients with AC. |
Capsulo-synovial thickness measured by CE-MRI at the enhancing portion of the axillary recess inversely correlated with GHJ volume (? = -0.444, P < .001), whereas at the rotator interval, this finding was not observed. At the axillary recess, the capsulo-synovial thickness inversely correlated with abduction (? = -0.400, P < .001), forward elevation (? = -0.378, P < .001), and external rotation (? = -0.297, P < .01), but at the rotator interval, such statistically significant correlations were not shown. |
4 |
| 111. Pessis E, Mihoubi F, Feydy A, et al. Usefulness of intravenous contrast-enhanced MRI for diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis. European Radiology. 30(11):5981-5991, 2020 Nov. |
Observational-Dx |
42 patients and 42 controls. |
To compare the reliability and performance of MRI measures enhanced with intravenous (IV) injection of gadolinium contrast versus non-enhanced MRI measures for the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis (AC). |
Sensitivity (97.6%) and specificity (97.6%) of axillary-recess capsule signal enhancement for AC diagnosis were significantly superior (p = 0.02) to hyperintense signals on T2-weighted fat-suppressed images (sensitivity 90.5%, specificity 92.7%). Measures of the intensity signal in the area of the rotator interval were less performant for AC diagnosis but could be improved with joint capsule enhancement. Moreover, we found very high specificity (100%) of enhancement of the coracohumeral ligament signal for AC diagnosis. |
2 |
| 112. Yoon JP, Chung SW, Lee BJ, et al. Correlations of magnetic resonance imaging findings with clinical symptom severity and prognosis of frozen shoulder. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 25(10):3242-3250, 2017 Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
52 patients with primary frozen shoulder. |
To evaluate the correlation between indirect magnetic resonance (MR) arthrographic imaging findings and the clinical symptoms and prognosis of patients with frozen shoulder. |
Capsular thickening and enhancement of the axillary recess as well as soft tissue thickening of the rotator interval were significantly greater in the patient group than in the controls (p < 0.001). Capsular thickening of the axillary recess did not correlate with clinical symptoms or ROM (n.s.); however, capsular enhancement correlated with clinical symptom severity according to VAS Pain (p = 0.005), SST (p = 0.046), and ASES scores (p = 0.009). Soft tissue thickening of the rotator interval did not correlate with clinical symptom severity, but was associated with external rotation limitation (p = 0.002). |
3 |
| 113. Zhao W, Zheng X, Liu Y, et al. An MRI study of symptomatic adhesive capsulitis. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47277. |
Review/Other-Dx |
60 patients and 60 volunteers |
To describe and evaluate the pathomorphology of the shoulder in Asian patients with AC compared to healthy volunteers. |
Significant abnormal findings were observed on MRI, especially at the rotator cuff interval. The coracohumeral ligament (CHL), articular capsule thickness in the rotator cuff interval as well as the fat space under coracoid process were evaluated. MRI showed that patients with adhesive capsulitis had a significantly thickened coracohumeral ligament and articular capsule in the rotator cuff interval compared to the control subjects (4.2 vs. 2.4 mm, 7.2 vs. 4.4 mm; p<0.05). Partial or complete obliteration of the subcoracoid fat triangle was significantly more frequent in patients with adhesive capsulitis compared with control subjects (73% vs. 13%, 26% vs. 1.6%; p<0.001). Synovitis-like abnormality around the long biceps tendon was significantly more common in patients with adhesive capsulitis than in control subjects. With regards to the inter-observer variability, two MR radiologists had an excellent kappa value of 0.86. |
4 |
| 114. Chi AS, Kim J, Long SS, Morrison WB, Zoga AC. Non-contrast MRI diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. Clinical Imaging. 44:46-50, 2017 Jul - Aug. |
Observational-Dx |
31 non-contrast, non-arthrographic, shoulder MRIs. |
To investigate non-contrast MRI findings of clinical adhesive capsulitis. |
In detection of adhesive capsulitis, sensitivity is 76.7% and specificity is 53.3% for coracohumeral ligament thickening, sensitivity is 66.7% and specificity is 55.2% for coracohumeral ligament thickening and rotator interval infiltration, and sensitivity is 23.3% and specificity is 86.7% for coracohumeral ligament thickening, rotator interval infiltration, and axillary recess thickening/edema. |
2 |
| 115. Tandon A, Dewan S, Bhatt S, Jain AK, Kumari R. Sonography in diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a case-control study. Journal of Ultrasound. 20(3):227-236, 2017 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
90 subjects (60 symptomatic and 30 controls). |
To assess the efficacy of sonography using multiple static and dynamic parameters for diagnosis of AC. |
Sonographic visualisation of CHL (96.7%) and its mean thickness (1.2 mm) were highest in the AC group (p < 0.01). A cut-off value of 0.7 mm was found to be accurate (sensitivity 93.1%, specificity 94.4%) for diagnosing AC. Increased soft tissue in the rotator interval was seen in the AC group and had a high sensitivity of 86.2% and specificity of 92.8%. On dynamic scanning, restriction of external rotation was specific (sensitivity 86.2%, specificity 92.8%), whereas restriction in abduction was non-specific (specificity 6.7%). Inter-observer agreement was substantial for CHL visualisation (kappa 0.66). Overall, sonography, using multiple parameters, revealed a high sensitivity and specificity (100 and 87%, respectively) for diagnosis of AC of the shoulder. |
1 |
| 116. Kim DH, Cho CH, Sung DH. Ultrasound measurements of axillary recess capsule thickness in unilateral frozen shoulder: study of correlation with MRI measurements. Skeletal Radiol. 47(11):1491-1497, 2018 Nov. |
Observational-Dx |
44 patients |
To compare the ultrasound thickness of the affected axillary recess capsule (ARC) with that of the unaffected ARC in patients with frozen shoulder (FS), to analyze whether the ultrasound measurements of the ARC thickness correlate with those obtained using MRI, and to assess whether the ultrasound thickness of the ARC correlates with the patterns of range of motion limitation. |
The ultrasound thickness of ARC was significantly higher in the affected shoulder (4.4 ± 1.1 mm) than in the unaffected one (2.2 ± 0.5 mm) (p < 0.001). The ultrasound thickness of the ARC in the affected shoulder correlated with that measured by MRI (8.9 ± 1.9 mm) (p < 0.001, r = 0.83). |
3 |
| 117. Kim DH, Choi YH, Oh S, Kim HJ, Chai JW. Ultrasound Microflow Imaging Technology for Diagnosis of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 39(5):967-976, 2020 May. |
Observational-Dx |
39 patients with a diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis and 35 healthy patients as a control group. |
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan) at the subcoracoid triangle for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, to compare the diagnostic value of SMI with that of conventional ultrasound (US) and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) findings, and to investigate the correlation between vascular flow on SMI with clinical features. |
The SMI area was higher in the adhesive capsulitis group than in the control group (2.95 versus 0 mm2 ; P < .01). The visualization of vascular flow at the subcoracoid fat triangle was superior with SMI compared with PDUS (P < .01). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the SMI area showed higher diagnostic performance, with an area under the curve of 0.90 compared with other US findings. The area of SMI vascular flow was also negatively correlated with external rotation and forward flexion (P < .05) in the adhesive capsulitis group. |
3 |
| 118. Teixeira PAG, Jaquet P, Bakour O, et al. CT arthrography of the intra-articular long head of biceps tendon: Diagnostic performance outside the labral-bicipital complex. Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. 100(7-8):437-444, 2019 Jul - Aug. |
Observational-Dx |
98 patients. |
To determine the performance of CT arthrography for the diagnosis of intra-articular long head of biceps (LHB) tendon intrinsic lesions using arthroscopy findings as standard of reference. |
At arthroscopy, the LHB tendon was classified as normal in 38/98 (38.8%) patients, tendinopathic in 51/52 (52%) and totally ruptured in 9/98 (9.2%). The sensitivity and specificity of CT arthrography for the diagnosis of LHB tendinopathy were respectively 74% (95%CI: 60%-85%) and 93% (95%CI: 80%-99%) for reader 1 and 79% (95% CI: 67%-89%) and 95% (95% CI: 83%-99%) for reader 2. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of LHB tendon total ruptures were 100% (95%CI: 66%-100%) and 93% (95%CI: 86%-98%) for both readers. Interobserver agreements for the identification of the LHB tendon tendinopathy and total ruptures were excellent (kappa values of 0.94 and 0.96, respectively). |
2 |
| 119. Rol M, Favard L, Berhouet J. Diagnosis of long head of biceps tendinopathy in rotator cuff tear patients: correlation of imaging and arthroscopy data. International Orthopaedics. 42(6):1347-1355, 2018 06. |
Observational-Dx |
25 patients. |
To assess the reliability of pre-operative cross-sectional imaging for the diagnosis of long head of biceps (LHB) tendinopathy in patients with a rotator cuff tear. |
The correlation between the imaging and arthroscopy data was the highest (80%) for the determination of LHB dislocation from the bicipital groove. The other diagnostic elements (subluxation, coverage and tendon degeneration) were difficult to discern with preoperative imaging, and correlated poorly with the arthroscopy findings (45% to 65%). |
3 |
| 120. De Maeseneer M, Boulet C, Pouliart N, et al. Assessment of the long head of the biceps tendon of the shoulder with 3T magnetic resonance arthrography and CT arthrography. Eur J Radiol. 2012;81(5):934-939. |
Observational-Dx |
36 patients |
To examine the assessment of proximal biceps tendon lesions including degeneration, tendon luxation, and partial and complete tendon tears with 3T MR arthrography and CT arthrography. |
The pooled sensitivity for lesion detection for CT arthrography was 31% and the specificity 95%. The pooled sensitivity for MR arthrography was 27% and the specificity 94%. There were no statistically significant differences between CT and MR. The interobserver agreement calculated with the kappa statistic was poor for CT and for MR. Both CT arthrography and MR arthrography perform poorly in the detection of biceps tendon pathology of the shoulder. |
2 |
| 121. Petscavage-Thomas J, Gustas C. Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided to Fluoroscopy-Guided Biceps Tendon Sheath Therapeutic Injection. J Ultrasound Med. 35(10):2217-21, 2016 Oct. |
Observational-Tx |
50 fluoroscopy- and 53 ultrasound-guided
cases. |
To compare clinical outcomes, complication rates, procedure success rates, and financial costs of the two imaging-guided methods. |
The first-pass success rate was 90.6% for ultrasound compared to 74.0% for fluoroscopy. The final-pass success rate was 98.2% for ultrasound versus 92.0% for fluoroscopy. The mean fluoroscopy time was 57.6 seconds. Ultrasound showed preinjection abnormalities of the biceps tendon in 47.5% of cases. |
2 |
| 122. Sconfienza LM, Chianca V, Messina C, Albano D, Pozzi G, Bazzocchi A. Upper Limb Interventions. [Review]. Radiol Clin North Am. 57(5):1073-1082, 2019 Sep. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the clinical and technical aspects of the most common procedures performed in this anatomic area. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 123. Yiannakopoulos CK, Megaloikonomos PD, Foufa K, Gliatis J. Ultrasound-guided versus palpation-guided corticosteroid injections for tendinosis of the long head of the biceps: A randomized comparative study. Skeletal Radiol. 49(4):585-591, 2020 Apr. |
Observational-Tx |
44 patients. |
To compare accuracy, patient discomfort, and clinical outcome of ultrasound-guided versus palpation-guided corticosteroid injections to the bicipital groove in patients with long head of biceps (LHB) tendinosis. |
The mean duration of the procedure was 64 ± 6.87 s in group A and 81.91 ± 8.42 s in group B (p < 0.001). Injection accuracy in group A was 100% and in group B 68.18%. Discomfort was lower in group A, as compared to group B (22.10 vs. 35.50; p < 0.001). Symptoms, as measured by VAS, SANE and QuickDASH scores, improved in both groups at 4 weeks and 6 months (p < 0.05). Superior clinical improvement was recorded in group A in both time points (p < 0.05). |
1 |
| 124. Geannette C, Williams D, Berkowitz J, Miller TT. Ultrasound-Guided Biceps Tendon Sheath Injection: Spectrum of Preprocedure Appearances. J Ultrasound Med. 38(12):3267-3271, 2019 Dec. |
Observational-Tx |
300 US-guided biceps tendon sheath injections |
To determine the frequency of ultrasound (US) appearances of the extra-articular long head of the proximal biceps tendon in patients referred for US-guided biceps tendon sheath injections. |
Preliminary US evaluations revealed that 129 of 300 (43%) patients had a normal US appearance of the biceps tendon; 110 (36.6%) had tendinosis; 13 (4.3%) had tenosynovitis; 31 (10.3%) had both tendinosis and tenosynovitis; 8 (2.7%) had a biceps tendon tear; and 9 (3%) had a history of a tenodesis. Of 81 patients who had pain relief after the injection, 41 had a normal tendon appearance on US, and 40 had an abnormal US appearance. |
3 |
| 125. Zanetti M, Weishaupt D, Gerber C, Hodler J. Tendinopathy and rupture of the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle: evaluation with MR arthrography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1998;170(6):1557-1561. |
Observational-Dx |
42 patients |
To assess the diagnostic role of MR arthrography in patients with tendinopathy or rupture of the long biceps tendon. |
The most reliable MR findings for tendinopathy were caliber changes (sensitivity was 59% for observer 1 and 82% for observer 2; specificity was 88% and 64%, respectively) and signal abnormalities (sensitivity, 77% and 88%, respectively; specificity, 75% and 43%, respectively) in the parasagittal plane. Absence of visualization of the tendon in the parasagittal plane was a reliable sign for rupture (sensitivity, 86% and 86%, respectively; specificity, 94% and 87%, respectively). The overall sensitivity for detecting abnormalities (tendinopathy or rupture) was 92% for observer 1 and 89% for observer 2. Specificity was 56% and 81%, respectively. |
2 |
| 126. Loock E, Michelet A, D'Utruy A, et al. Magnetic resonance arthrography is insufficiently accurate to diagnose biceps lesions prior to rotator cuff repair. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy. 27(12):3970-3978, 2019 Dec. |
Observational-Dx |
66 patients. |
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy between magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) and arthroscopic examination for the assessment of pathologies of the long head of the biceps (LHB) prior to rotator cuff (RC) repair. |
Among the three observers, the radiologist obtained the highest sensitivity and specificity for MRA, which were respectively: (1) for static instability, 62% (C.I. 35-85) and 77% (C.I. 63-88); (2) for dynamic instability, 50% (C.I. 29-71) and 62% (C.I. 46-77), and (3) for tendinopathy, 49% (C.I. 36-62) and 100% (C.I. 3-100). |
2 |
| 127. Borrero CG, Costello J, Bertolet M, Vyas D. Effect of patient age on accuracy of primary MRI signs of long head of biceps tearing and instability in the shoulder: an MRI-arthroscopy correlation study. Skeletal Radiology. 47(2):203-214, 2018 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
89 subjects. |
To determine the effect of patient age on the accuracy of primary MRI signs of long head of biceps (LHB) tendon tearing and instability in the shoulder using arthroscopy as a reference standard. |
MRI sensitivity, regardless of age, ranged between 67-86% for grade 0, 72-94% for grade 1 and 82-94% for grade 2 tendons. Specificity ranged between 83-96% for grade 0, 75-85% for grade 1 and 99-100% for grade 2 tendons. MRI accuracy for detection of each LHB category was calculated for each age group. MRI was found to be least sensitive for grade 0 and 1 LHB tendons in the middle-aged group with sensitivity between 55-85% for grade 0 and 53-88% for grade 1 tendons. Agreement between MRI readers was moderate with an unweighted kappa statistic of 62%. |
2 |
| 128. Kang Y, Lee JW, Ahn JM, Lee E, Kang HS. Instability of the long head of the biceps tendon in patients with rotator cuff tear: evaluation on magnetic resonance arthrography of the shoulder with arthroscopic correlation. Skeletal Radiology. 46(10):1335-1342, 2017 Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
101 patients. |
To evaluate the diagnostic value of MR arthrography (MRA) in diagnosing instability of the LHBT in patients with rotator cuff tendon tear. |
The integrity of the LHBT was correctly classified in 74.3% (75/101) and 66.3% (67/101) by readers 1 and 2, respectively. The diagnosis of LHBT instability could be made on axial images with a sensitivity of 82.6% and 73.9% and specificity of 69.9% and 87.7%, whereas the displacement sign on sagittal images had a sensitivity of 73.9% and 78.3% and a specificity of 64.4% and 61.6%, respectively. Assessing the integrity of the SGHL had a sensitivity of 60.9 and 93.3% and a specificity of 70.4 and 75.0%, respectively. By combining the different image findings, the accuracy in assessing LHBT instability was 80.9 and 90.5% with a sensitivity of 60.9 and 86.7% and specificity of 83.1 and 91.8%, respectively. |
2 |
| 129. Beall DP, Williamson EE, Ly JQ, et al. Association of biceps tendon tears with rotator cuff abnormalities: degree of correlation with tears of the anterior and superior portions of the rotator cuff. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;180(3):633-639. |
Observational-Dx |
111 patients |
To examine the relationship and association of abnormalities seen in the long head of the biceps brachii tendon to abnormal findings in the rotator cuff. |
Twenty-three patients were identified with partial- or full-thickness tears of the long head of the biceps tendon. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of unenhanced MR imaging of the shoulder for detecting these bicipital tears were 52%, 86%, and 79%, respectively. When a tear was present in the biceps tendon, the prevalence of supraspinatous, infraspinatus, and subscapularis tendon tears was 96.2%, 34.6%, and 47.1%, respectively. Patients with biceps tendon tears were significantly more likely to also have subscapularis tendon tears (p < 0.0001) and supraspinatous tendon tears (p < 0.008) than those patients who did not have biceps tendon tears. No significant relationship was found between the presence or absence of a biceps tendon tear and the presence or absence of a infraspinatus or teres minor tendon tear (p = 0.17). |
3 |
| 130. Dubrow SA, Streit JJ, Shishani Y, Robbin MR, Gobezie R. Diagnostic accuracy in detecting tears in the proximal biceps tendon using standard nonenhancing shoulder MRI. Open Access J Sports Med. 2014;5:81-87. |
Observational-Dx |
66 patients |
To evaluate the accuracy of noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to arthroscopy for the diagnosis of pathology involving the intra-articular portion of the LHB tendon. |
MRI identified 29/66 (43.9%) of patients as having a pathologic lesion of the LHB tendon (19 partial and ten complete tears) while diagnostic arthroscopy identified tears in 59/66 patients (89.4%; 50 partial and 16 complete). The sensitivity and specificity of MRI for detecting partial tearing of the LHB were 27.7% and 84.2%, respectively (positive predictive value =81.2%, negative predictive value =32.0%). The sensitivity and specificity of MRI for complete tears of the LHB were 56.3% and 98.0%, respectively (positive predictive value =90.0%, negative predictive value =87.5%). |
3 |
| 131. Mohtadi NG, Vellet AD, Clark ML, et al. A prospective, double-blind comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy in the evaluation of patients presenting with shoulder pain. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2004;13(3):258-265. |
Observational-Dx |
58 patients |
To determine the diagnostic ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with a reference standard, arthroscopy, in patients presenting with shoulder pain consistent with the signs and symptoms of shoulder impingement. |
The prevalence of supraspinatus tendon, long head of the biceps tendon, and acromioclavicular joint pathology in this population was high: 79.3%, 66%, and 56%, respectively. MRI was highly accurate in detecting full-thickness supraspinatus tears and acromioclavicular joint pathology. However, it had poor concordance with arthroscopy in diagnosing pathology in the biceps tendon and in classifying the curvature of the acromion. A smaller number of other abnormal structures were identified in this population of patients, including labral abnormalities (superior labral anterior-posterior and Bankart tears), Hill-Sachs lesions, and articular surface damage. |
2 |
| 132. Kim JY, Rhee SM, Rhee YG. Accuracy of MRI in diagnosing intra-articular pathology of the long head of the biceps tendon: results with a large cohort of patients. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 20(1):270, 2019 Jun 01. |
Observational-Dx |
554 patients. |
To determine the diagnostic value of standard non-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting LHBT pathology and identify the most useful diagnostic signs on MRI. |
Arthroscopic findings showed LHBT pathology in 124 (22.4%) cases. High diagnostic efficacy was achieved when 'at least 2 abnormal signs' was set as diagnostic criteria (sensitivity: 77.9%; specificity: 93.7%; positive predictive value: 76.3%). Types II and III lesions showed the highest sensitivities (36.8 and 66.7%, respectively) in abnormal alteration of signal intensity in the parasagittal view while Type IV showed the highest sensitivity (82.3%) in diameter change in axial view. Interobserver agreements were substantial to almost perfect, with kappa value of 0.69-0.81. |
2 |
| 133. Burke CJ, Mahanty SR, Pham H, et al. MRI, arthroscopic and histopathologic cross correlation in biceps tenodesis specimens with emphasis on the normal appearing proximal tendon. Clinical Imaging. 54:126-132, 2019 Mar - Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
23 samples |
To correlate the histopathologic appearances of resected long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) specimens following biceps tenodesis, with pre-operative MRI and arthroscopic findings, with attention to the radiologically normal biceps. |
Twenty-three LHBT resected samples were identified on MRI as either normal (Reader 1 n = 15; Reader 2 n = 14) or demonstrating low-grade increased signal (Reader 1 n = 8; Reader 2 n = 9). Of these, 86.9% demonstrated a histopathological abnormality. 50% of samples with histopathological abnormality demonstrated normal appearance on MRI. The most common reported histopathology finding was myxoid degeneration (73.9%) and fibrosis (52.2%). The most common arthroscopic abnormality was fraying (18.2%) and erythema (13.6%). Utilizing histopathology as the gold standard, the two radiologists demonstrated a sensitivity of 35.0% v 42.9%, specificity of 66.7% v 100%, PPV of 87.5% v 100%, and NPV of 13.3% v 14.3%. Corresponding arthroscopic inspection demonstrated a sensitivity of 31.6%, specificity of 66.6%, PPV 85.7% and NPV of 13.3%. There was moderate agreement between the two radiologists, ? = 0.534 (95% CI, 0.177 to 0.891), p = 0.01. |
2 |
| 134. Nuelle CW, Stokes DC, Kuroki K, Crim JR, Sherman SL. Radiologic and Histologic Evaluation of Proximal Bicep Pathology in Patients With Chronic Biceps Tendinopathy Undergoing Open Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis. Arthroscopy. 34(6):1790-1796, 2018 06. |
Observational-Dx |
16 patients. |
To correlate preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative anatomic findings within the proximal long head biceps tendon to histologic evaluation of 3 separate zones of the tendon in patients with chronic biceps tendinopathy. |
Preoperative MRI showed no significant differences in tendon appearance between zones 1-3. Intraoperative findings included nonspecific degenerative SLAP tears or mild/moderate biceps tenosynovitis in all cases. Significantly (P < .001) higher Bonar scores were noted for tendon in zones 1 (7.9 ± 1.8) and 2 (7.3 ± 1.5) compared with zone 3 (5.0 ± 1.1). Cell morphology scores in zone 1 (1.9 ± 0.4) and zone 2 (1.5 ± 0.6) were significantly higher than that in zone 3 (0.8 ± 0.3) (P < .05). Inflammatory tenosynovium showed weak correlation with tendon changes in zone 1 (r = 0.08), zone 2 (r = 0.03), or zone 3 (r = 0.1). |
2 |
| 135. Khil EK, Cha JG, Yi JS, et al. Detour sign in the diagnosis of subluxation of the long head of the biceps tendon with arthroscopic correlation. Br J Radiol. 90(1070):20160375, 2017 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
65 patients. |
To determine whether detection of the detour sign via MRI indicates subluxation of the long head of the biceps tendon (SLBT) in the shoulder joint and to investigate the association of SLBT with the degeneration of the long head of the biceps tendon (LBT) and rotator cuff tears. |
Arthroscopy identified SLBT in 18 patients. When the MRI diagnosis was based on Criterion 1 alone, SLBT was diagnosed with a sensitivity of 44.4-55.6% and 75.4-80% accuracy. However, when the MRI diagnosis was based on Criteria 1 plus 2, SLBT was diagnosed with a sensitivity of 83.3-94.4% and 78.5-81.5% accuracy. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the diagnostic sensitivity of Criteria 1 and 2. |
2 |
| 136. Yoon JS, Kim SJ, Choi YR, Lee W, Kim SH, Chun YM. Medial Subluxation or Dislocation of the Biceps on Magnetic Resonance Arthrography Is Reliably Correlated with Concurrent Subscapularis Full-Thickness Tears Confirmed Arthroscopically. BioMed Research International. 2018:2674061, 2018. |
Observational-Dx |
432 patients. |
To investigate the relationship between biceps medial subluxation/dislocation on the magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) imaging and subscapularis full-thickness tear confirmed arthroscopically. |
Biceps subluxation/dislocation was identified in 46 of the 432 patients on MRA. Forty-five of these 46 patients also had a subscapularis full-thickness tear identified in arthroscopic examination. Among the 386 patients who did not have biceps subluxation or dislocation, 54 patients had a subscapularis full-thickness tear diagnosed arthroscopically. The presence of a biceps subluxation/dislocation could predict a subscapularis full-thickness tear with sensitivity of 45% (45/99), specificity of 99% (332/333), positive predictive value of 98% (45/46), negative predictive value of 86% (332/386), and accuracy of 87% (377(45 +332)/432). |
2 |
| 137. Baptista E, Malavolta EA, Gracitelli MEC, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI for detection of tears and instability of proximal long head of biceps tendon: an evaluation of 100 shoulders compared with arthroscopy. Skeletal Radiology. 48(11):1723-1733, 2019 Nov. |
Observational-Dx |
100 patients |
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of instability and tears of the proximal long head of biceps tendon (LHBT). To assess intraobserver and interobserver agreement. |
Concerning the detection of overall tears, sensitivity ranged from 71 to 73% and specificity was 73%. The specificity for full-thickness tears ranged from 75 to 96%. Overall displacement showed sensitivity ranging from 51 to 58% and specificity ranging from 70 to 86%. The specificity of overall displacement combined with anterosuperior rotator cuff tears ranged from 73 to 91%. Interobserver Kappa values were between 0.59 and 0.69. Intraobserver Kappa values were between 0.74 and 0.82. |
2 |
| 138. Strakowski JA, Visco CJ. Diagnostic and therapeutic musculoskeletal ultrasound applications of the shoulder. Muscle & Nerve. 60(1):1-6, 2019 07. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To help develop scanning protocols for optimizing image acquisition for musculoskeletal assessment of the shoulder. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 139. Wengert GJ, Schmutzer M, Bickel H, et al. Reliability of high-resolution ultrasound and magnetic resonance arthrography of the shoulder in patients with sports-related shoulder injuries. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource]. 14(9):e0222783, 2019. |
Observational-Dx |
67 patients |
To evaluate in which anatomic structures and pathologies comparable results of US and MRA could be achieved. |
For the rotator cuff, consistency was found in 71.64% for the supraspinatus tendon, in 95.52% for the infraspinatus tendon, in 83.58% for the subscapularis tendon, and in 98.51% for the teres minor tendon. The diagnostic accuracy between both modalities was 80.60% for the LHB tendon, 77.61% for the posterior labroligamentous complex, 83.58% for the acromioclavicular joint, and 91.04% for the assessment of osseous irregularities and impaction fractures. |
3 |
| 140. Iannotti JP, Jun BJ, Patterson TE, Ricchetti ET. Quantitative Measurement of Osseous Pathology in Advanced Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 99(17):1460-1468, 2017 Sep 06. |
Review/Other-Dx |
155 cases of advanced glenohumeral osteoarthritis. |
To use 3-dimensional computed tomography (3-D CT) imaging analysis to define common pathologic subtypes that can be differentiated from the current Walch classification. |
We defined 2 new glenoid subtypes (B3 and C2) for which the glenoid pathology and humeral alignment were not defined in the original Walch classification. The B3 glenoid has high pathologic retroversion, normal premorbid version, and acquired central and posterior bone loss that, on average, is greater than that of the B2 glenoid. The C2 glenoid is dysplastic with high pathologic retroversion, high premorbid version, and acquired posterior bone loss, giving it the appearance of a biconcave glenoid with posterior translation of the humeral head. |
4 |
| 141. Siebert MJ, Chalian M, Sharifi A, et al. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of glenoid bone stock and glenoid version: inter-reader analysis and correlation with rotator cuff tendinopathy and atrophy in patients with shoulder osteoarthritis. Skeletal Radiol. 49(6):985-993, 2020 Jun. |
Observational-Dx |
43 patients. |
To determine if glenoid bone loss correlates with rotator cuff muscle fatty infiltration (FI), tendinopathy, and atrophy. |
There was a very strong negative correlation between increasing glenoid version and HSI (r = - 0.908; p < 0.0001). There was a moderately negative correlation between anterior bone loss and HSI (r = - 0.562; p < 0.0001) and a moderately positive correlation between posterior bone loss and HSI (r = 0.555; p < 0.0001). Subscapularis muscle FI correlated moderately with increased anterior and central bone loss and increased humeral head medialization (r = 0.512, p = 0.0294; r = 0.479, p = 0.033; r = 0.494, p = 0.0294; respectively). |
3 |
| 142. Gimarc DC, Lee KS. Shoulder MR Imaging Versus Ultrasound: How to Choose. [Review]. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America. 28(2):317-330, 2020 May. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To understand the role of MRI and US in regards to rotator cuff pathology to appropriately use these modalities in clinical practice, including the unique interventional opportunities available with US. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 143. Parada SA, Shaw KA, Antosh IJ, et al. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates With Computed Tomography for Glenoid Version Calculation Despite Lack of Visibility of Medial Scapula. Arthroscopy. 36(1):99-105, 2020 01. |
Observational-Dx |
32 patients. |
To assess the accuracy of measuring glenoid version on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the presence of varying amounts of the medial scapula body as compared with the gold standard of glenoid version measured on computed tomography (CT) imaging, including the entire scapula in a cohort of young patients with shoulder instability and without glenohumeral arthritis. |
The mean available scapular body width was 24.7 mm longer on CT as compared with MRI (95% confidence interval 17.5-31.9, P < .0001; 109.8 ± 8.2 mm vs 85.1 ± 16.9 mm, respectively), with MRI having an average of 78.2% (±17.6%) of the CT scapular width shown on CT. No significant difference in glenoid version was found between MRI and CT (95% confidence interval -0.87 to 1.75, P = .499; MRI -2.57° vs CT -2.13°). |
3 |
| 144. Lowe JT, Testa EJ, Li X, Miller S, DeAngelis JP, Jawa A. Magnetic resonance imaging is comparable to computed tomography for determination of glenoid version but does not accurately distinguish between Walch B2 and C classifications. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 26(4):669-673, 2017 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
30 patients. |
To compare the accuracy of MRI to CT for assessment of glenoid version and Walch classification. |
Mean glenoid version was -15.5° and -18.6° by CT and MRI, respectively (P = .17). Interobserver reliability coefficients were good for both imaging modalities (CT, 0.73; MRI, 0.62). Intraobserver coefficients were good to excellent for CT (range, 0.76-0.87) and good for MRI (range, 0.75-0.79). For Walch classification, interobserver reliability for both modalities was merely fair, whereas intraobserver reliability was moderate to good. Although identification of type A1, A2, and B1 was nearly identical between CT and MRI, there was observer disagreement on type B2 (P = .001) and C glenoids (P = .03). |
3 |
| 145. Aronowitz JG, Harmsen WS, Schleck CD, Sperling JW, Cofield RH, Sanchez-Sotelo J. Radiographs and computed tomography scans show similar observer agreement when classifying glenoid morphology in glenohumeral arthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 26(9):1533-1538, 2017 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
75 consecutive shoulders with primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. |
To determine the reliability of plain axillary radiographs compared with CT scans. |
The first reading by the most senior observer based on CT was arbitrarily used as the "gold standard" (A1, 21; A2, 13; B1, 12; B2, 28; C, 1). The average intraobserver agreement for radiographs was 0.66 (substantial; 0.66, 0.59, and 0.74 for each observer). The average intraobserver agreement for CT scans was 0.60 (moderate; 0.53, 0.61, and 0.65). Pairwise comparisons between observers showed higher agreement for radiographs than for CT scans (0.48 vs. 0.39). The average agreement for observations on radiographs and CT scans was 0.42 (moderate; 0.40, 0.37, and 0.50). |
2 |
| 146. Habermeyer P, Magosch P, Weis C, et al. Classification of humeral head pathomorphology in primary osteoarthritis: a radiographic and in vivo photographic analysis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 26(12):2193-2199, 2017 Dec. |
Review/Other-Dx |
55 patients |
To characterize the pathologic changes of the osteoarthritic humeral head. |
In the coronal plane, 82% of patients presented with an aspherical humeral head shape with a significantly longer caudal osteophyte. In the transverse plane, 50% of all patients showed a decentered apex. Patients with an aspherical humeral head shape in the transverse plane showed an aspherical humeral head shape in the coronal plane in 94% and a significantly longer osteophyte than patients with spherical humeral head shape, showing a 3-dimensional deformity of the humeral head during progression of primary osteoarthritis. Patients with an osteophyte length between 7 and 12 mm were associated with a glenoid type B2 in 30% and a decentered apex in the transverse plane in 38%. Patients with a humeral osteophyte longer than 13 mm were significantly more frequently associated with a type B2 glenoid (71%; P < .0001) and a decentered apex in the transverse plane in 52%. |
4 |
| 147. Shukla DR, McLaughlin RJ, Lee J, Cofield RH, Sperling JW, Sanchez-Sotelo J. Intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the modified Walch classification using radiographs and computed tomography. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 28(4):625-630, 2019 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
100 consecutive shoulders (98 patients). |
To evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver agreement of the modified Walch classification system using both plain radiographs and computed tomography (CT). |
The first reading by the most senior observer on the basis of CT scans was used as the gold standard (distribution: A1, 18; A2, 12; B1, 20; B2, 25; B3, 22; C, 1; and D, 2). The average intraobserver agreement for radiographs and CT scans was 0.73 (substantial; 0.72, 0.74, and 0.72) and 0.73 (substantial; 0.77, 0.69, and 0.72), respectively. The average interobserver agreement was 0.55 (moderate; 0.61, 0.51, and 0.53) for radiographs and 0.52 (moderate; 0.63, 0.50, and 0.43) for CT scans. |
2 |
| 148. Mantell MT, Nelson R, Lowe JT, Endrizzi DP, Jawa A. Critical shoulder angle is associated with full-thickness rotator cuff tears in patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 26(12):e376-e381, 2017 Dec. |
Observational-Dx |
31 patients and 62 controls |
To investigate whether patients with concurrent glenohumeral OA and full-thickness RCTs demonstrate a higher CSA than patients with OA alone. |
The average CSA was 30° in the OA control group and 35° in the concurrent RCT and OA group (P < .0001). Acromiohumeral index was comparable between the groups (P = .13). Interobserver reliability of the independent reviewers was excellent (? = 0.89; ? = 0.95). The receiver operating characteristic curve for CSA demonstrated that a value >35° was 90% specific and 52% sensitive for a full-thickness RCT in the setting of OA (area under curve = 0.84). |
3 |
| 149. Kim YS, Jin HK, Lee HJ, Cho HL, Lee WS, Jang HJ. Is It Safe to Inject Corticosteroids Into the Glenohumeral Joint After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair?. Am J Sports Med. 47(7):1694-1700, 2019 06. |
Observational-Tx |
80 patients |
To evaluate the effect of intra-articular corticosteroid injections on the clinical outcomes and cuff integrity of patients after rotator cuff repair. |
At 3 months postoperatively, patients in group 1 had a significantly higher ROM with respect to forward flexion ( P = .05), external rotation at the side ( P = .05), and external rotation at abduction ( P = .04) as compared with group 2, whereas no significant difference was noted between the groups for internal rotation behind the back ( P = .65). Patients in group 1 had significantly lower visual analog scale pain scores ( P = .02) and higher ASES scores (group 1, 68.90; group 2, 60.28; P = .02) at 3-month follow-up. However, there was no significant difference after 6 months with respect to ROM and ASES scores (group 1, 77.80; group 2, 75.88; P = .33). Retears (Sugaya classification IV and V) were determined by MRI at 12 months and observed in a total of 7 patients (8.8%): 3 from group 1 (7.5%) and 4 from group 2 (10%). No retears were observed on MRI in the remaining 73 patients (91.2%): 37 patients from group 1 and 36 patients from group 2. There was no statistically significant difference in rate of retears between groups ( P = .69). |
1 |
| 150. Samim M, Beltran L. The Postoperative Rotator Cuff. [Review]. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America. 28(2):181-194, 2020 May. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the common surgical procedures for the reparable and nonreparable massive rotator cuff tears, their expected postoperative MR imaging findings, and imaging appearance of a range of complications. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 151. Mohana-Borges AV, Chung CB, Resnick D. MR imaging and MR arthrography of the postoperative shoulder: spectrum of normal and abnormal findings. Radiographics. 2004;24(1):69-85. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To survey conventional and new surgical procedures for the repair of shoulder impingement and instability; describe normal and abnormal findings at postoperative follow-up imaging; and compare the advantages and limitations of different MR imaging techniques and sequences in evaluation of the postoperative shoulder. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 152. Ball CM. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: magnetic resonance arthrogram assessment of tendon healing. Journal of Shoulder & Elbow Surgery. 28(11):2161-2170, 2019 Nov. |
Observational-Dx |
48 shoulders |
To provide a better understanding of the magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) characteristics of the RC tendon repair site after arthroscopic RC repair and to examine how these findings influence patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and the presence of persistent symptoms. |
The average preoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score of 39.5 improved to 92.8 (P < .001). All but 6 patients (87.5%) had increased signal intensity of the involved tendon, with interstitial splits and/or delamination in 65.6%. These changes had no effect on PROMs or patient satisfaction. Significant partial-thickness tears (>50%) were observed in 7 patients (14.6%), with no effect on outcomes (average ASES score of 95.2 and satisfaction score of 9). There were 2 recurrent full-thickness tears (4.2%), and 4 patients (8.3%) had a failure in continuity. The average ASES score in these 6 cases of failure was 76 (P < .001). |
4 |
| 153. Bancroft LW, Wasyliw C, Pettis C, Farley T. Postoperative shoulder magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2012;20(2):313-325, xi. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To give a pictorial review of various expected postoperative findings in the shoulder and complications related to repair of the rotator cuff and labrum. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 154. Micic I, Kholinne E, Kwak JM, Koh KH, Jeon IH. Osteolysis is observed around both bioabsorbable and nonabsorbable anchors on serial magnetic resonance images of patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica. 53(6):414-419, 2019 Nov. |
Observational-Tx |
50 patients. |
To evaluate the incidence of osteolysis around the bioabsorbable and nonabsorbable anchors using serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to determine the relationship between osteolysis and the retear rate after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. |
The incidences of osteolysis at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively were 1%, 4%, and 6% with nonabsorbable anchors and 13%, 29%, and 39% with bioabsorbable anchors, respectively. The incidences of osteolysis were significantly higher with the bioabsorbable anchors than with the nonabsorbable anchors (P < 0.005 for all three follow-ups). There was no significant difference between osteolysis and non-osteolysis groups regarding the retear rate or retear size (P = 0.189 and 0.069, respectively). |
2 |
| 155. Hamano N, Yamamoto A, Shitara H, et al. Does successful rotator cuff repair improve muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff? A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study performed shortly after surgery as a reference. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 26(6):967-974, 2017 Jun. |
Observational-Tx |
94 patients. |
To evaluate muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration using MRI scans taken shortly after surgery as a baseline reference. |
Muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus were significantly improved at 2 years after surgery in comparison to 2 weeks after surgery. The subjects' abduction and external rotation strength was also significantly improved at 2 years after surgery in comparison to the preoperative values. Patients whose occupation ratio was improved had a better abduction range of motion, stronger abduction strength, and higher Constant score. Patients whose fatty infiltration was improved had a better range of motion in flexion and abduction, whereas the improvements of muscle strength and the Constant score were similar in the group that showed an improvement of fatty infiltration and the group that did not. |
2 |
| 156. Lhee SH, Singh AK, Lee DY. Does magnetic resonance imaging appearance of supraspinatus muscle atrophy change after repairing rotator cuff tears?. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 26(3):416-423, 2017 Mar. |
Review/Other-Dx |
209 patients |
To determine whether supraspinatus muscle atrophy appearance changes after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair and to quantify the change in appearance on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), if any, based on age and tendon retraction. |
There was a significant increase in the occupancy ratio in the mild (P =.001) and moderate-severe (P =.003) subgroup from their preoperative values. In the mild subgroup, the occupancy ratio was significantly greater in the group aged <60 years compared with the group aged >60 years (P =.010). But in the moderate subgroup there was no significant difference between the 2 age groups (P =.710). |
4 |
| 157. Gulotta LV, Nho SJ, Dodson CC, Adler RS, Altchek DW, MacGillivray JD. Prospective evaluation of arthroscopic rotator cuff repairs at 5 years: part II--prognostic factors for clinical and radiographic outcomes. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2011;20(6):941-946. |
Observational-Tx |
106 patients |
To report prognostic factors for successful clinical and radiographic outcomes at 5 years. |
At 5 years, 106 patients completed follow-up. There were no pre- or intraoperative variables that were predictive of an ASES score >90. Factors predictive of a radiographic defect were larger size of the lesion (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.04-2.85, P = .03), multiple tendon involvement (OR 5.56, 95% CI 1.23-25.22, P = .02), older age (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.04-1.28, P = .01), concomitant biceps (OR 16.16, 95% CI 3.01-86.65, P = .001), and acromioclavicular joint procedures (OR 6.70, 95% CI 1.46-30.73, P = .01). Radiographic healing did not correspond to clinical outcomes. Resolution of a radiographic defect was seen in 14 patients. Younger age (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.74-0.95, P = .004) and single-tendon tears (OR 7.59, 95% CI 1.71-84.45, P = .04) were predictive. |
2 |
| 158. Gilat R, Atoun E, Cohen O, et al. Recurrent rotator cuff tear: is ultrasound imaging reliable?. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 27(7):1263-1267, 2018 Jul. |
Observational-Dx |
39 patients. |
To assess the reliability of ultrasonography (US) for the detection of recurrent rotator cuff tears in patients with shoulder pain after rotator cuff tear. |
A rotator cuff retear was indicated by US in 21 patients (54%) and by revision arthroscopy in 26 patients (67%). US showed a sensitivity of 80.8% and specificity of 100% in the diagnosis of rotator cuff retears. Omission of partial rotator cuff retears resulted in a spike in sensitivity to 94.7%, with 100% specificity remaining. |
3 |
| 159. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Radiation Dose Assessment Introduction. Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Appropriateness-Criteria/RadiationDoseAssessmentIntro.pdf. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To provide evidence-based guidelines on exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. |
No abstract available. |
4 |
