1. Jauniaux E, Chantraine F, Silver RM, Langhoff-Roos J, Diagnosis FPA, Management Expert Consensus P. FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Epidemiology. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2018;140:265-73. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To provide consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
2. Abuhamad A. Morbidly adherent placenta. Semin Perinatol. 2013;37(5):359-364. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To describe the successful management of placenta accreta. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
3. D'Antonio F, Iacovella C, Bhide A. Prenatal identification of invasive placentation using ultrasound: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013;42(5):509-517. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To provide up-to-date and evidence-based answers to common clinical questions regarding the diagnosis and management of morbidly adherent placenta (MAP). |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
4. Practice Bulletin No. 175: Ultrasound in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(6):e241-e256. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To present information and evidence regarding the methodology of, indications for, benefits of, and risks associated with obstetric ultrasonography in specific clinical situations. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
5. Belfort MA. Placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 203(5):430-439. |
Review/Other-Dx |
1 patient |
Case report and review of prenatal diagnosis of placenta previa accrete with power amplitude ultrasonic angiography. |
It is recommended that randomized clinical studies be performed to compare its effectiveness with gray-scale US and conventional color Doppler imaging in diagnosing placenta previa accreta, especially in detecting inconspicuous placental lakes in some unusual cases that are difficult to define by conventional imaging techniques. Finally, gray-scale and color Doppler imaging are likely to remain the primary means of US assessment of mother, fetus, and placenta for the immediate future, whereas power amplitude ultrasonic imaging is likely to play a more defining and clarifying role. |
4 |
6. Stirnemann JJ, Mousty E, Chalouhi G, Salomon LJ, Bernard JP, Ville Y. Screening for placenta accreta at 11-14 weeks of gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011;205(6):547 e541-546. |
Observational-Dx |
363 patients |
To describe the potential value of 11-14 weeks' screening for placenta accreta (PA). |
In all, 6 of 105 (5.8%) women were considered high-risk. In the nonscreened group, 1 case of PA was discovered during an elective repeat cesarean. In the screened population, 1 case of PA occurred in a high-risk patient allowing a conservative planned management at 35 weeks. |
2 |
7. Thurn L, Lindqvist PG, Jakobsson M, et al. Abnormally invasive placenta-prevalence, risk factors and antenatal suspicion: results from a large population-based pregnancy cohort study in the Nordic countries. BJOG. 123(8):1348-55, 2016 Jul. |
Observational-Tx |
205 patients |
To investigate prevalence, estimate risk factors, and antenatal suspicion of abnormally invasive placenta (AIP) associated with laparotomy in women in the Nordic countries. |
A total of 205 cases of AIP in association with laparotomy were identified, representing 3.4 per 10 000 deliveries. The single most important risk factor, which was reported in 49% of all cases of AIP, was placenta praevia. The risk of AIP increased seven-fold after one prior caesarean section (CS) to 56-fold after three or more CS. Prior postpartum haemorrhage was associated with six-fold increased risk of AIP (95% confidence interval 3.7-10.9). Approximately 70% of all cases were not diagnosed antepartum. Of these, 39% had prior CS and 33% had placenta praevia. |
2 |
8. Clark SL, Koonings PP, Phelan JP. Placenta previa/accreta and prior cesarean section. Obstet Gynecol. 1985;66(1):89-92. |
Observational-Dx |
97,799 patients |
To assess the relationship between increasing numbers of previous cesarean sections and the subsequent development of placenta previa and placenta accreta. |
The risk of placenta previa was 0.26% with an unscarred uterus and increased almost linearly with the number of prior cesarean sections to 10% in patients with four or more. The effect of advancing age and parity on the incidence of placenta previa was much less dramatic. Patients presenting with a placenta previa and an unscarred uterus had a 5% risk of clinical placenta accreta. With a placenta previa and one previous cesarean section, the risk of placenta accreta was 24%; this risk continued to increase to 67% (two of three) with a placenta previa and four or more cesarean sections. |
4 |
9. Silver RM, Landon MB, Rouse DJ, et al. Maternal morbidity associated with multiple repeat cesarean deliveries. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 107(6):1226-1232. |
Observational-Dx |
30,132 cesarean deliveries; 723 women with previa |
To estimate the magnitude of increased maternal morbidity associated with increasing number of cesarean deliveries. |
There were 6,201 first (primary), 15,808 second, 6,324 third, 1,452 fourth, 258 fifth, and 89 sixth or more cesarean deliveries. The risks of placenta accreta, cystotomy, bowel injury, ureteral injury, and ileus, the need for postoperative ventilation, intensive care unit admission, hysterectomy, and blood transfusion requiring 4 or more units, and the duration of operative time and hospital stay significantly increased with increasing number of cesarean deliveries. Placenta accreta was present in 15 (0.24%), 49 (0.31%), 36 (0.57%), 31 (2.13%), 6 (2.33%), and 6 (6.74%) women undergoing their first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth or more cesarean deliveries, respectively. Hysterectomy was required in 40 (0.65%) first, 67 (0.42%) second, 57 (0.90%) third, 35 (2.41%) fourth, 9 (3.49%) fifth, and 8 (8.99%) sixth or more cesarean deliveries. In the 723 women with previa, the risk for placenta accreta was 3%, 11%, 40%, 61%, and 67% for first, second, third, fourth, and fifth or more repeat cesarean deliveries, respectively. |
4 |
10. Vintzileos AM, Ananth CV, Smulian JC. Using ultrasound in the clinical management of placental implantation abnormalities. [Review]. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 213(4 Suppl):S70-7, 2015 Oct. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To propose literature-supported guidelines to the current opinion-based management of asymptomatic patients with placental implantation abnormalities based on relevant and specific ultrasound findings such as cervical length, distance between the internal cervical os and placenta, and placental edge thickness. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
11. Jauniaux E, Bhide A, Kennedy A, et al. FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Prenatal diagnosis and screening. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2018;140:274-80. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To provide consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders pertaining to prenatal diagnosis and screening. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
12. Allen L, Jauniaux E, Hobson S, et al. FIGO consensus guidelines on placenta accreta spectrum disorders: Nonconservative surgical management. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2018;140:281-90. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the evidence-based data on nonconservative surgery(ie cesarean hysterectomy) for the management of PAS disorders. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
13. Society of Gynecologic O, American College of O, Gynecologists, et al. Placenta Accreta Spectrum. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 2018;219:B2-B16. |
Review/Other-Tx |
N/A |
To review the management of placenta accreta spectrum. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
14. Baughman WC, Corteville JE, Shah RR. Placenta accreta: spectrum of US and MR imaging findings. Radiographics. 2008; 28(7):1905-1916. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To evaluate the spectrum of US and MRI findings of placenta accreta. |
US remains the diagnostic standard and routine US examination at 18-20 weeks gestation affords an ideal opportunity to screen for the disorder. Placental lacunae and abnormal color Doppler imaging patterns are the most helpful US markers for placenta accreta. In recent years, there has been increased interest in MRI for the evaluation of placenta accreta, since it can provide information on depth of invasion and more clearly depict posterior placentas. The most reliable MRI findings are uterine bulging, heterogeneous placenta, and placental bands. Focal interruptions in the hypointense myometrial border may also be helpful. Placenta accreta is a clinical and diagnostic challenge that is being encountered with increasing frequency. Clinicians should be aware of the clinical issues, risk factors, and imaging findings associated with placenta accreta to facilitate optimal case management. |
4 |
15. American College of Radiology. ACR-ACOG-AIUM-SMFM-SRU Practice Parameter for the Performance of Standard Diagnostic Obstetrical Ultrasound. Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Practice-Parameters/us-ob.pdf |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To promote the safe and effective use of diagnostic and therapeutic radiology by describing the key elements of standard ultrasound examinations in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy. |
No abstract available. |
4 |
16. Chou MM, Ho ES, Lee YH. Prenatal diagnosis of placenta previa accreta by transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000; 15(1):28-35. |
Observational-Dx |
80 patients |
Prospective evaluation of the efficacy of transabdominal color Doppler US in diagnosing placenta previa accreta. |
Color Doppler imaging in the diagnosis of placenta previa: Sensitivity 82.4%, specificity 96.8%. The PPV and NPV were 87.5% (14/16) and 95.3% (61/64), respectively. Variable vascular morphological patterns of placenta previa accreta were exhibited and categorized by transabdominal color Doppler US in the antenatal period. |
3 |
17. Dwyer BK, Belogolovkin V, Tran L, et al. Prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta: sonography or magnetic resonance imaging? J Ultrasound Med. 2008; 27(9):1275-1281. |
Observational-Dx |
32 patients |
To compare the accuracy of TAS and MRI for prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta. |
US correctly identified the presence of placenta accreta in 14/15 patients (93% sensitivity; 95% CI, 80%-100%) and the absence of placenta accreta in 12/17 patients (71% specificity; 95% CI, 49%-93%). MRI correctly identified the presence of placenta accreta in 12/15 patients (80% sensitivity; 95% CI, 60%-100%) and the absence of placenta accreta in 11/17 patients (65% specificity; 95% CI, 42%-88%). |
4 |
18. Esakoff TF, Sparks TN, Kaimal AJ, et al. Diagnosis and morbidity of placenta accreta. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2011;37(3):324-327. |
Observational-Dx |
108 patients |
To examine the diagnostic precision of ultrasound examination for placenta accreta in women with placenta previa and to compare the morbidity associated with accreta to that of previa alone. |
The PPV of an ultrasound diagnosis of accreta was 68% and NPV was 98%. Ultrasound had a sensitivity of 89.5%. Compared with previa alone, accreta had an odds ratio (OR) of 89.6 (95% CI, 19.44-412.95) for estimated blood loss > 2 L, an OR of 29.6 (95% CI, 8.20-107.00) for transfusion and an OR of 8.52 (95% CI, 2.58-28.11) for length of hospital stay > 4 days. |
3 |
19. Shih JC, Palacios Jaraquemada JM, Su YN, et al. Role of three-dimensional power Doppler in the antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta: comparison with gray-scale and color Doppler techniques. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009; 33(2):193-203. |
Observational-Dx |
170 women |
To prospectively assess the role of 3D power Doppler in the antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta and compare its diagnostic performance with gray-scale and color Doppler US. |
Placenta accreta and its variants (including increta and percreta) were confirmed in 39 patients at the time of cesarean delivery. Based on receiver-operating characteristics analysis, 'numerous coherent vessels' visualized using 3D power Doppler in the basal view was the best single criterion for the diagnosis of placenta accreta, with a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 92%. If we considered the presence of at least one criterion to be diagnostic when using each US technique, then 3D power Doppler would have the best PPV (76%), followed by gray-scale (51%) and color Doppler (47%). The majority of patients with placenta accreta showed multiple characteristic features on US imaging. In contrast, those patients with a false-positive diagnosis (ie, the final diagnosis was placenta previa alone) tended to show isolated US markers of the condition. |
3 |
20. Warshak CR, Eskander R, Hull AD, et al. Accuracy of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of placenta accreta. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 108(3 Pt 1):573-581. |
Observational-Dx |
453 women |
To determine the precision and reliability of US and MRI in diagnosing placenta accreta. |
39 had placenta accreta confirmed by pathological examination. US accurately predicted placenta accreta in 30/39 of women and correctly ruled out placenta accreta in 398/414 without placenta accreta (sensitivity 0.77, specificity 0.96). 42 women underwent MRI evaluation because of findings suspicious or inconclusive of placenta accreta by US. MRI accurately predicted placenta accreta in 23/26 cases with placenta accreta and correctly ruled out placenta accreta in 14/14 (sensitivity 0.88, specificity 1.0). |
3 |
21. Wong HS, Cheung YK, Zuccollo J, Tait J, Pringle KC. Evaluation of sonographic diagnostic criteria for placenta accreta. J Clin Ultrasound. 2008; 36(9):551-559. |
Observational-Dx |
66 women |
To compare the diagnostic value of reported sonographic criteria for placenta accreta and to develop a composite score system for antenatal evaluation. |
The criteria of obliteration of retroplacental clear space, a myometrial thickness of <1 mm, presence of vessels bridging placenta and uterine margin, disruption of the placental-uterine wall interface, and vessels crossing the sites of interface disruption showed a statistically significant association with placenta accreta. The disruption of the placental-uterine wall interface and the presence of vessels crossing these sites were the only 2 individual criteria that could distinguish placenta accreta from non-accreta, which could also be achieved by our composite score system using a cutoff value of 40, with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 98%. |
3 |
22. Timor-Tritsch IE, Monteagudo A, Cali G, et al. Cesarean scar pregnancy is a precursor of morbidly adherent placenta. Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014;44:346-53. |
Observational-Tx |
10 patients |
To provide further sonographic, clinical and histological evidence that Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is a precursor to and an early form of second- and third-trimester morbidly adherent placenta (MAP). |
The ultrasound diagnosis of CSP was made before 10 weeks. By the second trimester, all patients exhibited sonographic signs of MAP. Nine of the 10 patients delivered liveborn neonates between 32 and 37 weeks. In the tenth pregnancy, progressive shortening of the cervix and intractable vaginal bleeding prompted termination, with hysterectomy, at 20 weeks. Two other patients in the cohort had antepartum complications (bleeding at 33 weeks in one case and contractions at 32 weeks in the other). All patients underwent hysterectomy at the time of Cesarean delivery, with total blood loss ranging from 300 to 6000 mL. Placenta percreta was the histopathological diagnosis in all 10 cases. |
4 |
23. Chen YJ, Wang PH, Liu WM, Lai CR, Shu LP, Hung JH. Placenta accreta diagnosed at 9 weeks' gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2002;19(6):620-622. |
Review/Other-Dx |
1 patient |
To describe a case in which these abnormal findings were detected at9 weeks’ gestation in a patient with a poor obstetric history. |
To our knowledge, this is the first case of placenta accreta detected at 9 weeks' gestation by ultrasound. |
4 |
24. Hopker M, Fleckenstein G, Heyl W, Sattler B, Emons G. Placenta percreta in week 10 of pregnancy with consecutive hysterectomy: case report. Hum Reprod. 2002;17(3):817-820. |
Review/Other-Dx |
1 patient |
To report on a patient with abdominal pain in week 10 of pregnancy. |
Histological examination revealed a placenta percreta. |
4 |
25. Yang JI, Kim HY, Kim HS, Ryu HS. Diagnosis in the first trimester of placenta accreta with previous Cesarean section. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009;34(1):116-118. |
Review/Other-Dx |
1 patient |
To report a case of placenta increta associated with previous Cesarean delivery, diagnosed by sonography during the first trimester, enabling earlier counseling of the parents and planning of appropriate treatment. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
26. Welsh AW, Ellwood D, Carter J, Peduto AJ, Vedelago J, Bennett M. Opinion: integration of diagnostic and management perspectives for placenta accreta. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2009;49(6):578-587. |
Review/Other-Tx |
N/A |
To discuss multidisciplinary perspectives on the management of placenta accreta, percreta or increta. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
27. American College of Radiology. ACR–SPR Practice Parameter for the Safe and Optimal Performance of Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Practice-Parameters/mr-fetal.pdf |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To promote safe and optimal performance of fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). |
No abstract available. |
4 |
28. Alamo L, Anaye A, Rey J, et al. Detection of suspected placental invasion by MRI: do the results depend on observer' experience? Eur J Radiol. 2013;82(2):e51-57. |
Observational-Dx |
25 patients |
To evaluate the diagnostic value of previously described MR features used for detecting suspected placental invasion according to observers' experience. |
Demographics between both groups were statistically equivalent. Overall sensitivity and specificity for placental invasion was 90.9% and 75.0% for seniors and 81.8% and 61.8% for juniors, respectively. The best single MR-feature indicating placental invasion was T2-hypointense placental bands (r(2)=0.28), followed by focally interrupted myometrial border, infiltration of pelvic organs and tenting of the bladder (r(2)=0.36). Interobserver agreement for detecting placental invasion was 0.64 for seniors and 0.41 for juniors, thus substantial and moderate, respectively. Seniors detected placental invasion and depth of infiltration with significantly higher diagnostic certitude than juniors (p=0.0002 and p=0.0282, respectively). |
2 |
29. Allen BC, Leyendecker JR. Placental evaluation with magnetic resonance. Radiol Clin North Am. 2013;51(6):955-966. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To describe placental evaluation with magnetic resonance. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
30. Derman AY, Nikac V, Haberman S, Zelenko N, Opsha O, Flyer M. MRI of placenta accreta: a new imaging perspective. AJR. 2011; 197(6):1514-1521. |
Observational-Dx |
17 patients |
To identify new MRI criteria and review established MRI criteria for the diagnosis of placenta accreta. |
The most sensitive MRI criteria for the diagnosis of invasive placentation to be abnormal placental vascularity in addition to the previously described intraplacental T2 dark bands. |
3 |
31. Elhawary TM, Dabees NL, Youssef MA. Diagnostic value of ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in pregnant women at risk for placenta accreta. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2013;26(14):1443-1449. |
Observational-Dx |
39 patients |
To evaluate whether ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging can detect placenta accreta reliably in at-risk patients. |
The surgical findings of our patients confirmed placenta accreta in 8/39 (20.5%) patients. According to gray scale and color Doppler US 11/39 (28.2%) patients were positive and 28/39 (71.8%) were negative for placenta accreta. According to MRI findings, 12/39 (30.7%) patients were positive for placenta accreta and 27/39 (69.3%) were negative. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value of US and MRI were 82.0%, 89.6%, 72.7%, 92.8% and 88.8%, 86.8%, 66.6%, 96.2%, respectively. |
3 |
32. Horowitz JM, Berggruen S, McCarthy RJ, et al. When Timing Is Everything: Are Placental MRI Examinations Performed Before 24 Weeks' Gestational Age Reliable? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015;205(3):685-692. |
Observational-Dx |
69 placental MRI examinations |
To determine if placental MRI examinations performed for the detection of abnormal placentation earlier than 24 weeks' gestational age (GA) are more or less reliable than examinations performed at a later GA. |
Seventeen placental MRI examinations were performed at GA 14-23 weeks, and 52 placental MRI examinations were performed at GA 24-41 weeks. Reviewer agreement (Cronbach alpha) among the nine imaging signs was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.72-0.92) and 0.92 (95% CI, 0.92-0.94) for MRI examinations at GA 14-23 weeks and GA 24-41 weeks, respectively. Pathologic or surgical evidence of abnormal placentation was found in 41% and 65% of the cases between GA 14-23 weeks and GA 24-41 weeks, respectively. The AUC for the MRI-based consensus score and the presence of abnormal placentation for GA 14-23 weeks was 0.49 (95% CI, 0.21-0.78) compared with 0.92 (95% CI, 0.83-1.0) for GA 24-41 weeks (p = 0.002). |
2 |
33. Lax A, Prince MR, Mennitt KW, Schwebach JR, Budorick NE. The value of specific MRI features in the evaluation of suspected placental invasion. Magn Reson Imaging. 2007; 25(1):87-93. |
Observational-Dx |
10 patients |
To determine imaging features that may help predict the presence of placenta accreta, placenta increta or placenta percreta on prenatal MRI. |
Using Fisher's two-sided exact test, there was a statistically significant difference between the proportion of patients with placental invasion and those without placental invasion for three of the features: abnormal uterine bulging (Rater 1, P=.005; Rater 2, P=.011); heterogeneity of T2W imaging signal intensity (Rater 1, P=.006; Rater 2, P=.010); and presence of dark intraplacental bands on T2W imaging (Rater 1, P=.003; Rater 2, P=.033). |
2 |
34. Leyendecker JR, DuBose M, Hosseinzadeh K, et al. MRI of pregnancy-related issues: abnormal placentation. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;198(2):311-320. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the clinical significance of abnormal placentation and the role of MRI in diagnosis and management of this potentially morbid condition. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
35. Palacios-Jaraquemada JM, Bruno CH, Martin E. MRI in the diagnosis and surgical management of abnormal placentation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2013;92(4):392-397. |
Observational-Dx |
572 patients |
To determine the usefulness of placental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and surgical management of abnormal placentation. |
Placental MRI was obtained because of diagnostic doubt in 78 cases, for deep invasion diagnosis in 148 cases and to define the invasion area in 346 cases. Placental MRI allowed accurate demarcation and assessment of the degree of placental invasion, parametrial involvement and cervico-trigonal vascular hyperplasia, permitting changes in the surgical tactical approach. Ultrasound and MRI differences were associated with placenta previa, uterine scar thinning and use of different criteria for placental invasion through definitions or terminology. Six cases of false-negative and 11 of false-positive findings were reported. |
3 |
36. McLean LA, Heilbrun ME, Eller AG, Kennedy AM, Woodward PJ. Assessing the role of magnetic resonance imaging in the management of gravid patients at risk for placenta accreta. Acad Radiol. 2011;18(9):1175-1180. |
Observational-Dx |
139 patients |
To evaluate the incremental benefit of MRI after ultrasound (US) for a large cohort of gravid patients at risk for a placenta accreta. Specifically, to understand if the MRI altered the diagnosis sufficiently to change the likelihood of a woman undergoing a C-hyst. |
The MRI was performed in 28.7% (40/139). US, MRI, and operative diagnoses were highly correlated (P < .001). Women who underwent both US and MRI were more likely to deliver by cesarean hysterectomy (P < .001). When the cohort is stratified by outcome diagnosis (normal, previa, accreta), no difference in delivery mode is found; regardless of whether subjects were imaged by US alone or US and MRI. Transfusion requirements were highest in the US and MRI group (mean of 3.9 units vs. 0.9 units in the US only group, P < .001). |
4 |
37. Comstock CH, Love JJ, Jr., Bronsteen RA, et al. Sonographic detection of placenta accreta in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004; 190(4):1135-1140. |
Observational-Dx |
14 patients |
Prospective study to determine the effectiveness of US in detecting placenta accrete in at-risk patients. |
Diagnosis of placental accreta was suspected strongly in 86% of the patients (12/14 patients). There were 18 false-positive cases (54.5%; 18/33 patients). |
3 |
38. Levine D, Hulka CA, Ludmir J, Li W, Edelman RR. Placenta accreta: evaluation with color Doppler US, power Doppler US, and MR imaging. Radiology. 1997; 205(3):773-776. |
Observational-Dx |
19 patients Doppler US; 18 patients MRI |
Prospective interpretation of images to determine the value of TAS, TVS, color Doppler US, power Doppler US, and MRI in the diagnosis of placenta accreta. |
MRI enabled the diagnosis of placenta accreta, which was not well depicted at US. In patients with a history of uterine scars, vaginal US with power Doppler US performed well in the evaluation of lower-uterine-segment placenta accreta. |
3 |
39. Meng X, Xie L, Song W. Comparing the diagnostic value of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for placenta accreta: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2013;39(11):1958-1965. |
Meta-analysis |
13 studies |
To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasound (US) as compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection of placenta accreta. |
Sensitivity, specificity, summary receiver operating characteristic curves and areas under the curve (AUCs) were described and calculated using Meta-Disc Statistical Software, Version 1.4 (Unit of Clinical Biostatistics, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain). In the 13 studies included, US sensitivity was 83% (95% confidence interval [CI] 77%-88%), US specificity was 95% (95% CI: 93%-96%) and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 63.41 (95% CI: 29.04-138.48). In the MRI studies, sensitivity was 82% (95% CI: 72%-90%), specificity was 88% (95% CI: 81%-94%) and the DOR was 22.95 (95% CI: 3.19-165.11). Summary receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the diagnostic value of US in detection of placenta accreta is not significantly different from that of MRI |
Good |
40. Peker N, Turan V, Ergenoglu M, et al. Assessment of total placenta previa by magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography to detect placenta accreta and its variants. Ginekol Pol. 2013;84(3):186-192. |
Observational-Dx |
40 patients |
To evaluate the importance of ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting placental adherence defects. |
The sensitivity of MRI for diagnosis of placental adherence defects before the operation was 95%, with a specificity of 95%. In the presence of at least one diagnostic criterion, the sensitivity and specificity of US were 87.5% and 100% respectively, while the sensitivity of color Doppler US was 62.5% with a specificity of 100%. |
2 |
41. Oyelese Y, Smulian JC. Placenta previa, placenta accreta, and vasa previa. Obstet Gynecol. 2006; 107(4):927-941. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
Review risk factors and management of placenta previa, placenta accrete and vas previa. |
Placenta previa; diagnostic modality of choice is TVS. Women with a complete placenta previa should be delivered by cesarean. Placenta accrete; prenatal diagnosis by imaging, followed by planning of peripartum management by a multidisciplinary team. Hysterectomy required for women with placenta accreta. Vasa previa; diagnosed prenatally by US examination. |
4 |
42. Lim PS, Greenberg M, Edelson MI, Bell KA, Edmonds PR, Mackey AM. Utility of ultrasound and MRI in prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta: a pilot study. AJR. 2011; 197(6):1506-1513. |
Observational-Dx |
13 patients |
To evaluate transabdominal pelvic US and MRI for the prenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta. |
13 patients at risk of placenta accreta underwent both US and MRI. 9 patients had abnormal placentation. With US, abnormal placentation was correctly identified in 6/9 patients (67%) and the absence of accreta in 2/4 patients (50%). With MRI, abnormal placentation was correctly identified in 7/9 patients (78%) and the absence of accreta in 3/4 patients (75%). The volumes of low-signal-intensity bands were significantly different in the patients with abnormal placentation and those without placenta accreta (P=0.047), and band volumes were significantly different among patients with accreta, increta, and percreta (P<0.0005). |
3 |
43. Sato T, Mori N, Hasegawa O, et al. Placental recess accompanied by a T2 dark band: a new finding for diagnosing placental invasion. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2017;42(8):2146-2153. |
Observational-Dx |
51 patients |
To assess the usefulness of a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) finding, the placental recess, for diagnosing placental invasion. |
MRI features had interobserver reliability of >0.40. Placental recess yielded the highest kappa value (0.898). Significant differences were identified between patients with and without placental invasion regarding abnormal placental vascularity, placental heterogeneous intensity, a T2 dark band, and the placental recess on T2WI (p = 0.0282, 0.0003, 0.0003, <0.0001, respectively). The placental recess had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of 56, 100, 100, 91, and 92%, respectively. |
3 |
44. Tanimura K, Yamasaki Y, Ebina Y, et al. Prediction of adherent placenta in pregnancy with placenta previa using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 187:41-4, 2015 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
58 patients |
To determine prenatal imaging findings that predict the presence of adherent placenta in pregnancies with placenta previa. |
Univariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that anterior placental location, PL>/=G2, LCZ, and MRI were associated with the presence of adherent placenta. Multivariate analyses revealed that LCZ (p<0.01, odds ratio 15.6, 95%CI 2.1-114.6) was a single significant predictor of adherent placenta in women with placenta previa. |
2 |
45. Shih JC, Cheng WF, Shyu MK, Lee CN, Hsieh FJ. Power Doppler evidence of placenta accreta appearing in the first trimester. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2002;19(6):623-625. |
Review/Other-Dx |
1 patient |
To report a case of an 8-week gestation in which power Doppler ultrasound demonstrated diffuse dilatation of the subplacental vessels traversing the lower uterine corpus. |
Placenta accreta was subsequently diagnosed in the early second trimester. |
4 |
46. Finberg HJ, Williams JW. Placenta accreta: prospective sonographic diagnosis in patients with placenta previa and prior cesarean section. J Ultrasound Med. 1992; 11(7):333-343. |
Review/Other-Dx |
34 patients |
To prospectively diagnose sonographically placenta accreta in patients with placenta previa and prior cesarean section. |
Women who have had cesarean sections are at increased risk of placenta previa in subsequent pregnancies. |
4 |
47. Gielchinsky Y, Mankuta D, Rojansky N, Laufer N, Gielchinsky I, Ezra Y. Perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta. Obstet Gynecol. 2004;104(3):527-530. |
Review/Other-Tx |
34,450 deliveries |
To characterize the perinatal outcome of pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta. |
The study encompassed 34,450 deliveries, from which 310 cases of placenta accreta were diagnosed (0.9%) and compared with 310 matched controls. In the pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta, we found a statistically significant increase in preterm deliveries (10.7% versus 1%, P <.001, odds ratio 12.1, 95% confidence interval 3.7-39.9) and small-for-gestational-age babies (27.3% versus 14%, P <.001, odds ratio 5.05, 95% confidence interval 1.46-3.28). |
4 |
48. Hudon L, Belfort MA, Broome DR. Diagnosis and management of placenta percreta: a review. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1998;53(8):509-517. |
Review/Other-Tx |
N/A |
To review of the clinical decisions, diagnostic, and surgical methods in managing patients with placenta percreta |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
49. D'Antonio F, Palacios-Jaraquemada J, Lim PS, et al. Counseling in fetal medicine: evidence-based answers to clinical questions on morbidly adherent placenta. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2016;47(3):290-301. |
Review/Other-Tx |
N/A |
To provide up-to-date and evidence-based answers to common clinical questions regarding the diagnosis and management of MAP. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
50. American College of Radiology. ACR-SPR Practice Parameter for Imaging Pregnant or Potentially Pregnant Adolescents and Women with Ionizing Radiation. Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Practice-Parameters/pregnant-pts.pdf |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To assist practitioners in providing appropriate radiologic care for pregnant or potentially pregnant adolescents and women by describing specific training, skills and techniques. |
No abstract available. |
4 |
51. American College of Radiology. Manual on Contrast Media. Available at: https://www.acr.org/Clinical-Resources/Contrast-Manual. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To assist radiologists in recognizing and managing risks associated with the use of contrast media. |
No abstract available. |
4 |
52. Expert Panel on MR Safety, Kanal E, Barkovich AJ, et al. ACR guidance document on MR safe practices: 2013. J Magn Reson Imaging. 37(3):501-30, 2013 Mar. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To help guide MR practitioners regarding MR safety issues and provide a basis for them to develop and implement their own MR policies and practices. |
No abstract available. |
4 |
53. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Radiation Dose Assessment Introduction. Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Appropriateness-Criteria/RadiationDoseAssessmentIntro.pdf. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To provide evidence-based guidelines on exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. |
No abstract available. |
4 |