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Appropriateness Criteria

Reference Study Type Patients/Events Study Objective(Purpose of Study) Study Results Study Quality
1. Clark SL, Belfort MA, Dildy GA, Herbst MA, Meyers JA, Hankins GD. Maternal death in the 21st century: causes, prevention, and relationship to cesarean delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008;199(1):36 e31-35; discussion 91-32 e37-11. Review/Other-Tx 1,461,270 pregnant women To examine etiology and preventability of maternal death and the causal relationship of cesarean delivery to maternal death in a series of approximately 1.5 million deliveries between 2000 and 2006. Ninety-five maternal deaths occurred in 1,461,270 pregnancies (6.5 per 100,000 pregnancies.) Leading causes of death were complications of preeclampsia, pulmonary thromboembolism, amniotic fluid embolism, obstetric hemorrhage, and cardiac disease. Only 1 death was seen from placenta accreta. Twenty-seven deaths (28%) were deemed preventable (17 by actions of health care personnel and 10 by actions of non-health care personnel). The rate of maternal death causally related to mode of delivery was 0.2 per 100,000 for vaginal birth and 2.2 per 100,0000 for cesarean delivery, suggesting that the number of annual deaths resulting causally from cesarean delivery in the United States is about 20. 4
2. Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014;2(6):e323-333. Review/Other-Dx 23 studies. To analyse global, regional, and subregional estimates of the causes of maternal death during 2003–09, with a novel method, updating the previous WHO systematic review. We identified 23 eligible studies (published 2003–12). We included 417 datasets from 115 countriescomprising 60 799 deaths in the analysis. About 73% (1 771 000 of 2 443 000) of all maternal deaths between 2003 and2009 were due to direct obstetric causes and deaths due to indirect causes accounted for 27·5% (672 000, 95% UI19·7–37·5) of all deaths. Haemorrhage accounted for 27·1% (661 000, 19·9–36·2), hypertensive disorders 14·0%(343 000, 11·1–17·4), and sepsis 10·7% (261 000, 5·9–18·6) of maternal deaths. The rest of deaths were due to abortion(7·9% [193 000], 4·7–13·2), embolism (3·2% [78 000], 1·8–5·5), and all other direct causes of death (9·6% [235 000],6·5–14·3). Regional estimates varied substantially. 4
3. Sheldon WR, Blum J, Vogel JP, et al. Postpartum haemorrhage management, risks, and maternal outcomes: findings from the World Health Organization Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health. BJOG 2014;121 Suppl 1:5-13. Review/Other-Dx 274,985 women To explore the clinical practices, risks, and maternal outcomes associated with postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Of all the women included in the analysis, 95.3% received uterotonic prophylaxis and the reported rate of PPH was 1.2%. Factors significantly associated with PPH diagnosis included age, parity, gestational age, induction of labour, caesarean section, and geographic region. Among those with PPH, 92.7% received uterotonics for treatment, and 17.2% had an SMO. There were significant differences in the incidence of SMOs by age, parity, gestational age, anaemia, education, receipt of uterotonics for prophylaxis or treatment, referral from another facility, and Human Development Index (HDI) group. The rates of death were highest in countries with low or medium HDIs. 4
4. Committee on Practice B-O. Practice Bulletin No. 183: Postpartum Hemorrhage. Obstet Gynecol 2017;130:e168-e86. Review/Other-Dx N/A To discuss the risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage as well as its evaluation, prevention, and management. No results stated in abstract. 4
5. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria®: Suspected Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder. Available at: https://acsearch.acr.org/docs/3102403/Narrative/. Review/Other-Dx N/A Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for a specific clinical condition. No abstract available. 4
6. Dudiak KM, Maturen KE, Akin EA, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Gestational Trophoblastic Disease. J Am Coll Radiol 2019;16:S348-S63. Review/Other-Dx N/A Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for gestational trophoblastic disease. No results stated in abstract. 4
7. Timmerman D, Wauters J, Van Calenbergh S, et al. Color Doppler imaging is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of uterine vascular malformations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2003;21(6):570-577. Observational-Dx 30 patients To assess the spontaneous outcome of uterine vascular malformations detected with ultrasonography and color Doppler, and to investigate the predictive value of color Doppler imaging as to which patients require invasive treatment. A total of 30 consecutive patients with uterine vascular malformations were included in the study. Spectral analysis of the vessels in the vascular malformations within the myometrium and endometrium revealed the presence of a low-impedance and high-velocity flow. The average values for PI, RI, peak systolic velocity (PSV) and time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMXV) were 0.50, 0.38, 0.63 m/s and 0.46 m/s, respectively. Eight patients (27%) eventually required embolization of the uterine arteries and three of them had true arteriovenous malformations confirmed at angiography. PSV values of >/= 0.83 m/s were associated with higher probabilities of further treatment, such as an embolization, whereas no vascular malformation with a PSV value < 0.39 m/s required embolization. 3
8. Van den Bosch T, Van Schoubroeck D, Timmerman D. Maximum Peak Systolic Velocity and Management of Highly Vascularized Retained Products of Conception. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2015;34:1577-82. Review/Other-Dx 18 women To evaluate blood loss and procedure-related complications during and after surgical removal of retained products of conception with high-velocity enhanced myometrial vascularity. Five patients had retained products of conception after a term delivery, 1 after a second-trimester termination of pregnancy, 7 after a spontaneous first-trimester miscarriage, and 5 after a first-trimester termination elsewhere. The PSV in the area of enhanced myometrial vascularity at diagnosis ranged from 61.0 to 152.6 cm/s (mean, 104.9 cm/s). The estimated blood loss at surgery ranged from 20 to 1000 mL (mean, 200 mL). After surgery, the PSV in the myometrium dropped dramatically (=30 cm/s in all but 1 case). In all cases, trophoblastic tissue was confirmed at histologic examination. 4
9. Groszmann YS, Healy Murphy AL, Benacerraf BR. Diagnosis and management of patients with enhanced myometrial vascularity associated with retained products of conception. Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018;52:396-99. Review/Other-Dx 31 patients To assess the complication rate, including estimated amount of blood loss, in patients undergoing dilation and curettage (D&C) for the treatment of retained products of conception with markedly enhanced myometrial vascularity mimicking arteriovenous malformation. The study group included 31 patients, of whom seven had retained products of conception after a vaginal delivery and 24 had retained products of conception after a first-trimester termination or miscarriage. The largest dimension of the region of enhanced myometrial vascularity ranged from 10?mm to 53?mm, with 14/31 having a width of =?20?mm. Fifteen patients underwent a standard D&C procedure, 13 an ultrasound-guided procedure and three hysteroscopy. Estimated operative blood loss varied from negligible to a maximum of 400?mL. There were no intraoperative complications, although one patient was treated for presumed endometritis. 4
10. American College of Radiology. ACR–NASCI–SIR–SPR Practice Parameter for the Performance and Interpretation of Body Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA). Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Practice-Parameters/body-cta.pdf. Review/Other-Dx N/A Guidance document to promote the safe and effective use of diagnostic and therapeutic radiology by describing specific training, skills and techniques. No abstract available. 4
11. Wolman I, Altman E, Fait G, et al. Evacuating retained products of conception in the setting of an ultrasound unit. Fertil Steril. 2009;91(4 Suppl):1586-1588. Review/Other-Dx 39 Women To present our experience with women who presented to our hospital with postpartum bleeding suspicious of retained products of conception (RPOC) by ultrasound evaluation and who elected to evacuate the uterus within the setting of the ultrasound unit. We were able to successfully complete the procedure in 36 of 38 patients (95%) in the setting of an ultrasound unit. There was no need for general anesthesia or hospitalization. The 2 patients (5.5%) for whom we could not complete the procedure were shown to have profuse blood flow from the uterine wall to the adherent echogenic mass. 4
12. Sierra A, Burrel M, Sebastia C, et al. Utility of multidetector CT in severe postpartum hemorrhage. Radiographics. 2012;32(5):1463-1481. Review/Other-Dx N/A To discuss a proposed clinical and CT imaging algorithm for postpartum hemorrhage, review the role of multidetector CT in severe postpartum hemorrhage, and briefly describe the therapeutic options, emphasizing interventional radiology procedures. No results stated in abstract. 4
13. Lee NK, Kim S, Lee JW, et al. Postpartum hemorrhage: Clinical and radiologic aspects. Eur J Radiol. 2010;74(1):50-59. Review/Other-Dx N/A To review the basic concepts of Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) including the etiology, hemodynamic changes in pregnancy, an overview of management, and the relevant pelvic vascular anatomy and CT anatomy. No results stated in abstract. 4
14. Laifer-Narin SL, Kwak E, Kim H, Hecht EM, Newhouse JH. Multimodality imaging of the postpartum or posttermination uterus: evaluation using ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2014;43(6):374-385. Review/Other-Dx N/A To illustrate the imaging findings of common postpartum and posttermination complications on ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. No results stated in abstract. 4
15. Rodgers SK, Kirby CL, Smith RJ, Horrow MM. Imaging after cesarean delivery: acute and chronic complications. Radiographics. 2012;32(6):1693-1712. Review/Other-Dx N/A To review the surgical technique of cesarean delivery, discuss the expected imaging findings after cesarean delivery, and describe the findings of the more commonacute and chronic complications associated with this procedure. No results stated in abstract. 4
16. Shanbhogue AK, Menias CO, Lalwani N, Lall C, Khandelwal A, Nagar A. Obstetric (nonfetal) complications. Radiol Clin North Am. 2013;51(6):983-1004. Review/Other-Dx N/A To comprehensively update the epidemiology, natural history, clinical manifestations, and imaging features of a wide spectrum of pregnancy-related obstetric and gynecologic complications, with discussion on implications on management. No results stated in abstract. 4
17. Takeda A, Koike W, Imoto S, Nakamura H. Three-dimensional computerized tomographic angiography for diagnosis and management of intractable postpartum hemorrhage. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 176:104-11, 2014 May. Review/Other-Dx 48 women To report our experience on the value of dynamic three-dimensional computerized tomographic (CT) angiography for immediate diagnosis and management of intractable postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Twenty-nine cases with primary PPH and 19 cases with secondary PPH were examined. In primary PPH, extravasation in the early arterial phase was noted in 12 cases. Those included vulvovaginal hematoma (n=4), invasive placenta (n=2), retained placenta (n=2), uterine atony (n=1), retroperitoneal hematoma (n=1), retrovesical hematoma (n=1) and rectus sheath hematoma after cesarean section (n=1). Of these, ten cases were treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of the offending vessels with or without additional therapies. In secondary PPH, extravasation was identified in 14 cases. Those included invasive placenta (n=8), uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (n=3), uterine arteriovenous fistula (n=2), and subinvolution of placenta bed (n=1), which were treated by TAE of the offending vessels with or without additional therapies. Successful hemostasis with fertility preservation was achieved in all cases. Complications were not identified except for a case of placenta increta that developed secondary amenorrhea after TAE of both uterine arteries. In subsequent gestation after TAE of both uterine arteries, normal vaginal delivery (n=4), uncomplicated cesarean delivery (n=3), cesarean delivery followed by recurrent arteriovenous fistula (n=1) and spontaneous miscarriage followed by recurrent invasive placenta (n=1) were identified. 4
18. Lee NK, Kim S, Kim CW, Lee JW, Jeon UB, Suh DS. Identification of bleeding sites in patients with postpartum hemorrhage: MDCT compared with angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 194(2):383-90, 2010 Feb. Observational-Dx 27 women To evaluate retrospectively the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the identification of bleeding sites in patients with postpartum hemorrhage. Extravasation of contrast material was depicted on MDCT scans in 24 of 27 patients. The overall location-based sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MDCT in the detection of bleeding were 100% (38/38), 96% (171/178), and 97% (209/216). Additional abnormalities detected on CT images included rectus sheath hematoma with contrast extravasation (n = 5), extraperitoneal hematoma (n = 6), gestational pancreatitis (n = 2), diffuse liver disease (n = 2), and abdominal compartment syndrome (n = 1). 2
19. Hugues C, Le Bras Y, Coatleven F, et al. Vascular uterine abnormalities: Comparison of imaging findings and clinical outcomes. Eur J Radiol. 84(12):2485-91, 2015 Dec. Observational-Dx 38 women. To retrospectively compare the imaging findings and the outcomes for patients with vascular uterine abnormalities (VUA) and to identify prognostic factors. No information about severity was provided by US, MRI or CT. Twelve patients were successfully managed conservatively. Angiography identified 6 non-severe VUA, corresponding to an isolated uterine hyperemia, and 20 severe VUA, corresponding to an association of a nidus and early venous drainage. Recurrences were more often observed for severe VUA (p=0.001). The hemoglobin level was significantly lower (below 11 g/L) in these cases (p=0.004). Recurrences were significantly more frequently observed for patients with history of dilatation and curettage (p=0.02). Hysterectomy was performed for three patients only (8%). Among the women who wished to have children, 14 (77.8%) were pregnant after 9 months in mean (range 2-23). 2
20. Baba Y, Matsubara S, Kuwata T, et al. Uterine artery pseudoaneurysm: not a rare condition occurring after non-traumatic delivery or non-traumatic abortion. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2014;290(3):435-440. Observational-Dx 22 women. To clarify the clinical impression contradictions of having uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) disorder after traumatic delivery or traumatic pregnancy termination such as cesarean section or dilatation and curettage, initially manifesting as genital hemorrhage. Uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) occurred in 2–3/1,000 deliveries. Of 22 cases, half occurred after nontraumatic deliveries or non-traumatic pregnancy termination. Fifty-five percent (12/22) showed no hemorrhage; ultrasound or color Doppler revealed UAP. Thus, half of UAP occurred after non-traumatic deliveries or non-traumatic pregnancy termination and showed no hemorrhage at the time of their diagnoses. All patients received transarterial embolization, which stopped blood flow into UAP or achieved hemostasis. 4
21. Yi SW, Lee JH. Uterine pseudoaneurysm leakage may cause delayed postpartum haemorrhage: multidetector CT with angiography and transcatheter uterine arterial embolisation. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2012;32(6):552-555. Observational-Dx 8 women To evaluate the role of transcatheter arterial embolisation in the management of delayed postpartum haemorrhage due to pseudoaneurysm leakage, and present the angiographic findings with multidetector computed tomography (CT) along angiography as a diagnostic tool. Multidetector computed tomography with angiography helped to demonstrate the location and originating vessels of the pseudoaneurysm via fast and clear 3D images. Transcatheter uterine arterial embolisation is an option in haemodynamically stable patients, and it appears to be the treatment of choice. 3
22. Leyendecker JR, Gorengaut V, Brown JJ. MR imaging of maternal diseases of the abdomen and pelvis during pregnancy and the immediate postpartum period. Radiographics. 2004;24(5):1301-1316. Review/Other-Dx N/A To discuss the use of MR imaging for maternal diseases of the abdomen and pelvis during pregnancy and the postpartum period. No results stated in abstract. 4
23. Jain KA, Olcott EW. Magnetic resonance imaging of postpartum pelvic hematomas: early experience in diagnosis and treatment planning. Magn Reson Imaging. 1999;17(7):973-977. Observational-Dx 7 women. To determine the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting and localizing clinically non-apparent postpartum pelvic hematomas, and to describe the therapeutic implications of MRI in these patients. In two patients, hematomas were confined to the perivaginal and pericervical regions. In three patients, perivaginal hematomas extended between the double layers of the broad ligaments. In one patient, a perivaginal hematoma extended into the perivesical space. In one patient, a hematoma was identified only within the presacral space. Based on MRI as the only contributory imaging study, five patients were treated successfully with invasive means and two patients were managed successfully with conservative means. MRI successfully detects and localizes postpartum hematomas, information that often is unavailable from the clinical examination. 3
24. Matijevic R, Knezevic M, Grgic O, Zlodi-Hrsak L. Diagnostic accuracy of sonographic and clinical parameters in the prediction of retained products of conception. J Ultrasound Med. 2009;28(3):295-299. Observational-Dx 93 women. To assess the diagnostic accuracy of different parameters (clinical and sonographic) in the prediction and management of retained products of conception (RPOC) in the late postpartum period. In total, 93 patients (0.92% of all deliveries) were selected. The presence of gestational tissue was confirmed on HP reports in 58% of cases. The likelihood ratio of sonography alone was 1.47 (95% confidence interval, 1.25-1.84), whereas that of sonography combined with color Doppler imaging was 2.16 (1.3-3.59), providing statistically significant accuracy regarding the prediction of RPOC. 3
25. Sellmyer MA, Desser TS, Maturen KE, Jeffrey RB, Jr., Kamaya A. Physiologic, histologic, and imaging features of retained products of conception. Radiographics 2013;33:781-96. Review/Other-Dx N/A To review the physiologic, histologic, and imaging features of retained products of conception No results listed in abstract. 4
26. Maleux G, Timmerman D, Heye S, Wilms G. Acquired uterine vascular malformations: radiological and clinical outcome after transcatheter embolotherapy. Eur Radiol. 2006;16(2):299-306. Observational-Tx 17 women. To assess the radiological and clinical outcome of transcatheter embolization of acquired uterine vascular malformations in patients presenting with secondary postpartum or postabortion vaginal hemorrhage. Angiography demonstrated a uterine parenchymal hyperemia with normal drainage into the large pelvic veins (“low-flow uterine vascular malformation”) in 83% (n=15) or a direct arteriovenous fistula (“highflow uterine vascular malformation”) in 17% (n=3). Clinically, in all patients the bleeding stopped after embolization but in 1 patient early recurrence of hemorrhage occurred and was treatedby hysterectomy. Pathological analysis revealed a choriocarcinoma. During follow-up (mean time period: 18.8 months; range: 1–36 months) 6 patients became pregnant and delivered a healthy child. 3
27. van den Bosch T, Daemen A, Van Schoubroeck D, Pochet N, De Moor B, Timmerman D. Occurrence and outcome of residual trophoblastic tissue: a prospective study. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine 2008;27:357-61. Observational-Dx 1070 pregnancies To evaluate the occurrence of residual trophoblastic tissue after miscarriage or delivery, to assess the diagnostic value of sonography with color Doppler examination in the detection of retained tissue, and to define in what cases expectant management may be an option. In total, 1070 patients were assessed. In 67 patients (6.3%), sonographic and color Doppler examination showed retained tissue, and in 41 (61%) of them, curettage was performed. In all but 1 case, retained tissue was confirmed on histologic examination. Cases of retained tissue were more often seen after first-trimester (17%) or second trimester (40%) miscarriage, in the presence of abnormal uterine bleeding (57%), and with areas of enhanced myometrial vascularity (77.3%). 4
28. Van Schoubroeck D, Van den Bosch T, Scharpe K, Lu C, Van Huffel S, Timmerman D. Prospective evaluation of blood flow in the myometrium and uterine arteries in the puerperium. Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2004;23:378-81. Review/Other-Dx 93 Women To investigate the incidence and spontaneous evolution of areas of enhanced vascularization over the whole thickness of the myometrium in asymptomatic women after uncomplicated term pregnancy. The mean patient age was 29.1 years and average parity was 1.7. The mean gestational age at delivery was 39.1 weeks. Areas of EMV were visualized in 50.5% of patients on day 3 vs. 3.9% at 6 weeks. None of the patients required therapy for bleeding problems. The mean pulsatility index and peak systolic velocity in the area of EMV on day 3 were 0.45 ± 0.30 and 0.37 ± 0.20 m/s, respectively. A consistent increase in vascular resistance and decrease in blood flow velocity was observed in both uterine arteries between day 3 and week 6. 4
29. Kawamura Y, Kondoh E, Hamanishi J, et al. Treatment decision-making for post-partum hemorrhage using dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 40(1):67-74, 2014 Jan. Observational-Dx 17 women. To postulate the visualization of bleeding sites could aid treatment decisions in the management of Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH). A total of 17 cases presented with uterine bleeding, eight with vaginal hematomas, and one with hemoperitoneum. Overall, dynamic CT identified contrast media extravasation in the arterial phase in 12 of 26 (46.2%) cases: the upper (n = 4) and the lower uterine segment including the cervix (n = 2), subfascial space (n = 1) and vagina (n = 5). Identification of precise arterial bleeding sites using CT provided informative guidance about where to place balloons for intractable uterine bleeding, and how to manage hemoperitoneum and vaginal hematomas. In addition, dynamic CT revealed the existence of a subtype of uterine atony, which is characterized by focal active arterial bleeding in the upper uterine segment. Furthermore, negative contrast extravasation extracted cases of PPH that were well controlled without the need for surgical or radiological intervention. No patient required emergency hysterectomy to control PPH. 3
30. Yamashita Y, Torashima M, Harada M, Yamamoto H, Takahashi M. Postpartum extraperitoneal pelvic hematoma: imaging findings. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1993;161(4):805-808. Review/Other-Dx 14 women To illustrate the imaging findings of postpartum hematomas located in the extraperitoneal space of the pelvis. No results stated in abstract. 4
31. Belachew J, Axelsson O, Eurenius K, Mulic-Lutvica A. Three-dimensional ultrasound does not improve diagnosis of retained placental tissue compared to two-dimensional ultrasound. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94(1):112-116. Observational-Dx 25 women. To improve ultrasonic diagnosis of retained placental tissue by measuring the volume of the uterine body and cavity using threedimensional (3D) ultrasound. Twenty-one women had retained placental tissue histologically verified. Three of these had uterine volumes exceeding the largest volume observed in the normal puerperium. Seventeen of the 21 women had a uterine cavity volume exceeding the largest volume observed in the normal puerperium. In all 14 cases examined 28 days or more after delivery the cavity volume exceeded the largest volume observed in the normal puerperium. A large cavity volume estimated with 3D ultrasound is indicative of retained placental tissue. However, 3D ultrasound adds little or no diagnostic power compared to 2D ultrasound. 3
32. Cosmi E, Saccardi C, Litta P, Nardelli GB, Dessole S. Transvaginal ultrasound and sonohysterography for assessment of postpartum residual trophoblastic tissue. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2010;110(3):262-264. Observational-Tx 84 women. To compare the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound and sonohysterography (SHG) in diagnosing residual trophoblastic tissue in postpartum women and to assess the adverse effects and complications of the SHG procedure. Among 84 patients, transvaginal ultrasound revealed residual trophoblastic tissue in 60 women, whereas SHG detected residual trophoblastic tissue in 48 and blood clots in 12. Pathologic examination confirmed trophoblastic tissue in 48 patients and blood clots in 12. Fifteen (17.9%) patients experienced adverse effects after SHG. Thirteen (15.5%) experienced postprocedural fever that resolved with antibiotics. Two women (2.4%) had severe complications of infection: 1 required surgery for peritonitis, which revealed salpingitis and a pelvic abscess; 1 experienced fever and mild abdominal pain that resolved with antibiotics after 10 days of hospitalization. 2
33. Nalaboff KM, Pellerito JS, Ben-Levi E. Imaging the endometrium: disease and normal variants. Radiographics. 2001;21(6):1409-1424. Review/Other-Dx N/A To review the current approach to endometrial imaging and demonstrate the spectrum of normal and pathologic findings in pediatric, premenopausal, pregnant, postpartum, and postmenopausal patients. No results stated in abstract. 4
34. Zuckerman J, Levine D, McNicholas MM, et al. Imaging of pelvic postpartum complications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;168(3):663-668. Review/Other-Dx N/A To review the imaging techniques for pelvic postpartum complications. No results stated in abstract. 4
35. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Radiation Dose Assessment Introduction. Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Appropriateness-Criteria/RadiationDoseAssessmentIntro.pdf. Review/Other-Dx N/A To provide evidence-based guidelines on exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. No abstract available. 4
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