| 1. Bosner S, Becker A, Hani MA, et al. Chest wall syndrome in primary care patients with chest pain: presentation, associated features and diagnosis. Fam Pract. 27(4):363-9, 2010 Aug. |
Observational-Dx |
1212 patients |
To describe the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and prognosis of Chest wall syndrome (CWS) and to provide a simple decision rule for diagnosis. |
GPs diagnosed pain originating from the chest wall in 46.6% of all patients. In most patients, pain was localized retrosternal (52.0%) and/or on the left side (69.2%). In total, 28.0% of CWS patients showed persistent pain and most patients reported no temporal association of pain (72.3%). In total, 55.4% of patients still had chest pain after 6 months. A simple score containing four determinants (localized muscle tension, stinging pain, pain reproducible by palpation and absence of cough) shows an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% confidence interval: 0.75-0.81). |
2 |
| 2. Buntinx F, Knockaert D, Bruyninckx R, et al. Chest pain in general practice or in the hospital emergency department: is it the same? Fam Pract 2001;18:586-9. |
Observational-Dx |
900 patients |
To provide a description of the impact of setting on the diagnostic case mix that is identified in consecutive patients presenting with chest pain. |
Gastrointestinal disorders, musculoskeletal problems and psychopathology are identified more frequently in general practice; and serious lung diseases and cardiovascular diseases in the hospital ED. Within the hospital, there is a strong trend towards increasing frequency of serious cardiovascular diseases including unstable angina (P = 0.01) from self-referred to referred patients and those rushed in by ambulance. The opposite trend was identified for respiratory (P = 0.02) and musculoskeletal (P = 0.07) diseases. The diagnostic case mix in self-referred patients tends to be more similar to the other groups of hospital patients than to patients in general practice. |
2 |
| 3. Stochkendahl MJ, Christensen HW. Chest pain in focal musculoskeletal disorders. [Review] [77 refs]. Med Clin North Am. 94(2):259-73, 2010 Mar. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To summarize the most commonly encountered syndromes of focal musculoskeletal disorders in clinical practice. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 4. Grani C, Senn O, Bischof M, et al. Diagnostic performance of reproducible chest wall tenderness to rule out acute coronary syndrome in acute chest pain: a prospective diagnostic study. BMJ Open. 5(1):e007442, 2015 Jan 28. |
Observational-Dx |
121 patients |
To assess whether reproducible chest wall tenderness (CWT) on palpation in patients with Acute chest pain (ACP) can help to rule out coronary syndrome (ACS). |
121 patients (60.3% male, median age 47 years, IQR 34-66.5 years) were included. The prevalence of ACS was 11.6%. Non-reproducible CWT had a high sensitivity of 92.9% (95% CI 66.1% to 98.8%) for ACS and the presence of reproducible CWT ruled out ACS (p=0.003) with a high negative predictive value (98.1%, 95% CI 89.9% to 99.7%). Conversely non-reproducible CWT ruled in ACS with low specificity (48.6%, 95% CI 38.8% to 58.5%) and low positive predictive value (19.1%, 95% CI 10.6% to 30.5%). |
2 |
| 5. Danve A.. Thoracic Manifestations of Ankylosing Spondylitis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Relapsing Polychondritis. [Review]. Clin Chest Med. 40(3):599-608, 2019 Sep. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss review focuses on the pulmonary manifestations of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), Relapsing polychondritis (RP), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 6. Wendling D, Prati C, Demattei C, Loeuille D, Richette P, Dougados M. Anterior chest wall pain in recent inflammatory back pain suggestive of spondyloarthritis. data from the DESIR cohort. J Rheumatol. 40(7):1148-52, 2013 Jul. |
Observational-Dx |
708 patients |
To determine the prevalence of anterior chest wall (ACW) pain in patients with recent inflammatory back pain (IBP) suggestive of spondyloarthritis (SpA), and to investigate the influence of ACW pain on the overall features of these patients. |
The prevalence of ACW pain in the DESIR cohort (n = 316/708 patients) was 44.6% (95% CI 40.9-48.3). ACW pain occurred after the first symptoms of IBP in 62%. Localization was diffuse in 41% of the positive cases. A stepwise multivariate analysis found an association between ACW pain and the enthesitis score, involvement of thoracic spine, diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and radiographic abnormalities of sacroiliac joints. |
2 |
| 7. Schipper P, Tieu BH. Acute Chest Wall Infections: Surgical Site Infections, Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections, and Sternoclavicular Joint Infection. [Review]. Thorac Surg Clin. 27(2):73-86, 2017 May. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss 3 distinct but related acute chest wall infections, and their pathology,diagnosis, and treatment: (1) surgical site infection(SSI) or wound infection of an anterior, lateral, orposterior thoracotomy, (2) necrotizing soft tissueinfections of the thorax including necrotizing fasci-itis, and (3) sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) infections orsternoclavicular pyoarthrosis. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 8. Papadopoulos N, Hacibaramoglu M, Kati C, Muller D, Floter J, Moritz A. Chronic poststernotomy pain after cardiac surgery: correlation of computed tomography findings on sternal healing with postoperative chest pain. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 61(3):202-8, 2013 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
48 patients |
To correlate CT findings on sternal healing to late postoperative chest pain after median sternotomy. |
Total 48 patients showed complete and 23 incomplete sternal healing. Although pain incidence was insignificantly higher after incomplete then after complete sternal healing (56.5% vs. 43%) pain intensity in the regions of chest and shoulder was almost equal between the two groups. Yet patients with a dehiscence over 3 mm in width had a significant higher chest pain intensity (17.5 ± 20 mm) compared with patients with a minor dehiscence (3.7 ± 8, mm p = 0.04) and those with normal sternal healing (8.1 ± 16 mm, p = 0.05). Furthermore, a dehiscence in more than one sternal segment led to a significantly higher pain intensity (chest: 18.8 ± 26 mm, shoulder: 23 ± 24 mm) compared with a dehiscence localized in only one segment (chest: 8.1 ± 18 mm, p = 0.04, shoulder: 4.6 ± 8.7 mm, p = 0.037). |
2 |
| 9. Lee JW, Lee SW, Chang SH, Lee SM. Clinical role of bone scintigraphy in low-to-intermediate Framingham risk patients with atypical chest pain. Nucl Med Commun. 39(5):411-416, 2018 May. |
Observational-Dx |
225 patients |
To evaluate the clinical usefulness of bone scintigraphy for etiological diagnosis of patients with atypical chest pain. |
Sixty-two (27.6%) patients were at intermediate Framingham risk and 100 (44.5%) patients were older than or equal to 60 years of age. Bone scintigraphy showed abnormal findings in 111 (49.4%) patients. Clinical diagnoses of chest pain were made in 163 (72.4%) patients. The remaining 62 (27.6%) patients were assessed as having unknown etiology. Bone scintigraphy was helpful for clinical diagnosis in 94 (41.8%) patients. Patients older than or equal to 60 years of age had significantly more frequent abnormal findings and post-traumatic changes on bone scintigraphy than patients younger than 60 years of age (P=0.010 for all). Of 111 patients with abnormal findings on bone scintigraphy, six (5.4%) were diagnosed with coronary heart disease; all of them were older than or equal to 60 years. |
2 |
| 10. Henry TS, Donnelly EF, Boiselle PM, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Rib Fractures. J Am Coll Radiol 2019;16:S227-S34. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
Evidence-based guidelines to assist referring physicians and other providers in making the most appropriate imaging or treatment decision for rib fractures. |
No results stated in abstract. |
4 |
| 11. Sano A, Tashiro K, Fukuda T. Cough-induced rib fractures. Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals. 23(8):958-60, 2015 Oct.Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 23(8):958-60, 2015 Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
17 patients |
To investigate the characteristics of cough-induced rib fractures. |
Rib fractures were found in 14 of the 17 patients. The age of the patients ranged from 14 to 86 years (median 39.5 years). Ten patients were female and 4 were male. Three patients had chronic lung disease. There was a single rib fracture in 9 patients, and 5 had two or more fractures. The middle and lower ribs were the most commonly involved; the 10th rib was fractured most frequently. |
4 |
| 12. Bier G, Schabel C, Othman A, et al. Enhanced reading time efficiency by use of automatically unfolded CT rib reformations in acute trauma. European Journal of Radiology. 84(11):2173-80, 2015 Nov.Eur J Radiol. 84(11):2173-80, 2015 Nov. |
Observational-Dx |
51 patients |
To evaluate whether unfolded rib images enhance time efficiency in detection of rib fractures and time efficiency in patients with acute thoracic trauma. 51 subsequent patients with thoracic trauma underwent 64-slice computed tomography. |
The multiplanar reformation analysis yielded a sensitivity of 87.9%/93.9%/79.7% with a specificity of 97%/97%/82.2%, whilst the unfolded rib image analysis yielded a sensitivity of 94.8%/94.8%/92.2% and a specificity of 85.2/87.8%/82.4 (p=0.06/0.8/0.04) with high inter-observer agreement (k=0.79-0.85). The mean reading time for the multiplanar reformations was significantly longer (reader 1: 103.7 ± 27.1s/reader 2: 81.8 ± 40.6s/reader 3: 154.3 ± 39.2s) than the evaluation of the unfolded rib images (19.4 ± 4.9s/26.9 ± 15.0s/49.9 ± 18.7s; p<0.01). Concluding, the unfolded rib display reduces reading time for detection of rib fractures in acute thoracic trauma patients significantly and does not compromise the diagnostic accuracy significantly in experienced radiologists. However, unexperienced readers may profit from use of this display.Concluding, the unfolded rib display reduces reading time for detection of rib fractures in acute thoracic trauma patients significantly and does not compromise the diagnostic accuracy significantly in experienced radiologists. However, unexperienced readers may profit from use of this display. |
1 |
| 13. Ringl H, Lazar M, Topker M, et al. The ribs unfolded - a CT visualization algorithm for fast detection of rib fractures: effect on sensitivity and specificity in trauma patients. European Radiology. 25(7):1865-74, 2015 Jul.Eur Radiol. 25(7):1865-74, 2015 Jul. |
Review/Other-Dx |
61 patients |
To assess a radiologist's detection rate of rib fractures in trauma CT when reading curved planar reformats (CPRs) of the ribs compared to reading standard MPRs. |
Using CPRs for the detection of rib fractures accelerates the reading of trauma patient chest CTs, while offering an increased overall sensitivity compared to conventional standard MPRs. |
4 |
| 14. Giassi Kde S, Costa AN, Bachion GH, et al. Epipericardial fat necrosis: an underdiagnosed condition. Br J Radiol. 87(1038):20140118, 2014 Jun. |
Review/Other-Dx |
426 patients |
To describe the cases of this disease in our institution and to illustrate the associated clinical and radiological findings. |
Chest pain was the primary complaint in 426 patients; 11 of them had definitive EFN findings characterized by a round soft-tissue attenuation lesion with a varying degree of strands. All patients presented with pleuritic chest pain on the same side as the lesion. Pericardial thickening, pleural effusion and mild atelectasis were the associated tomography findings. Cardiac enzyme and D-dimer tests performed during the episode were normal in all cases. 27% of the cases only were correctly diagnosed with EFN at the time of presentation. |
4 |
| 15. Kienzl D, Prosch H, Topker M, Herold C. Imaging of non-cardiac, non-traumatic causes of acute chest pain. [Review]. Eur J Radiol. 81(12):3669-74, 2012 Dec. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss the Imaging of non-cardiac, non-traumatic causes of acute chest pain |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 16. Ayloo A, Cvengros T, Marella S. Evaluation and treatment of musculoskeletal chest pain. [Review]. Prim Care. 40(4):863-87, viii, 2013 Dec. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To summarize the evaluation and treatment of musculoskeletal causes of chest pain. Conditions such as costochondritis, rib pain caused by stress fractures, slipping rib syndrome, chest wall muscle injuries, fibromyalgia, and herpes zoster are discussed, with emphasis on evaluation and treatment of these and other disorders |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 17. Zhang L, McMahon CJ, Shah S, Wu JS, Eisenberg RL, Kung JW. Clinical and Radiologic Predictive Factors of Rib Fractures in Outpatients With Chest Pain. [Review]. Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology. 47(2):94-97, 2018 Mar - Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
339 patients |
To identify the clinical and radiologic predictive factors of rib fractures in stable adult outpatients presenting with chest pain and to determine the utility of dedicated rib radiographs in this population of patients. |
Of the 339 patients, 53 (15.6%) had at least 1 rib fracture. Only 20 of the 53 (37.7%) patients' fractures could be identified on the frontal chest radiograph. The frontal chest radiograph had a sensitivity of 38% and specificity of 100% when using the rib series as the reference standard. No pneumothorax, new mediastinal widening or pulmonary contusion was identified. Multiple variable logistic regression analysis of clinical factors associated with the presence of rib fractures revealed a significant association of trauma history (odds ratio 5.7 [p < 0.05]) and age =40 (odds radio 3.1 [p < 0.05]). Multiple variable logistic regression analysis of radiographic factors associated with rib fractures in this population demonstrated a significant association of pleural effusion with rib fractures (odds ratio 18.9 [p < 0.05]). Patients with rib fractures received narcotic analgesia in 47.2% of the cases, significantly more than those without rib fractures (21.3%, p < 0.05). None of the patients required hospitalization. |
2 |
| 18. Newsom C, Jeanmonod R, Woolley W, et al. Prospective Validation and Refinement of a Decision Rule to Obtain Chest X-ray in Patients With Nontraumatic Chest Pain in the Emergency Department. Acad Emerg Med. 25(6):650-656, 2018 06. |
Observational-Dx |
1,111 patients |
To prospectively validate and refine previously published criteria to determine the potential utility of chest x-ray (CXR) in the evaluation and management of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with nontraumatic chest pain (CP). |
A total of 1,111 patients were enrolled and 1,089 CXRs were analyzed. There were 70 (6.4%) patients with clinically relevant findings on CXR. The refined decision rule had a sensitivity of 92.9% (confidence interval [CI] = 83.4%-97.3%) and specificity of 30.4% (CI = 27.6%-33.4%) to predict clinically relevant findings on CXR, with a NPV of 98.4% (CI = 96.1%-99.4%). Five CXRs with clinically significant findings would have been missed by application of the refined rule (three pneumonias and two pleural effusions). Applying these criteria as a CXR decision rule to this population would have reduced CXR utilization by 28.9%. |
1 |
| 19. Mary Parks R, Jadoon M, Duffy J. Nontraumatic rupture of the costal margin: a single-center experience. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 27(2):105-109, 2019 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
9 patients |
To describe the occurrence rupture of the costal margin in patients with no direct chest trauma. |
There were 9 patients with rupture of the costal margin that was caused in all cases by a severe coughing fit. All patients were male and the mean age was 62.5 years (range 47-76 years). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was present in 6 cases. Presentations included a palpable defect (5 cases), cough (9 cases), and chest pain (6 cases). On radiological examination, all patients had widening of the rib space, 4 had associated rib fractures, and 5 had lung herniation. Time from injury to presentation was 12 months (range 1-24 months). All patients underwent surgery and were followed-up for 59 months (range 8-129 months). Two patients suffered major complications in the immediate postoperative period. |
2 |
| 20. Park JB, Cho YS, Choi HJ. Diagnostic accuracy of the inverted grayscale rib series for detection of rib fracture in minor chest trauma. American Journal of Emergency Medicine. 33(4):548-52, 2015 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
110 patients |
To assess whether inverted grayscale rib series, used alone or as an additional imaging modality, improves diagnostic accuracy of rib fractures of emergency medicine (EM) residents in minor chest trauma. |
For senior EM residents, there was no difference in sensitivity (P = .283) and accuracy (P = .888) between conventional rib series and the double-modality method. For junior EM residents and medical students, the double modality offered higher diagnostic sensitivity (P < .001, P = .001) and accuracy (P = .006, P = .002) than did conventional radiography. In cases with more than 3 rib fractures, who required specialist trauma care, the double modality provided greater sensitivity and accuracy among junior EM residents (P = .035 and P = .035, respectively) and medical students (P = .010, P = .010) than did conventional radiography. |
1 |
| 21. Hoffstetter P, Dornia C, Wagner M, et al. Clinical significance of conventional rib series in patients with minor thoracic trauma. Rofo: Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin. 186(9):876-80, 2014 Sep.ROFO Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Nuklearmed. 186(9):876-80, 2014 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
669 patients |
To asses the clinical relevance of rib fractures diagnosed by RS in minor thoracic trauma. |
We included 669 patients (61.4?% men, 38.6?% women, median age: 51 years, range: 13?-?92 years). Analyzing the reports of 669 patients who received RS, 157 (23.5?%) patients were diagnosed with at least one fractured rib while no fracture was found in 512 (76.5?%) patients. Considering the 157 patients with fractured ribs, 73 (46.8?%) had a single fracture, 38 (24.4?%) and two fractures and 45 (28.8?%) had more than two fractures. When assessing the 405 CRs, we detected 69 (17?%) fractures while the corresponding RS of the same patients revealed 87 (21.5?%) fractures (p?<?0.05). Concerning all patients with rib fractures, 63.1?% received medical therapy, while 64.5?% of those patients without a radiologically documented fracture also received therapy (p?=?0.25). |
3 |
| 22. Lalande E, Guimont C, Emond M, et al. Feasibility of emergency department point-of-care ultrasound for rib fracture diagnosis in minor thoracic injury. CJEM, Can. j. emerg. med. care. 19(3):213-219, 2017 May. |
Observational-Dx |
96 patients |
To evaluate the feasibility of emergency department (ED) point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) for rib fracture diagnosis in patients with minor thoracic injury (mTI). Secondary objectives were to 1) evaluate patients' pain during the PoCUS procedure, 2) identify the limitations of the use of PoCUS technique, and 3) compare the diagnosis obtained with PoCUS to radiography results. |
Ninety-six patients were included. A majority (65%) of EPs concluded that the PoCUS technique to diagnose rib fracture was feasible (VAS score > 50). Median score for feasibility was 63. Median score was 31 (Interquartile range [IQR] 5-57) for patients' pain related to the PoCUS. The main limiting factor of the PoCUS technique was pain during patient examination (15%). |
4 |
| 23. Lee WS, Kim YH, Chee HK, Lee SA. Ultrasonographic evaluation of costal cartilage fractures unnoticed by the conventional radiographic study and multidetector computed tomography. Eur. j. trauma emerg. surg.. 38(1):37-42, 2012 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
93 patients |
To evaluate the sensitivities of chest wall ultrasonography, clinical findings, and radiography in the detection of costal cartilage fractures. |
Of the total 93 patients, 64 (68.8%) showed chondral rib fractures, whereas 29 (31.2%) did not. The mean number of chondral rib fracture sites detected in 64 patients was 1.8 ± 0.8 (range 1-5). Subperiosteal hematoma was the most common finding associated with costal cartilage fractures (n = 14, 15.0%), followed by sternal fracture (n = 9, 9.7%). However, subperiosteal hematoma was also noticed in 1 (1.1%) of the patients without costal cartilage fractures, and sternal fractures in 7 patients (7.5%). |
2 |
| 24. Rudas M, Orde S, Nalos M. Bedside lung ultrasound in the care of the critically ill. Crit Care Resusc. 19(4):327-336, 2017 Dec. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To describe the technique and review the utility of bedside lung ultrasound in acute care. |
No results stated in the abstract |
4 |
| 25. Van Tassel D, McMahon LE, Riemann M, Wong K, Barnes CE. Dynamic ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with suspected slipping rib syndrome. Skeletal Radiology. 48(5):741-751, 2019 May.Skeletal Radiol. 48(5):741-751, 2019 May. |
Observational-Dx |
46 patients |
To describe the development of a reproducible protocol for imaging in patients with Slipping rib syndrome Slipping rib syndrome (SRS). |
Thirty-six of the 46 patients had a diagnosis of SRS, and had an average age of 17 years. Thirty-one patients were female, 15 were male. Thirty-one out of 46 (67%) were athletes. Average BMI was 22.6. Dynamic ultrasound correctly detected SRS in 89% of patients (32 out of 36) and correctly detected the absence in 100% (10 out of 10). Push maneuver had the highest sensitivity (87%; 0.70, 0.96) followed by morphology (68%; 0.51, 0.81) and crunch maneuver (54%; 0.37, 0.71). Valsalva was the least sensitive (13%; 0.04, 0.29). |
2 |
| 26. Krumme JW, Lauer MF, Stowell JT, Beteselassie NM, Kotwal SY. Bone Scintigraphy: A Review of Technical Aspects and Applications in Orthopedic Surgery. [Review]. Orthopedics. 42(1):e14-e24, 2019 Jan 01. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss the review of technical aspects and applications in orthopedic surgery. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 27. Carter BW, Benveniste MF, Betancourt SL, et al. Imaging Evaluation of Malignant Chest Wall Neoplasms. [Review]. Radiographics. 36(5):1285-306, 2016 Sep-Oct. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss the evaluation of malignant chest wall neoplasms. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 28. Dillman JR, Pernicano PG, McHugh JB, et al. Cross-sectional imaging of primary thoracic sarcomas with histopathologic correlation: a review for the radiologist. [Review] [42 refs]. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 39(1):17-29, 2010 Jan-Feb. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss the review of a cross sectional imaging of primary thoracic sarcomas with histopathologic correlation. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 29. Mullan CP, Madan R, Trotman-Dickenson B, Qian X, Jacobson FL, Hunsaker A. Radiology of chest wall masses. [Review]. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 197(3):W460-70, 2011 Sep. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To highlight the role of radiography, CT, PET/CT, and MRI in the diagnosis and management of chest wall lesions. |
Imaging evaluation with radiography, CT, MRI, and PET/CT plays an important role in the accurate diagnosis of chest wall lesions. It can also facilitate percutaneous biopsy, when it is indicated. Imaging enables accurate staging and is a key component of treatment planning for chest wall masses. |
4 |
| 30. Nam SJ, Kim S, Lim BJ, et al. Imaging of primary chest wall tumors with radiologic-pathologic correlation. [Review]. Radiographics. 31(3):749-70, 2011 May-Jun. |
Review/Other-Dx |
17 patients |
To:Describe common primary chest wall tumors in terms of location, origin, tissue components, and clinical features.Identify chest wall tumors on the basis of their MR imaging and CT appearances.Discuss imaging findings that facilitate the differential diagnoses of bone and soft-tissue tumors. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 31. Al-Refaie RE, Amer S, Ismail MF, Al-Shabrawy M, Al-Gamal G, Mokbel E. Chondrosarcoma of the chest wall: single-center experience. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 22(7):829-34, 2014 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
45 patients |
To analyze cases of chest wall chondrosarcoma to establish the presentation, diagnostic tools, surgical treatment, and outcome. |
The mean age was 42.3 ± 8.5 years, and 57.8% patients were male. Symptoms were a painful chest wall mass in 91.1% of patients. Chest radiography and computed tomography, and biopsy were the diagnostic tools. The tumor was right-sided in 57.8% of patients. It was located in the lateral (71.1%), anterior (26.7%), or posterior (2.2%) chest wall. The mean tumor diameter was 7.6 ± 3.3 cm. Radical en-bloc excision was performed in all patients. Chest wall reconstruction was carried out using methylmethacrylate and Prolene mesh (42.2%), Prolene mesh alone (37.8%), and direct closure (20%). A muscle flap was used for soft tissue reconstruction in 11.1%. Complications were encountered in 6.7%. There was no operative mortality. Follow-up was complete in 66.7% of patients. The mean follow-up period was 3.7 ± 2.1 years. Local recurrences and late mortality occurred in 4.4%. |
3 |
| 32. Kachroo P, Pak PS, Sandha HS, et al. Chest wall sarcomas are accurately diagnosed by image-guided core needle biopsy. J Thorac Oncol. 7(1):151-6, 2012 Jan. |
Observational-Dx |
34 patients |
To review the experience of using core needle biopsy for chest wall sarcomas. |
Twenty-eight of the 40 needle biopsy samples (70%) were adequate for histopathological analysis. Forty-two percent of nondiagnostic findings occurred due to insufficient tissue, whereas the remainder had sufficient tissue, but the pathologist was unable to determine specific histology. Excluding the nondiagnostic samples, the accuracy in determining malignancy, histological subtype, and grade in sarcomas was 100, 92, and 87%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of determining malignancy and high-grade sarcomas were 100, 100, 77, and 100%, respectively. There were no complications from the image-guided biopsies. |
2 |
| 33. Nishiyama Y, Tateishi U, Kawai A, et al. Prediction of treatment outcomes in patients with chest wall sarcoma: evaluation with PET/CT. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 42(10):912-8, 2012 Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
42 patients |
To investigate the prognostic implications of (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with chest wall sarcoma. |
The median maximum standardized uptake value of the tumor was 10.2 and the median MIB-1 index of the tumor was 32.5%. Glucose transporter protein 1 expression was found in 29 patients (69%). Univariate analyses revealed that surgery, chemotherapy, MIB-1 labeling index (cut-off 32.5%), MIB-1 grade, glucose transporter protein 1 expression and maximum standardized uptake value were possible predictors for overall and event-free survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that surgery (hazard ratio, 4.852; P = 0.017), maximum standardized uptake value (hazard ratio, 3.077; P = 0.037) and MIB-1 labeling index (hazard ratio, 6.549; P = 0.003) were independent predictors of event-free survival. In addition, surgery (hazard ratio, 4.092; P = 0.021) and maximum standardized uptake value (hazard ratio, 2.968; P = 0.027) were independent predictors of overall survival. |
3 |
| 34. Metser U, Miller E, Lerman H, Even-Sapir E. Benign nonphysiologic lesions with increased 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT: characterization and incidence. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189:1203-10. |
Review/Other-Dx |
289 patients |
To characterize benign lesions showing increased 18F-FDG uptake and to determine their incidence on whole-body FDG PET/CT performed in oncologic patients. In addition, the performance of PET alone and PET/CT in characterizing lesions as benign was compared. |
The causes for benign uptake of FDG were inflammatory processes (n = 154, 73.3%), benign tumors (n = 23, 11%), hematoma or seroma (n = 17, 8.1%), fracture (n = 7, 3.3%), fat necrosis (n = 3, 1.4%), and others (n = 6, 2.9%). For lesions with moderate or marked uptake of FDG (n = 117, 55.7%), a benign diagnosis could have been suggested on either PET or CT (e.g., a "hot" osteophyte) in 33 lesions (28.2%), on CT alone (e.g., peritoneal fat necrosis) in 38 lesions (32.5%), on PET alone (e.g., sialadenitis) in 10 lesions (8.5%), or by clinical correlation (e.g., dental abscess) in four lesions (3.4%). A benign diagnosis could not be established without histology (e.g., colonic polyp) in 32 lesions (27.4%). The performance of PET/CT was superior to that of PET alone in characterizing lesions as benign (p < 0.001). |
4 |
| 35. Choi HS, Yoo IeR, Park HL, Choi EK, Kim SH, Lee WH. Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in differentiation of a benign lesion and metastasis on the ribs of cancer patients. Clin Imaging. 38(2):109-14, 2014 Mar-Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
172 cases |
To examine the role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in differentiating between benign lesions and metastases on the ribs. |
There were 206 benign lesions and 58 metastases. The SUV(max) was significantly higher in the metastatic group (3.0 ± 1.8) than in the benign group (2.5 ± 1.1), (P=.014). For the differential diagnosis between benign and metastatic lesions, the best SUV(max) cut-off was determined to be 2.4. Significant indicators for metastasis were a segmental FDG uptake pattern (OR=10.262, 95% CI 4.151-25.371), presence of an osteoblastic/-lytic lesion (OR=22.903, 95% CI 10.468 to 50.108) and the absence of fractures on CT (OR=291.629, 95% CI 39.09-2175.666). |
3 |
| 36. Al-Muqbel KM. Bone Marrow Metastasis Is an Early Stage of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer Detected Clinically by F18-FDG-PET/CT Imaging. Biomed Res Int. 2017:9852632, 2017. |
Review/Other-Dx |
35 patients |
To determine the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detection of bone marrow (BM) metastasis in breast cancer which is considered an early stage of bone metastasis. |
We included 35 patients. Eighteen patients (51%) had BM metastases in addition to other bone metastases. BM metastases comprised 24% of all lesions. Posttreatment scan was performed on 26/35 patients. Twenty-three percent of BM metastases had resolved completely without causing bone destruction after treatment. Sixty-five percent of BM metastases had converted into bone metastases after treatment. Twelve percent of BM metastases had persisted after treatment. |
4 |
| 37. Qu X, Huang X, Yan W, Wu L, Dai K. A meta-analysis of 18FDG-PET-CT, 18FDG-PET, MRI and bone scintigraphy for diagnosis of bone metastases in patients with lung cancer. [Review]. Eur J Radiol. 81(5):1007-15, 2012 May. |
Meta-analysis |
17 studies |
To evaluate and compare the capability for bone metastasis assessment of [(18)F] fluoro-2-d-glucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography ((18)FDG-PET-CT), [(18)F] fluoro-2-d-glucose positron emission tomography ((18)FDG-PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and bone scintigraphy (BS) in lung cancer patients, a meta-analysis is preformed. |
A total of 17 articles (9 (18)FDG-PET-CT studies, 9 (18)FDG-PET studies, 6 MRI studies and 16 BS studies) that included 2940 patients who fulfilled all of the inclusion criteria were considered for inclusion in the analysis. The pooled sensitivity for the detection of bone metastasis in lung cancer using (18)FDG-PET-CT, (18)FDG-PET, MRI and BS were 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88-0.95), 0.87 (95% CI, 0.81-0.92), 0.77 (95% CI, 0.65-0.87) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.89), respectively. The pooled specificity for the detection of bone metastasis from lung cancer using (18)FDG-PET-CT, (18)FDG-PET, MRI and BS were 0.98 (95% CI, 0.97-0.98), 0.94 (95% CI, 0.92-0.96), 0.92 (95% CI, 0.88-0.95), 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86-0.89), respectively. The pooled DORs estimates for (18)FDG-PET-CT 449.17 were significantly higher than for (18)FDG-PET (118.25, P<0.001), MRI (38.27, P<0.001) and BS (63.37, P<0.001). The pooled sensitivity of BS was not correlated with the prevalence of bone metastasis. |
Good |
| 38. Bueno J, Lichtenberger JP 3rd, Rauch G, Carter BW. MR Imaging of Primary Chest Wall Neoplasms. [Review]. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 27(2):83-93, 2018 Apr. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss the MR imaging of primary chest wall neoplasms. |
No results stated in the abstract |
4 |
| 39. Souza FF, de Angelo M, O'Regan K, Jagannathan J, Krajewski K, Ramaiya N. Malignant primary chest wall neoplasms: a pictorial review of imaging findings. [Review]. Clin Imaging. 37(1):8-17, 2013 Jan-Feb. |
Review/Other-Dx |
13 patients |
To review distinguishing imaging features of the most common MCWN, including epithelial and mesenchymal malignancies, with images collected at an outpatient oncologic center. |
Chest wall neoplasms encompass 5% of all thoracic tumors, with nearly half of chest wall neoplasms being malignant. Out of these malignant neoplasms, 50% are primary and the commonest one is chondrosarcoma. Although distinguishing imaging features may suggest a specific diagnosis in the majority of MCWN, most affected patients undergo biopsy for a definitive diagnosis. |
4 |
| 40. Bagheri R, Haghi SZ, Kalantari MR, et al. Primary malignant chest wall tumors: analysis of 40 patients. Journal Of Cardiothoracic Surgery. 9:106, 2014 Jun 19.J Cardiothorac Surg. 9:106, 2014 Jun 19. |
Observational-Dx |
40 patients |
To report the multidisciplinary experience on primary thoracic tumor resection and thoracic reconstruction, the need to additional therapy and evaluating prognostic factors affecting survival. |
Male/Female (F/M)?=?1, with median age of 43.72 years. Mass was the most common symptoms and the soft tissue sarcoma was the most common pathology. Resection without reconstruction was performed in 5 patients and Thirty-five patients (87.5%) had extensive resection and reconstruction with rotatory muscular flap, prosthetic mesh and/or cement. Overall, 12.5% (5/40) of patients received neoadjuvant therapy and 75% (30/40) of patients were treated with adjuvant therapy. The 3-year survival rate was 65%. Recurrences occurred in 24 patients (60%), 14 developed local recurrences, and 10 developed distant metastases. The primary treatment modality for both local and distant recurrences was surgical resection; among them, 10 underwent repeated resection, 9 adjuvant therapy and 5 were treated with lung metastasectomy. The most common site of distant metastasis was lung (n?=?7). Factors that affected survival were type of pathology and evidence of distant metastasis. |
3 |
| 41. Akata S, Kajiwara N, Park J, et al. Evaluation of chest wall invasion by lung cancer using respiratory dynamic MRI. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 52(1):36-9, 2008 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
61 patients |
To evaluate chest wall invasion by lung cancer using respiratory dynamic MRI. |
At pathological examination, the respiratory dynamic MRI findings were proved correct in all patients. Pathologically, 20 patients had chest wall invasion and their respiratory dynamic MRI was positive (sensitivity 100%). There were 7 false-positive results among the 41 patients without chest wall invasion (specificity 82.9%). Respiratory dynamic MRI may improve the accuracy of conventional CT scan or MRI in the prediction of chest wall invasion of lung cancer, especially in patients in whom the results of conventional CT scan or MRI appear equivocal in the presence of a peripheral mass abutting the chest wall surface without obvious chest wall invasion. |
3 |
| 42. Shiotani S, Sugimura K, Sugihara M, et al. Diagnosis of chest wall invasion by lung cancer: useful criteria for exclusion of the possibility of chest wall invasion with MR imaging. Radiat Med. 18(5):283-90, 2000 Sep-Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
20 patients |
To compare the accuracy of thin-section CT, conventional static MR imaging (conventional MRI), and breathing dynamic echo planar magnetic resonance imaging (BDEPI) in evaluating lung cancer invasion to the chest wall. |
All patients were confirmed to have no chest wall invasion after surgery. By thin-section CT, 10 of 20 patients were correctly diagnosed as having no chest wall invasion (50% specificity). Two of the 20 patients were incorrectly diagnosed as having chest wall invasion by conventional MRI and BDEPI (90% specificity). |
2 |
| 43. Caroli G, Dell'Amore A, Cassanelli N, et al. Accuracy of transthoracic ultrasound for the prediction of chest wall infiltration by lung cancer and of lung infiltration by chest wall tumours. Heart Lung Circ. 24(10):1020-6, 2015 Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
23 patients |
To determine the accuracy of transthoracic ultrasound in the prediction of chest wall infiltration by lung cancer or lung infiltration by chest wall tumours. |
Twenty-three patients were preoperatively examined. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of transthoracic ultrasound were 88.89%, 100%, 100% and 93.3%, respectively. Youden index was used to determine the best cut-off for tumour size in predicting lung/chest wall infiltration: 4.5cm. At univariate logistic regression, tumour size (<4.5 vs = 4.5cm) (p=0.0072) was significantly associated with infiltration. |
1 |
| 44. Tahiri M, Khereba M, Thiffault V, et al. Preoperative assessment of chest wall invasion in non-small cell lung cancer using surgeon-performed ultrasound. Ann Thorac Surg. 98(3):984-9, 2014 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
28 patients |
To determine the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative, surgeon-performed ultrasound (US) in assessing tumoral chest wall invasion (T3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and to compare its accuracy vs preoperative computed tomography (CT). |
During a 28-month period, 28 patients (15 men and 13 women) patients were prospectively enrolled. Mean age was 62 ± 11 years, and mean body mass index was 25.3 ± 4.5 kg/m(2). The average time for surgeon-performed US assessment looking for chest wall invasion was 5.3 ± 5 minutes. The sensitivity of US in evaluating chest wall invasion was 90.9% and the specificity was 85.7%. CT scan was associated with a sensitivity of 61.5% and a specificity of 84.6%. The positive and negative predictive values of surgeon-performed US for tumoral chest wall invasion were 83.3% and 92.3%, respectively, compared with 80% and 68.8% for CT scan. |
2 |
| 45. Bandi V, Lunn W, Ernst A, Eberhardt R, Hoffmann H, Herth FJ. Ultrasound vs. CT in detecting chest wall invasion by tumor: a prospective study. Chest 2008;133:881-6. |
Observational-Dx |
136 patients |
To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the US examination in determining the chest wall involvement of lung cancer compared to that of CT scan and surgery. |
Chest wall invasion by tumor was noted in 26 patients during surgery and final pathologic examination of the tissue. Of these patients, US correctly identified 23 patients tumor invasion, while CT scanning identified 11 patients with tumor invasion. There were 3 false-positive results and 3 false-negative results with US examination, compared to 15 false-negative results and no false-positive results with CT scanning. |
1 |
| 46. Chira R, Chira A, Mircea PA. Intrathoracic tumors in contact with the chest wall--ultrasonographic and computed tomography comparative evaluation. Med. ultrasonography. 14(2):115-9, 2012 Jun. |
Observational-Dx |
131 patients |
To discuss the comparative evaluation of lung lesions in contact with the thoracic wall by transthoracic ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT). |
A number of 17 patients from the study group were diagnosed with benign lesions and 114 (87%) with malignancies. US showed signs of wall invasion in 78 patients (68.42%), whereas CT revealed it in 83 of the patients (72.8%) from the malignancies group. Intratumoral necrosis was diagnosed by US in 100 patients (87.71%) and by CT in 83 patients (72,8%), also from the 114 patients with malignant lesions. US found peritumoral atelectasis in 33 cases and CT in 38 cases. All parameters had good and very good correlation indexes between the methods (kappa = 0,8; 0,6; 0,72; p < 0,001 in all cases). |
2 |
| 47. Koc ZP, Balci TA, Ozyurtkan MO. The role of the three phase bone scintigraphy in the management of the patients with costochondral pain. Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2013;22:90-3. |
Observational-Dx |
50 patients |
To investigate the local and projecting pain, or incidental findings in the three phase bone scintigraphy of the patients referred for costochondral pain. |
Among the 50 patients 22 had normal scintigraphy. An increased activity accumulation in the sternoclavicular joint was observed in 12 patients (right in 4, left in 4 and bilateral in 4) only in late phase and in 9 patients (right in 2, left in 1 and bilateral in 6) with increased vascularity. Among projecting pain causes, activity was present on sternum in 4 patients, on humerus in 2 patients and on the first costae in 2 patients. For the characterization of inflammatory pathology, the three phase bone scintigraphy showed sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of 43%, 94%, 78%, 77% and 78% respectively. |
2 |
| 48. Pattamapaspong N, Sivasomboon C, Settakorn J, Pruksakorn D, Muttarak M. Pitfalls in imaging of musculoskeletal infections. [Review]. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 18(1):86-100, 2014 Feb. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss the pitfalls in imaging of musculoskeletal infections. |
No results sated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 49. Ramonda R, Lorenzin M, Lo Nigro A, et al. Anterior chest wall involvement in early stages of spondyloarthritis: advanced diagnostic tools. Journal of Rheumatology. 39(9):1844-9, 2012 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
110 patients |
To compare the sensitivity and specificity of bone scans and MRI in assessing ACW in early SpA. |
At clinical examination, sternocostoclavicular joints were involved in 87.5% on the right, 77.5% on the left, and 35% on the sternum. Bone scan was positive in 100% and MRI in 62.5% of these patients. Early MRI signs (bone edema, synovial hyperemia) were observed in 27.5%, swelling in 5%, capsular structure thickness in 37.5%, erosions in 15%, bone irregularities in 15%, osteoproductive processes in 12.5%, and osteophytes in 5%. A higher prevalence of Cw6, Cw7, B35, and B38 was found in 15%, 48%, 28%, and 12%, respectively, of the patients with PsA who had bone scans. |
2 |
| 50. Salles M, Olive A, Perez-Andres R, et al. The SAPHO syndrome: a clinical and imaging study. Clin Rheumatol. 30(2):245-9, 2011 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
52 patients |
To describe the clinical and radiological manifestations of patients with the synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome. |
Fifty-two patients were included: 26 male, mean age at diagnosis is 42±12 years. Ostearticular involvement was present before cutaneous involvement in 59.6% of patients and concomitantly in 23.5%. Anterior chest pain was the commonest clinical manifestation, it was present in 38 patients (73%), followed by peripheral arthritis in 17 patients (32%), and sacroliliac pain in 14 patients (26.9%). Cutaneous involvement was present in 33 patients (63.5%). HLA B27 antigen was present in eight patients (17.7%). Bone scintigraphy showed an increased uptake in 42 patients (93.3%). The location of the uptake was mainly in sternoclavicular and manubriosternal joints. CT scan was performed in all "hot joints" showing sclerosis, erosions, hyperostosis, and soft tissue involvement. Refractory patients were treated mainly with pamidronate. Although SAPHO syndrome is an entity that share features that fit into a variety of established disease categories, the present study has a homogenous clinical and radiological pattern that gives support to believe that the SAPHO syndrome is an isolated clinical entity. |
3 |
| 51. Kaplan T, Gunal N, Gulbahar G, et al. Painful Chest Wall Swellings: Tietze Syndrome or Chest Wall Tumor?. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 64(3):239-44, 2016 Apr. |
Observational-Dx |
27 patients |
To report our experience of approximately 121 patients initially diagnosed as TS and determined chest wall tumor in some cases at the follow-up. |
In 27 patients with initial normal radiological findings, the size of swellings had doubled during the follow-up period (mean, 8.51?±?2.15 months). These patients were reevaluated with chest CT and bone scintigraphy and then early diagnostic biopsy was performed. Pathologic examination revealed primary chest wall tumor in 13 patients (5 malignant, 8 benign). CT had a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 64.2% in detection of tumors (kappa: 0.56, p?=?0.002), whereas the sensitivity and the specificity of bone scan were 84.6 and 35.7%, respectively (kappa: 0.199, p?=?0.385). |
2 |
| 52. Bergeron EJ, Meguid RA, Mitchell JD. Chronic Infections of the Chest Wall. [Review]. Thorac Surg Clin. 27(2):87-97, 2017 May. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss Chronic Infections of the Chest Wall. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 53. Elhai M, Paternotte S, Burki V, et al. Clinical characteristics of anterior chest wall pain in spondyloarthritis: an analysis of 275 patients. Joint Bone Spine. 79(5):476-81, 2012 Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
275 patients |
To assess the prevalence of anterior chest wall pain and to describe its clinical characteristics in a cohort of spondyloarthritis patients in a tertiary care center. |
In all, 275 consecutive spondyloarthritis patients were assessed. Among them, 102 patients (37.1%) suffered from spondyloarthritis-associated anterior chest wall pain. It was the first symptom of spondyloarthritis in 3.6% of cases. The prevalence after 5 and 10 years following the diagnosis of spondyloarthritis was 26.0% and 35.5%, respectively. Pain was usually in the upper chest and acute, increased by respiratory movements and movements of the arm; pain during the night was less frequent (41.0%). A flare lasted on average 5 weeks; recurrences were frequent (75%). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-tumor necrosis factor agents were reported as effective in 49.3% and 80.0% of cases, respectively. |
1 |
| 54. Allen RK, Cramond T, Lennon D, Waterhouse M. A retrospective study of chest pain in benign asbestos pleural disease. PAIN MED. 12(9):1303-8, 2011 Sep. |
Observational-Dx |
167 patients |
To ascertain the incidence of asbestos-related chest pain at presentation in two groups of patients referred with asbestos diseases and the demographics, comorbidities, and chest computed tomography findings associated with chest pain. |
There were 167 patients who were medicolegal referrals (Group 1) and 115 clinical referrals (Group 2). Although the patients in Group 1 had more severe disease generally than Group 2, the proportion with pain was not significantly different (45.5% and 55.7%, mean duration 4.8 years, range 1-22 years). Group 1 had more severe disease as a rule. However, the proportion with pain in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, was as follows: diffuse pleural thickening (50.8% and 67.6%, P=0.072), pleural plaques (47.0% and 59.7%, P=0.076), folded atelectasis (70.6% and 83.3%, P=1.000), and asbestosis (43.6% and 53.3%, P=0.346). Of all those with folded atelectasis, 73.9% had pain. |
1 |
| 55. Jamar F, Buscombe J, Chiti A, et al. EANM/SNMMI guideline for 18F-FDG use in inflammation and infection. J Nucl Med 2013;54:647-58. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To assist practitioners in providing appropriate nuclear medicine care for patients. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 56. Vaidyanathan S, Patel CN, Scarsbrook AF, Chowdhury FU. FDG PET/CT in infection and inflammation--current and emerging clinical applications. [Review]. Clin Radiol. 70(7):787-800, 2015 Jul. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To: 1. discuss The current and emerging evidence for the use of FDG PET/CT in a broad spectrum of disorders, such as fever of unknown origin, sarcoidosis, large vessel vasculitis, musculoskeletal infections, joint prosthesis or implant-related complications, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related infections, and miscellaneous indications, such as Ig:4-related systemic disease. 2. Summarise the role of more novel tracers such as FDG-labelled leukocytes and gallium-68 PET tracers in this arena. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 57. Kan Y, Wang W, Liu J, Yang J, Wang Z. Contribution of 18F-FDG PET/CT in a case-mix of fever of unknown origin and inflammation of unknown origin: a meta-analysis. Acta Radiologica. 60(6):716-725, 2019 Jun. |
Meta-analysis |
23 studies |
To systematically review and perform a meta-analysis of published data on the diagnostic performance of PET/CT in the diagnosis of FUO and IUO. |
Our meta-analysis included 23 studies, comprising a total sample size of 1927 patients. The pooled diagnosis performance was calculated with a per-patient-based analysis: sensitivity?=?0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI]?=?0.79-0.89), specificity?=?0.63 (95% CI?=?0.49-0.75), positive likelihood ratio?=?2.3 (95% CI?=?1.5-3.4), negative likelihood ratio?=?0.25 (95% CI?=?0.16-0.38), diagnostic odds ratio?=?9 (95% CI?=?4.0-20), and AUC?=?0.84 (95% CI?=?0.81-0.87). |
Not Assessed |
| 58. Shimizu T, Tokuda Y. Necrotizing fasciitis. [Review]. Intern Med. 49(12):1051-7, 2010. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss necrotizing fasciitis. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 59. Weber U, Lambert RG, Rufibach K, et al. Anterior chest wall inflammation by whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in patients with spondyloarthritis: lack of association between clinical and imaging findings in a cross-sectional study. Arthritis Res Ther. 14(1):R3, 2012 Jan 06. |
Observational-Dx |
122 patients |
To describe the distribution of ACW inflammation by WB MRI in both early and established SpA and associations between clinical and imaging findings indicative of inflammation. |
ACW pain or tenderness was present in 26% of patients, with little difference between AS and nrSpA patients. Bone marrow edema (BME), erosion and fat infiltration were recorded in 44.3%, 34.4% and 27.0% of SpA patients and in 9.3%, 12.0% and 5.3% of controls, respectively. Lesions found by MRI occurred more frequently in AS patients (BME, erosion and fat infiltration in 49.5%, 36.8% and 33.7%, respectively) than in nrSpA patients (25.9%, 25.9% and 3.7%, respectively). The joint most frequently affected by lesions found on MRI scans was the manubriosternal joint. The ? values between clinical assessments and MRI inflammation ranged from -0.10 to only 0.33 for both AS and nrSpA patients. |
1 |
| 60. Palestro CJ.. Radionuclide imaging of osteomyelitis. [Review]. Semin Nucl Med. 45(1):32-46, 2015 Jan. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review radionuclide imaging of osteomyelitis. |
(18)F-FDG is the radionuclide test of choice for spinal infection. The test is sensitive, with a high negative predictive value, and reliably differentiates degenerative from infectious vertebral body end-plate abnormalities. Data on the accuracy of (18)F-FDG for diagnosing diabetic pedal osteomyelitis are contradictory, and its role for this indication remains to be determined. Initial investigations suggested that (18)F-FDG accurately diagnoses prosthetic joint infection; more recent data indicate that it cannot differentiate infection from other causes of prosthetic failure. Preliminary data on the PET agents gallium-68 and iodine-124 fialuridine indicate that these agents may have a role in diagnosing osteomyelitis. |
4 |
| 61. Kouijzer IJE, Mulders-Manders CM, Bleeker-Rovers CP, Oyen WJG. Fever of Unknown Origin: the Value of FDG-PET/CT. [Review]. Semin Nucl Med. 48(2):100-107, 2018 03. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To discuss the value FDG-PET/CT. |
No results was stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 62. Lloyd S, Decker RH, Evans SB. Bone scan findings of chest wall pain syndrome after stereotactic body radiation therapy: implications for the pathophysiology of the syndrome. J. thorac. dis.. 5(2):E41-4, 2013 Apr. |
Review/Other-Dx |
1 patient |
To present a case of a 72-year-old woman treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for peripherally located stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). |
After treatment she developed ipsilateral grade II chest wall pain. A bone scan showed nonspecific and heterogeneous increased radiotracer uptake in the volume of ribs receiving 30% of the prescription dose of radiation (V30). |
4 |
| 63. Nicholls L, Gorayski P, Harvey J. Osteoradionecrosis of the Ribs following Breast Radiotherapy. Case rep., oncol.. 8(2):332-8, 2015 May-Aug. |
Review/Other-Dx |
1 patient |
To report a case of ORN involving the underlying ribs following adjuvant whole-breast RT using standard fractionation and conduct a review of the literature. |
The incidence of ORN utilising modern RT techniques and standard fractionation is rare. Numerous treatments are available, with variable response rates. Emerging evidence of predictive gene profiling to estimate the risk of radiation sensitivity may assist in individualising preventative strategies to mitigate the risk of ORN. |
4 |
| 64. Hota P, Dass C, Erkmen C, Donuru A, Kumaran M. Poststernotomy Complications: A Multimodal Review of Normal and Abnormal Postoperative Imaging Findings. [Review]. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 211(6):1194-1205, 2018 12. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To review the normal postoperative appearance of various sternotomy configurations as well as the pathophysiologic and imaging characteristics of sternotomy complications on radiographs, MDCT, MRI, and scintigraphy. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 65. Nambu A, Onishi H, Aoki S, et al. Rib fracture after stereotactic radiotherapy on follow-up thin-section computed tomography in 177 primary lung cancer patients. Radiat. oncol.. 6:137, 2011 Oct 13. |
Observational-Dx |
177 patients |
To aim to fully characterize the findings on computed tomography (CT), appearance time and frequency of chest wall injury after stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for primary lung cancer |
Rib fracture was identified on follow-up CT in 41 patients (23.2%). Rib fractures appeared at a mean of 21.2 months after the completion of SRT (range, 4-58 months). Chest wall edema, thinning of the cortex and osteosclerosis were findings frequently associated with, and tending to precede rib fractures. No patients with rib fracture showed tumors > 16 mm from the adjacent chest wall. Chest wall pain was seen in 18 of 177 patients (10.2%), of whom 14 patients developed rib fracture. No patients complained of Grade 3 or more symptoms. |
1 |
| 66. Thibault I, Chiang A, Erler D, et al. Predictors of Chest Wall Toxicity after Lung Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 28(1):28-35, 2016 Jan. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To compare the outcomes of patients who underwent placement of multiple plastic stents (Gr II). The pre-op CECT confirmed suitability of endoscopic drainage based on location, wall thickness & contents. |
N: 21(Gr. I), 61(Gr. II). The two groups were comparable in terms of demographics, etiology of pancreatitis, cyst location, size and amount of debris. Placement of NCT, need of necrosectomy and no of sessions required were also not different between the two groups. Clinical success defined as resolution of symptoms was seen in 100% of Gr. I patients vs. 73% in Gr. II (p?=?0.048). None of the patients in Gr I required subsequent surgery vs 20/61 (32.7%) in Gr. II (p?=?0.025). Complications: 15% in Gr. I vs 37% in Gr. II (p?=?0.016)Mean hospital stay was 4 days (1-33) in Gr. I vs 8 (4-65) in Gr II (p?=?0.012). Mortality was none in Gr. I vs. 6.5% (4/61) in Gr. II (p?=?0.22) |
4 |
| 67. Gaudreau G, Costache V, Houde C, et al. Recurrent sternal infection following treatment with negative pressure wound therapy and titanium transverse plate fixation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 37(4):888-92, 2010 Apr. |
Review/Other-Dx |
10665 patients |
To provide a definition for recurrent sternal infection (RSI), analyse the risk factors and describe the management of this complication following treatment of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) with horizontal titanium sternal osteosynthesis and coverage with pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps. |
Of the 92 patients who underwent sternal osteosynthesis, nine (9.8%) developed recurrent sternal infection requiring hardware removal. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) status (33.3% vs 6.1%; p=0.03) and prolonged intubation time in ICU (44.4% vs 14.6%; p<0.05) were significant risk factors. Two-thirds of these patients were also found to be infected with the same germ as the one responsible for their initial DSWI. No death was reported and sternal integrity was preserved in all patients despite plate removal. |
4 |
| 68. Exarhos DN, Malagari K, Tsatalou EG, et al. Acute mediastinitis: spectrum of computed tomography findings. Eur Radiol 2005;15:1569-74. |
Observational-Dx |
40 patients |
To describe CT findings and to determine the diagnostic value of CT in diagnosis of acute mediastinitis. |
Findings included increased attenuation of mediastinal fat (100%), localized mediastinal fluid collections (55%), free gas bubbles in the mediastinum (57.5%), mediastinal lymph nodes (35%), pericardial effusions (27.5%), pleural effusions (85%), lung infiltrates (35%), sternal dehiscence (40%), and pleuromediastinal fistula (2.5%). The sensitivity and specificity of CT in postoperative patients in the first 17 days was 100% and 33% respectively, and after day 17, 100% and 90%. In patients with ADNM sensitivity was 100% while in patients with suspected esophageal perforation sensitivity and specificity were 100%. CT is a highly sensitive technique for the detection of mediastinitis of various causes. For the postoperative patients there is clear time dependence for CT interpretation and accuracy. In patients with suspected ADNM, and traumatic esophageal perforation CT is highly specific early after clinical presentation. |
2 |
| 69. Sharif M, Wong CHM, Harky A. Sternal Wound Infections, Risk Factors and Management - How Far Are We? A Literature Review. [Review]. Heart Lung Circ. 28(6):835-843, 2019 Jun. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To summarise current literature evidence behind appropriately diagnosing such a catastrophe. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 70. Hautalahti J, Rinta-Kiikka I, Tarkka M, Laurikka J. Symptoms of Sternal Nonunion Late after Cardiac Surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 65(4):325-331, 2017 Jun. |
Review/Other-Dx |
2,053 patients |
To find out whether the complaints from patients having symptoms of sternal nonunion late after sternotomy were related to true sternal nonunion or decreased bone density. |
The number of patients replied in the survey was 1,918 (93.4%); 2.3% (44 patients) reported sensation of movement or clicking in sternum during body movements and during coughing. Symptomatic patients living within 200?km to the hospital (21) and their asymptomatic controls (21) were selected for further clinical and imaging studies. Mean period between the initial operation and the examinations was 36 (22-56) months. Sternal palpation pain was significantly associated with reported symptoms suggestive of sternal nonunion (odds ratio [OR] 22.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5-195); however, none of the patients had clinically unstable sternum or nonunion in the sternal imaging. The symptoms of sternal instability were more frequent in patients whose bone mineralization rate (as measured with T-scores) was higher. |
4 |
| 71. Marasco SF, Davies AR, Cooper J, et al. Prospective randomized controlled trial of operative rib fixation in traumatic flail chest. J Am Coll Surg. 216(5):924-32, 2013 May. |
Experimental-Dx |
5,036 patients |
To investigate the impact of operative fixation in the traumatic flail chest injured patients. |
Patients in the operative fixation group had significantly shorter ICU stay (hours) postrandomization (285 hours [range 191 to 319 hours] for the surgical group vs 359 hours [range 270 to 581 hours] for the conservative group; p = 0.03) and lesser requirement for noninvasive ventilation after extubation (3 hours [range 0 to 25 hours] in the surgical group vs 50 hours [range 17 to 102 hours] in the conservative group; p = 0.01). No differences in spirometry at 3 months or quality of life at 6 months were noted. |
2 |
| 72. Bille A, Okiror L, Karenovics W, Routledge T. Experience with titanium devices for rib fixation and coverage of chest wall defects. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 15(4):588-95, 2012 Oct. |
Observational-Dx |
18 patients |
To describe our experience with two new titanium-based devices for chest wall reconstruction and stabilization. |
There were 12 males, and the median age was 61 years. There were no postoperative deaths. The only postoperative complication observed was a pleural effusion requiring drainage in one patient who had titanium clips for the fixation of multiple traumatic rib fractures. Median length of stay of the drain and median length of hospital stay were 3 days (range 1-6) and 4 days (range 2-42 days), respectively. The average follow-up period of operatively managed patients was 6 months, (range 2-14 months). Two cases of hardware failure occurred in two patients treated for a lung hernia with large chest wall defects involving the anterior costal margin with either devices. |
4 |
| 73. Wang L, Huang L, Li X, et al. Three-Dimensional Printing PEEK Implant: A Novel Choice for the Reconstruction of Chest Wall Defect. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 107(3):921-928, 2019 03.Ann Thorac Surg. 107(3):921-928, 2019 03. |
Observational-Dx |
18 patients |
To use 3-dimensional printing (3DP) polyetheretherketone (PEEK) implants for skeletal reconstructions after wide excision of chest wall. |
Ten patients with rib tumors and 8 patients with sternum tumors were selected for the study. The mean chest wall defect size was 173.6 ± 151.5 cm2 (range, 55 to 625 cm2). The mean weight of a single 3DP PEEK rib and sternum was 28 g and 104 g, respectively. The flexural and tensile strength of PEEK implants were 141 ± 7 MPa and 89 ± 3 MPa, respectively. Preoperative and postoperative pulmonary function tests revealed that mean forced vital capacity was from 2.79 ± 0.68 L to 2.40 ± 0.70 L with a reduction of 14.0% (p < 0.001). No side effects were observed 6 to 12 months after the operation. |
2 |
| 74. Mori T, Yamada T, Ohba Y, et al. A case of desmoid-type fibromatosis arising after thoracotomy for lung cancer with a review of the english and Japanese literature. [Review]. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 20 Suppl:465-9, 2014. |
Review/Other-Dx |
16 patients |
To report a case of desmoid-type fibromatosis arising from a site for thoracotomy to treat lung cancer and to discuss the report of the cases of desmoid-type fibromatosis arising from a site for thoracotomy to treat lung cancer. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 75. Algan O, Confer M, Algan S, et al. Quantitative evaluation of correlation of dose and FDG-PET uptake value with clinical chest wall complications in patients with lung cancer treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 23(6):727-36, 2015. |
Observational-Dx |
15 patients |
To investigate quantitatively the dosimetric factors that increase the risk of clinical complications of rib fractures or chest wall pain after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to the lung |
Overall, three of fifteen patients developed rib fractures with chest wall pain, and two patients developed pain symptoms without fracture. The mean dose to the rib cage in patients with fractures was 37.53 Gy compared to 33.35 Gy in patients without fractures. Increased chest wall activity as determined by FDG-uptake was noted in patients who developed rib fractures. Enhanced activity from PET-images correlated strongly with high doses deposited to the chest wall which could be predicted by a linear relationship. The local enhanced activity was associated with the development of clinical complications such as chest wall inflammation and rib fracture. This study demonstrates that rib fractures and chest wall pain can occur after SBRT treatments to the lung and is associated with increased activity on subsequent PET scans. The FDG-PET activity provides a useful parameter that can be used clinically to predict chest wall complication in lung patients. |
2 |
| 76. Tomita H, Kita T, Hayashi K, Kosuda S. Radiation-induced myositis mimicking chest wall tumor invasion in two patients with lung cancer: a PET/CT study. Clin Nucl Med. 37(2):168-9, 2012 Feb. |
Review/Other-Dx |
2 patients |
To discuss the the results of two patients who have undergone stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) exhibited increased F-18 FDG uptake in the chest wall after 6 months and 18 months, respectively, after SBRT. |
The prescribed dose of 50 Gy to the planning target volume was delivered on 4 consecutive days in each patient. It is important for nuclear medicine physicians to be familiar with F-18 FDG PET/CT findings ascribed to radiation-induced myositis in lung cancer patients treated with SBRT so that an appropriate differential diagnosis can be established. |
4 |
| 77. Zhang R, Feng Z, Zhang Y, Tan H, Wang J, Qi F. Diagnostic value of fluorine-18 deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in deep sternal wound infection. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 71(12):1768-1776, 2018 Dec. |
Observational-Dx |
73 patients |
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of fluorine-18 deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for identifying the infected area of DSWI. |
Of the 73 patients, 64, 54, 28, and 6 patients were diagnosed with sternal osteomyelitis, mediastinitis, costal chondritis, and vascular graft infection (VGI), respectively. The sensitivities of PET/CT for diagnosing sternal osteomyelitis, mediastinitis, and costal chondritis were 98.4%, 77.8%, and 100.0%, respectively, and the corresponding specificities were 94.7%, 82.1%, and 100.0%, respectively. PET/CT correctly diagnosed all six cases of VGI. There were 65 infected costal cartilages in the patients with costal chondritis. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET/CT for locating infected costal cartilages were 81.5%, 99.8%, and 98.6%, respectively. |
1 |
| 78. Hariri H, Tan S, Martineau P, et al. Utility of FDG-PET/CT for the Detection and Characterization of Sternal Wound Infection Following Sternotomy. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019;53:253-62. |
Observational-Dx |
40 patients |
To analyze the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET/CT for SWI in patients following sternotomy. |
A total of 40 subjects were identified with 11 confirmed SWI cases. Consensus interpretation was associated with a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 97%. Combination of uptake patterns yielded an AUC of 0.96 while use of SUVmax yielded an AUC of 0.82. |
2 |
| 79. Grubstein A, Rapson Y, Zer A, et al. MRI diagnosis and follow-up of chest wall and breast desmoid tumours in patients with a history of oncologic breast surgery and silicone implants: A pictorial report. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 63(1):47-53, 2019 Feb. |
Observational-Dx |
6 patients |
To highlight specific characteristics of breast and chest wall desmoid tumours on long-term follow-up by sequential MRI scans. |
All patients underwent breast surgery prior to the development of the desmoid tumour. Five of the patients had reconstruction or augmentation using silicone implants. Two desmoids were treated primarily with surgery, three with medical means and one is under wait-and-see approach. On MRI, tumours appeared either oval and lobulated (chest wall) or spiculated with architectural distortion (breast). Chest wall desmoids demonstrated both an enhancing high-T2-signal component and a non-enhancing low-T2- signal component. The histologically defined phases during the course of desmoid tumours (progression, regression, residual disease) could be demonstrated by corresponding MRI changes in each of the components. |
4 |
| 80. Quirce R, Carril JM, Gutierrez-Mendiguchia C, Serrano J, Rabasa JM, Bernal JM. Assessment of the diagnostic capacity of planar scintigraphy and SPECT with 99mTc-HMPAO-labelled leukocytes in superficial and deep sternal infections after median sternotomy. Nucl Med Commun 2002;23:453-9. |
Observational-Dx |
41 patients |
To assess the diagnostic capacity of planar scintigraphy and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO)-labelled leukocytes in deep sternal infections after median sternotomy |
The final diagnosis was deep sternal infection in nine patients and superficial sternal infection in 10, with infection being ruled out in 22 patients. Planar scintigraphy did not detect any of the deep sternal infections at either 4 h or 20 h. SPECT correctly identified eight of the nine deep sternal infections at 4 h and all seven at 20 h, with no false positive results. Planar scintigraphy identified 16 of the 18 superficial sternal infections at 4 h and all of them at 20 h. SPECT identified 17 of these 18 infections at 4 h and all of them at 20 h. Other infections unrelated to the sternotomy were identified in seven patients. Leukocytes labelled with 99mTc-HMPAO are a highly reliable method for the early diagnosis of sternal infections after median sternotomy. Use of SPECT allows determination of the depth of the infection and differentiation of superficial from deep sternal infections. It is also possible to detect other sites of infection, thus providing alternative diagnoses. |
2 |
| 81. Bessette PR, Hanson MJ, Czarnecki DJ, Yuille DL, Rankin JJ. Evaluation of postoperative osteomyelitis of the sternum comparing CT and dual Tc-99m MDP bone and In-111 WBC SPECT. Clin Nucl Med 1993;18:197-202. |
Review/Other-Dx |
32 patients |
To report on a retrospective study of 32 patients who underwent CT and combined Tc-99m MDP and in-111 WBC SPECT between 1988 and 1991 for post-operative sternal osteomyelitis. |
No results stated in the abstract. |
4 |
| 82. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Radiation Dose Assessment Introduction. Available at: https://www.acr.org/-/media/ACR/Files/Appropriateness-Criteria/RadiationDoseAssessmentIntro.pdf. |
Review/Other-Dx |
N/A |
To provide evidence-based guidelines on exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. |
No abstract available. |
4 |
