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Appropriateness Criteria

Reference Study Type Patients/Events Study Objective(Purpose of Study) Study Results Study Quality
1. Amonoo-Kuofi HS. Horner's syndrome revisited: with an update of the central pathway. Clin Anat. 12(5):345-61, 1999. Review/Other-Dx N/A To present  the life of Johann Friedrich Horner, the eminent Swiss ophthalmologist, renowned for describing the effects of paralysis of the human cervical sympathetic nerves No results stated in the abstract. 4
2. Khan Z, Bollu PC. Horner Syndrome. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL); 2024. Review/Other-Dx N/A To discuss Horner Syndrome. No results stated in the abstract. 4
3. Sabbagh MA, De Lott LB, Trobe JD. Causes of Horner Syndrome: A Study of 318 Patients. J Neuroophthalmol. 40(3):362-369, 2020 09. Review/Other-Dx 159 patients To compare the cause of Horner syndrome in cases where the diagnosis was confirmed by apraclonidine testing conducted by ophthalmologists to cases in which the diagnosis was made entirely on clinical grounds mostly by nonophthalmologists. In the cohort of 159 apraclonidine-confirmed cases of Horner syndrome, a cause was identified in 97 (61%). Procedures in the neck, chest, skull base, and paraspinal region accounted for most of the identified causes, with cervical carotid dissection the next most common cause. In a cohort of 159 cases of Horner syndrome not tested with apraclonidine because the clinical diagnosis appeared firm, procedures again accounted for the largest percentage, but tumor was the next most common cause. In both groups, when a cause for Horner syndrome could be identified, that cause was nearly always known before Horner syndrome was identified. However, in an important minority of cases, mostly involving carotid dissection or tumor, the identification of Horner syndrome was critical to the discovery of those conditions. 4
4. Beebe JD, Kardon RH, Thurtell MJ. The Yield of Diagnostic Imaging in Patients with Isolated Horner Syndrome. [Review]. Neurol Clin. 35(1):145-151, 2017 02. Review/Other-Dx N/A To determine, with a retrospective chart review, the imaging yield for patients with clinically isolated Horner syndrome. No results stated in the abstract. 4
5. Al-Moosa A, Eggenberger E. Neuroimaging yield in isolated Horner syndrome. [Review]. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 22(6):468-71, 2011 Nov. Review/Other-Dx N/A To review the yield of imaging in isolated cases of Horner syndrome in order to better understand if and when imaging will ultimately be beneficial. With limited evidence-based data, the general recommendation for evaluation in pediatric cases of isolated Horner syndrome is physical examination, urinary catecholamines and imaging. In adults, it may be possible to hold-off on imaging of isolated Horner syndrome especially if evidence exists establishing chronic duration. 4
6. Cavazza S, Bocciolini C, Gasparrini E, Tassinari G. Iatrogenic Horner's syndrome. Eur J Ophthalmol. 15(4):504-6, 2005 Jul-Aug. Review/Other-Dx 2 patients To report two cases of Horner's syndrome. One presented after the ablation of a schwannoma of the cervical sympathetic chain, the second after upper thorascopic sympathectomy for primary palmar hyperhidrosis. In the early postoperative days, miosis, ptosis, anhidrosis, and enophthalmos were observed. 4
7. Allen AY, Meyer DR. Neck procedures resulting in Horner syndrome. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 25(1):16-8, 2009 Jan-Feb. Review/Other-Dx 6 patients To report cases of Horner syndrome caused by interventions in the neck region. Six cases of Horner syndrome caused by neck procedures were identified. The study included 5 women and 1 man, ranging in age from 37 to 79 years old. Procedures included coronary artery bypass surgery with neck catheter, carotid endarterectomy, cervical and thoracic sympathectomy, parathyroid surgery, and 2 cases of cervical spine fusion surgery. 4
8. Aslankurt M, Aslan L, Colak M, Aksoy A. Horner's syndrome following a subtotal thyroidectomy for a benign nodular goitre. BMJ Case Rep. 2013, 2013 Jun 13. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To present a case of Horner's syndrome occurring as a complication of thyroidectomy. No results stated in the abstract. 4
9. Arnold M, Baumgartner RW, Stapf C, et al. Ultrasound diagnosis of spontaneous carotid dissection with isolated Horner syndrome. Stroke. 39(1):82-6, 2008 Jan. Observational-Dx 88 patients To discuss the Ultrasound diagnosis of spontaneous carotid dissection with isolated Horner syndrome We identified 88 patients with Horner syndrome as the only sign of sICAD. Initial ultrasound examination was performed in 72 patients after a mean time interval from symptom onset to examination of 11 (SD 8) days. The overall frequency of false-negative ultrasound findings was 31% (22 of 72 patients). It showed stenosis >or=80% or occlusion in 34 (47%) patients, and stenosis <or=80% in 16 (22%). It visualized mural hematoma in 7 patients and intimal flap in one. Patients with normal ultrasound were less frequently smokers (9% versus 28%, P=0.034), and had less frequently migraine without aura (9% versus 43%, P=0.012) or neck pain (18% versus 62%, P=0.003) than those with pathological ultrasound findings. 2
10. Flaherty PM, Flynn JM. Horner syndrome due to carotid dissection. [Review]. J Emerg Med. 41(1):43-6, 2011 Jul. Review/Other-Dx 1patient To describe a patient who presented to the Emergency Department with a traumatic Horner syndrome caused by internal carotid dissection. No results stated in the abstract 4
11. Demetriades AM, Miller NR, Garibaldi DC. Bilateral internal carotid artery dissection presenting as isolated unilateral Horner syndrome. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 25(6):485-6, 2009 Nov-Dec. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the bilateral internal carotid artery dissection presenting as isolated unilateral Horner syndrome No results stated in the abstract 4
12. Edwards A, Andrews R. A case of Brown-Sequard syndrome with associated Horner's syndrome after blunt injury to the cervical spine. Emerg Med J. 18(6):512-3, 2001 Nov. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient -To highlight the necessity to observe strict ATLS guidelines. -To discuss the thorough examination of the central and peripheral nervous system where spinal injury is suspected, even in the absence of radiographic abnormality and neck pain. -This article  presents the unusual phenomena of Brown-Sequard syndrome and unilateral Horner's syndrome after blunt traumatic injury to the cervical spine. No results stated in the abstract 4
13. Ibrahim M, Parmar H, Yang L. Horner syndrome associated with contusion of the longus colli muscle simulating a tumor. J Neuroophthalmol. 30(1):70-2, 2010 Mar. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the horner syndrome associated with contusion of the longus colli muscle simulating a tumor. No results stated in the abstract 4
14. Dubois-Marshall S, De Kock S. Two days with a broken knife blade in the neck--an interesting case of Horner's syndrome. Emerg Med J. 28(7):629-31, 2011 Jul. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss an examination which identified Horner's syndrome, and further investigation revealed that the blade of the knife had remained in the patient's neck. No results stated in the abstract 4
15. Baisakhiya NK, Mukundan S. Ganglioneuroma of the neck. JPMA J Pak Med Assoc. 58(12):699-701, 2008 Dec. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the Ganglioneuroma of the neck. No results stated in the abstract 4
16. Basuthakur S, Sengupta A, Bandyopadhyay A, Banerjee A. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour presenting with Horner's syndrome. J Assoc Physicians India. 61(9):661-3, 2013 Sep. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour presenting with Horner's syndrome. No results stated in the abstract. 4
17. Adouly T, Adnane C, Oubahmane T, et al. An unusual giant schwannoma of cervical sympathetic chain: a case report. J Med Case Reports. 10:26, 2016 Feb 02. Review/Other-Dx 1 patients To discuss an  unusual giant schwannoma of cervical sympathetic chain. No results stated in the abstract 4
18. Shanmugathas N, Rajwani KM, Dev S. Pancoast tumour presenting as shoulder pain with Horner's syndrome. BMJ Case Rep. 12(1), 2019 Jan 24. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To highlight the importance of a thorough history and examination in identifying a rare cause of shoulder and/or back pain. No results stated in the abstract 4
19. Batawi H, Micieli JA. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presenting as a sixth nerve palsy and Horner's syndrome. BMJ Case Reports. 12(10), 2019 Oct 10. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss nasopharyngeal carcinoma presenting as a sixth nerve palsy and Horner's syndrome No results stated in the abstract 4
20. Oono S, Saito I, Inukai G, Morisawa K. Traumatic Horner syndrome without anhidrosis. J Neuroophthalmol. 19(2):148-51, 1999 Jun. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss Traumatic Horner syndrome without anhidrosis. No results stated in the abstract. 4
21. Blacker DJ, Wijdicks EF. Delayed complete bilateral ptosis associated with massive infarction of the right hemisphere. Mayo Clin Proc. 78(7):836-9, 2003 Jul. Review/Other-Dx 6 patients To characterize the phenomenon of complete bilateral ptosis associated with massive infarction of the right cerebral hemisphere, particularly with respect to its time course and relationship to herniation syndromes. Six patients with massive infarction of the right cerebral hemisphere developed complete bilateral ptosis. All had normal eyelid opening at initial examination and later developed ptosis, which clearly preceded signs of herniation. Three patients died after herniation syndromes developed. In the 3 survivors, improvement in ptosis closely followed resolution of midbrain distortion seen on computed tomographic scans. 4
22. Nannoni S, Maeder P, Vingerhoets F, Michel P. Horner syndrome in ipsilateral lenticulostriate stroke: a novel localization for a classic stroke syndrome. Clin Auton Res. 28(6):583-587, 2018 12. Review/Other-Dx 3 patients To discuss Horner syndrome in ipsilateral lenticulostriate stroke: a novel localization for a classic stroke syndrome. No results stated in the abstract. 4
23. Agarwal PK, Lim LT, Park S, Spiteri-Cornish K, Cox A. Alternating Horner's syndrome in multiple sclerosis. SEMIN. OPHTHALMOL.. 27(1-2):40-1, 2012 Jan-Mar. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the alternating Horner's syndrome in multiple sclerosis. No results stated in the abstract 4
24. Alam P, Sloane J, Koraitim M, Brennan PA. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in the neck presenting with Horner syndrome - a cause of the condition not previously described. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 54(6):689-91, 2016 Jul. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in the neck presenting with Horner syndrome ,how it may have occurred, and highlight the importance of a thorough examination and investigation of the head and neck in patients who present with unusual neurological signs. No results in the abstract. 4
25. Uludag IF, Sariteke A, Ocek L, et al. Neuromyelitis optica presenting with horner syndrome: A case report and review of literature. [Review]. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 14:32-34, 2017 May. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the case report and review of literature of neuromyelitis optica presenting with horner syndrome No results stated in the abstract. 4
26. Bollen AE, Krikke AP, de Jager AE. Painful Horner syndrome due to arteritis of the internal carotid artery. Neurology. 51(5):1471-2, 1998 Nov. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the painful Horner syndrome due to arteritis of the internal carotid artery No results stated in the abstract. 4
27. Biart S, Panicker J. Insidious onset of headache, diplopia and Horner's syndrome: a rare case of petrous bone osteomyelitis. BMJ Case Reports. 12(9), 2019 Sep 18. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To present an unusual case of skull base osteomyelitis in an 88-year-old woman. No results stated in the abstract 4
28. Davagnanam I, Fraser CL, Miszkiel K, Daniel CS, Plant GT. Adult Horner's syndrome: a combined clinical, pharmacological, and imaging algorithm. [Review]. Eye. 27(3):291-8, 2013 Mar. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss an adult Horner's syndrome: a combined clinical, pharmacological, and imaging algorithm. No results stated in the abstract 4
29. Ahmadi O, Saxena P, Wilson BK, Bunton RW. First rib fracture and Horner's syndrome: a rare clinical entity. Ann Thorac Surg. 95(1):355, 2013 Jan. Review/Other-Dx N/A To discuss the first rib fracture and Horner's syndrome. No results stated in the abstract. 4
30. Chan CC, Paine M, O'Day J. Carotid dissection: a common cause of Horner's syndrome. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 29(6):411-5, 2001 Dec. Review/Other-Dx 5 patients To highlight that internal carotid artery dissection is a common cause of Horner's syndrome and that it is important to diagnose dissection as anticoagulation can prevent carotid thrombosis and embolism. The case reports and literature highlight that dissection is under-recognized as a cause of Horner's syndrome and can be missed. The investigation of choice is a magnetic resonance imaging and angiography scan of the head and neck. The treatment advocated is anticoagulation for 3-6 months. 4
31. Creavin ST, Rice CM, Pollentine A, Cowburn P. Carotid artery dissection presenting with isolated headache and Horner syndrome after minor head injury. Am J Emerg Med. 30(9):2103.e5-7, 2012 Nov. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the Carotid artery dissection presenting with isolated headache and Horner syndrome after minor head injury. No results stated in the abstract. 4
32. Crevits L, D'Herde K, Deblaere K. Painful isolated Horner's syndrome caused by pontine ischaemia. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 242(2):181-183, 2004 Feb. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To alert ophthalmologists to the possibility of brainstem ischaemia in patients with isolated Horner's syndrome. Horner's syndrome was pharmacologically localised to a first- or second-order sympathetic neuron on the right. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a small ischaemic lesion at the transition between pons and midbrain, lateral to the anterolateral system involving the sympathetic tract on the right side. 4
33. Venketasubramanian N, Singh J, Hui F, Lim MK. Carotid artery dissection presenting as a painless Horner's syndrome in a pilot: fit to fly?. Aviat Space Environ Med. 69(3):307-10, 1998 Mar. Review/Other-Dx I patient To discuss the carotid artery dissection presenting as a painless Horner's syndrome in a pilot: fit to fly. No result stated in the abstract 4
34. Teixeira JC, Jackson PJ. Internal Carotid Artery Dissection Presenting as Partial Horner's Syndrome and Vertigo. Mil Med. 185(9-10):e1840-e1842, 2020 09 18. Review/Other-Dx I patient To  illustrate the importance of imaging in vertigo patients in which a central etiology is suspected. It further demonstrates that isolated partial Horner's or unilateral headache may indeed be the only presenting sign in a carotid dissection. No results stated in the abstract. 4
35. Wu L, Luo M, Jiang Y. Cortico-hypothalamic pathway of Horner syndrome derived from isolated lenticulostriate stroke. Clin Auton Res. 33(1):63-67, 2023 02. Observational-Dx 1706 patients To present with ipsilateral ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis due to interruption of the oculosympathetic pathway. Patients with acute ischemic stroke may present with Horner syndrome, which may help locate the lesion. Among the 1706 acute stroke patients, three patients developed temporary or long-term Horner syndrome due to an ipsilateral lenticulostriate ischemic lesion. Diffusion-tensor imaging revealed disruption of an uncrossed pathway from Brodmann areas 3, 1, and 2 through the basal ganglia to the ipsilateral hypothalamus. 2
36. Russell JH, Joseph SJ, Snell BJ, Jithoo R. Brown-Sequard syndrome associated with Horner's syndrome following a penetrating drill bit injury to the cervical spine. J Clin Neurosci. 16(7):975-7, 2009 Jul. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To report a 41-year-old male who presented with a partial Brown-Sequard syndrome and Horner's syndrome following a penetrating drill bit injury to his mid cervical spine. No results stated in the abstract. 4
37. Shen CC, Wang YC, Yang DY, Wang FH, Shen BB. Brown-Sequard syndrome associated with Horner's syndrome in cervical epidural hematoma. Spine. 20(2):244-7, 1995 Jan 15. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To analyze the likely locations of lesions that cause a combination of Horner's and Brown-Séquard syndromes. One must know the anatomic structure of spinal cord and the sympathetic nerve chain. A hypertensive patient had Brown-Séquard and Horner's syndromes after neck trauma. The magnetic resonance imaging and surgical findings showed the correlation between the clinical symptoms and the likely lesion. 4
38. Panciani PP, Forgnone S, Fontanella M, Ducati A, Lanotte M. Unusual presentation of a spontaneous spinal epidural haematoma. Acta Neurol Belg. 109(2):146-8, 2009 Jun. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To describe a case of SSEH presenting with simultaneous BSS and HS. The possibility of a conservative management in similar cases is discussed. No results stated in the abstract. 4
39. Sati WO, Haddad M, Anjum S. A Case of Spinal Epidural Abscess Presenting with Horner Syndrome. Cureus. 13(4):e14541, 2021 Apr 18. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To present a case of a 23-year-old male with no past medical history No results stated in the abstract. 4
40. Spacey K, Zaidan A, Khazim R, Dannawi Z. Horner's syndrome secondary to intervertebral disc herniation at the level of T1-2. BMJ Case Rep. 2014, 2014 Jun 05. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss Horner's syndrome secondary to intervertebral disc herniation at the level of T1-2. No results stated in the abstract. 4
41. Teixeira JC, Santos MM, Melancia JL. T1-T2 Herniated Disk Presenting with Horner Syndrome. World Neurosurg. 107:1050.e13-1050.e15, 2017 Nov. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To report a case of a young patient who presented with Horner syndrome caused by a T1-T2 disk herniation. No results stated in the abstract. 4
42. Kerrison JB, Biousse V, Newman NJ. Isolated Horner's syndrome and syringomyelia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 69(1):131-2, 2000 Jul. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss an isolated Horner's syndrome and syringomyelia. No results stated in the abstract. 4
43. Laufs H, Weidauer S, Heller C, Lorenz M, Neumann-Haefelin T. Hemi-spinal cord infarction due to vertebral artery dissection in congenital afibrinogenemia. Neurology. 63(8):1522-3, 2004 Oct 26. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To report a young patient with congenital afibrinogenemia, who developed VAD with extensive unilateral spinal cord infarction, probably caused by local compression of spinal radicular feeders at their origin by vertebral artery hematoma. No results stated in the abstract. 4
44. Akiyama K, Hirota J, Ohkado A, Shiina Y. Multivarious clinical manifestations of multiple pseudoaneurysms in Behcet's disease. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 39(2):175-8, 1998 Apr. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To present a case of Behçet's disease with multiple pseudoaneurysms, which also showed these other clinical manifestations. No results state din the abstract. 4
45. de Seze J, Vukusic S, Viallet-Marcel M, et al. Unusual ocular motor findings in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci. 243(1-2):91-5, 2006 Apr 15. Review/Other-Dx N/A To discuss unusual ocular motor findings in multiple sclerosis.. No results stated in the abstract. 4
46. Degirmenci E, Erdogan C, Aras D, Oguzhanoglu A. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presenting with horner syndrome and carotid-sinus syncope. Neurolog. 18(4):208-10, 2012 Jul. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To report a patient presenting with Horner syndrome and syncopal episodes who was finally diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. A 56-year-old man presented with a history of slowly progressive right upper-eyelid droop for the last 1.5 months and episodes of loss of consciousness. After detailed clinical and laboratory examinations, the patient had the final diagnosis of metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. 4
47. Cho BJ, Kim JS, Hwang JM. Horner's syndrome and contralateral abducens nerve palsy associated with zoster meningitis. Korean Journal of Ophthalmology. 27(6):474-7, 2013 Dec. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the Horner's syndrome and contralateral abducens nerve palsy associated with zoster meningitis To present the first report of Horner's syndrome and contralateral abducens nerve palsy associated with zoster meningitis. 4
48. Kal A, Ercan ZE, Duman E, Arpaci E. Abducens Nerve Palsy and Ipsilateral Horner Syndrome in a Patient With Carotid-Cavernous Fistula. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. 26(7):e653-5, 2015 Oct. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To present a case with right abducens nerve palsy with ipsilateral Horner syndrome in a patient with carotid-cavernous fistula because of head trauma. No results stated in the abstract. 4
49. Umeki S, Soejima R. Acute and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: clinical evaluation and the criteria. Intern Med 1992;31:847-56. Review/Other-Dx 11 patients To investigate and compare 11 cases of eosinophilic pneumonia which were clinico-pathohistologically diagnosed and found to be unassociated with organic disorders producing peripheral blood eosinophilia. No results stated in the abstract 4
50. Merchant H, Rye DS, Smith JA. Isolated pituitary fossa metastasis from a primary tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma: case report. J Laryngol Otol. 134(4):369-371, 2020 Apr. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To present a case of an isolated pituitary fossa metastasis on a background of a previously treated tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. This case represents the first reported isolated pituitary fossa metastasis from a tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. A high degree of clinical suspicion is recommended, along with a low threshold for biopsy and a cautioned use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography, when investigating such patients. 4
51. Orssaud C, Roche O, Renard G, Dufier JL. Carotid artery dissection revealed by an oculosympathetic spasm. J Emerg Med. 39(5):586-8, 2010 Nov. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To report the case of a patient who presented with a unilateral non-reactive enlargement of the right pupil that did not last longer than 30 s. No results stated in the abstract. 4
52. Adamec I, Matijevic V, Pavlisa G, Zadro I, Habek M. Beware of "old" Horner syndrome. Optom Vis Sci. 89(10):e12-5, 2012 Oct. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To present with an 8-year history of Horner syndrome who was diagnosed with multiple cervical artery dissections. No results stated in the abstract. 4
53. Rao RD, Robins HI. Non-Hodgkin's tumor and Pancoast's syndrome. Oncol Rep. 8(1):165-6, 2001 Jan-Feb. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the Non-Hodgkin's tumor and Pancoast's syndrome. No results stated in the abstract. 4
54. Rose J, Jacob P, Jacob T. Horner syndrome and VI nerve paresis as a diagnostic clue to a hidden lesion. Natl Med J India. 23(6):344-5, 2010 Nov-Dec. Review/Other-Dx 1 patient To discuss the Horner syndrome and VI nerve paresis as a diagnostic clue to a hidden lesion. No results stated in the abstract. 4
55. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; Committee on National Statistics; Committee on Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. In: Becker T, Chin M, Bates N, eds. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US) Copyright 2022 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.; 2022. Review/Other-Dx N/A Sex and gender are often conflated under the assumptions that they are mutually determined and do not differ from each other; however, the growing visibility of transgender and intersex populations, as well as efforts to improve the measurement of sex and gender across many scientific fields, has demonstrated the need to reconsider how sex, gender, and the relationship between them are conceptualized. No abstract available. 4
56. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Radiation Dose Assessment Introduction. Available at: https://edge.sitecorecloud.io/americancoldf5f-acrorgf92a-productioncb02-3650/media/ACR/Files/Clinical/Appropriateness-Criteria/ACR-Appropriateness-Criteria-Radiation-Dose-Assessment-Introduction.pdf. Review/Other-Dx N/A To provide evidence-based guidelines on exposure of patients to ionizing radiation. No abstract available. 4
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